Human health hazards associated with the administration of antimicrobials to slaughter animals: Part I. an assessment of the risks of residues of tetracyclines in pork

Veterinary Quarterly

Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 2-10

  Berends, B R ^a   van den Bogaard, A E J M ^b   Snijders, J M A ^a  

^a UTRECHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; DRUG RESIDUE; TETRACYCLINE;

ALLERGIC REACTION; ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK; ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY; ASTHMA; BONE DISEASE; CONSUMER; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; GASTROINTESTINAL TOXICITY; HEALTH HAZARD; HUMAN; LIVER FATTY DEGENERATION; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; NETHERLANDS; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PIGMENT DISORDER; PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SKIN DISEASE; SLAUGHTERHOUSE; SWINE; TOOTH COLOR; VETERINARY MEDICINE; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

ANIMALS; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; DRUG RESIDUES; FOOD CONTAMINATION; FOOD SUPPLY; HUMANS; MEAT; NETHERLANDS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SWINE; TETRACYCLINES;

EID: 0035143382     PISSN: 01652176     EISSN: 18755941     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2001.9695068     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Adkinson jr NF. immunological Consequences of Antimicrobials in Animal Feeds. In: The cfTccts on human health of subtheurapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal feeds. Ed by: Commitce to study the human health effects of sublherupcutic antibiotic use in animal feeds, NAS. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1980: pp 10.
2. Anonymous. Advics inzakc Antibiotica in Lcvcnsmiddelcn. Rijswijk: Gezondheidsraad, 1980.
3. Anonymous. National Research Council (NRC). Meat and poultry inspection. The scientific basis of the nation’s program. Washington D.C. (USA): National Academy Press 1985.
4. Anonymous. Repcrtorium Diergenccsmiddelen; ovcrzicht voor dicren-artsen. 5e editie 1989-1990. Amsterdam: FIDIN 1989.
5. Anonymous. Jaarvcrslag RVV 1992. Voorburg: RVV 1993.
6. Anonymous. Tetracyclines. In: RTECS Data Base. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, US Dept, of Health and Human Services; Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: National Institute for Occupational Safely and Health. DllHS (NIOHS) publication No. 93-130. Washington,-DC (USA): US Government printing Service 1993.
7. Anonymous. Tetracyclines. In: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (IISDB). U.S. Toxicology Infonnation Program, National Library of Medicine (NLM). Bethesda. Maryland: U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1995.
8. Anonymous. Slaughter data over the years 1983-1993. Veterinary Public Health Inspectorate (VIII) of the Ministry of Public Health. Welfare and Sports, Rijswijk, and the National Inspection Services for Livestock andMeat (RW) of the Ministry of Agriculture. Nature Management and Fisheries, Voorburg, the Netherlands.
9. Anonymous. RVV-Jaarvcrslag 1995. Voorburg: RW, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries. Voorburg, the Netherlands, 1996.
10. Anonymous. Pre-publication results of a pilot project regarding the sensitivity of the new Dutch Kidney Test. Veterinary Public I Icalth Inspectorate (VIII), Ministry of Public Health. Welfare and Sports, Rijswijk, the Netherlands, 1997.
11. Armittage P, and Berry G. Statistical methods in medical research. 2nd. Edition. Oxford, London, Edinburgh: Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd, 1987.
12. Bates J, Jordens JZ. and GrifTits DT. Farm animals as a putative reservoir for vancomycin-resistant cnterococcal infection in man. J Antimicrob Chcmothcr 1994; 34:507–16.
13. Berends BR. Een gcTmplementeerd beschrijvcnd epidemiologist model van Salmonella spp. ten bchocve van een kwantitatieve risico-analyse van de consumptie van varkcnsvlces. WDO-rapport 119308. Utrecht. Vakgrocp Vocdingsmiddelen van Dicrlijkc Oorsprong, Facultcit Dicr-geneeskundc. Univcrsitcit Utrecht, the Netherlands, 1993.
14. Berends BR, Snijders JMA, and Logtcstijn JG van. Efficacy of current EC meat inspection procedures and some proposed revisions with respect to microbiological safety and quality assurance - A critical review. Vet Rec 1993; 133:411–5.
15. Berends BR, Knapen F van, and Snijders JMA. Suggestions for the construction, analysis and use of descriptive epidemiological models for the modernization of meat inspection. Int J Food Microbiol 1996; 30:27–36.
16. Berends BR, Urlings HAP, Snijders JMA, and Knapen F van. Identification and quantification of risk factors in animal management and transport regarding Salmonella in pigs. Int J Food Microbiol 1996;30:37–53.
17. Berends BR, Knapen F van, Mossel DAA, and Snijders JMA. Identification and quantification of risk factors regarding Salmonella spp. on pork. Int J Food Microbiol 1997; 36:199–206.
18. Berends BR, Knapen F van, Mossel DAA, Burt S, and Snijders JMA. Salmonella spp. on pork in cutting plants and at the retail level and the influence of particular risk factors. Int J Food Microbiol 1998; 44:207–17.
19. Berends BR, Knapen F van, Mossel DAA, Burt SA, and Snijders JMA. Impact on human health of Salmonella spp. on pork in the Netherlands and the anticipated effects of some currently proposed control strategies. Int J Food Microbiol 1998; 44:219–29.
20. Berends BR, Bogaard AEJM van den, Knapen F van, and Snijders JMA. Human health hazards associated with the administration of antimicrobials to slaughter animals. Part II. An assessment of the risks of resistant bacteria on pork. Vet Quart 2001; 23:10–21.
21. Bogaard AEJM van den, Wicdcma WF, Boven CPA van, and Waay D van der. Recolonization and colonization resistance of the large bowel after three methods of preoperative preparation of the gatmintcstinal tract for elective colonal surgery. J HygCamb 1986; 97:49–59.
22. Bogaard AEJM van de, Brccuwsma AJ, Julichcr CHM, Mostert A, Nieuwenhuijs JHM, Vaaikamp H, Vcrhoeff J, en Vullo A. Vetcrinair antibioticabcleid: aanbcvclingen van een wcrkgrocp. Tijdschr Dicr-geneeskd 1994; 119:160–83.
23. Bohnhof M. and Miller CP. Enhanced susceptibility to Salmonella infection in streptomycin treated mice. J Infect Dis 1962; 111:117–7.
24. Burton GC, Hirsh DC, Blcndon DC. and Sicglcr J. The effects of tetracyclines on the establishment ol E. coll of animal origin, and in vivo transfer of antibiotic resistance, in the intestinal trad of man. In: The normal microbial flora of man. Schlumer FA, and Carr JG (Editors). Scr: The society for applied microbiology symposion series no 3. London and New York: Academic Press Inc., 1974.
25. Clarke ECG. and Clarke ML. Veterinary Toxicology. London: Ballicrc & Tindall, 1975.
26. Cordle MK. USDA regulation of residues in meat and poultry products. J AnimSci 1988;66:413–33.
27. Corpet DE, Lumeau S, and Corpct F. Minimum antibiotic levels for selecting a resistance plasmid in a gnotobiotic animal model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989; 33:535–40.
28. Crawford LM. and Sholts EB. Animal uses of antibiotics as feed additives and in therapy and the emergence ol antibiotic-resistance. In: The control of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Stuart-Harris Cl 1. and I larris DM (Editors). London and New York: Academic Press, 1982: 75–90.
29. Dresser WR van, and Wilcke JR. Drug residues in food animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989; 194:1700–10.
30. Elbers ARW, Cromwijk WAJ, Hunneman WA en Tielcn MJM. Logboekrcgistratic op vlcesvarkensbcdrijvcn in hct Integrals’ Keten Behecrsing (1KB) project. 1. Gebruik van medicijncn cn vaccins. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 1990; 115:249–61.
31. Elbers ARW. Logbook recording on pig finishing farms in an Integrated Quality Control (1QC) project. Chapter 6, Part I and II. Doctoral Thesis, Utrecht University, 1991:94–118.
32. Fink-Gremmels J, und Leistner L. Toxicologischc Bewertung der bei Fleisch und Fleischerzeugnissen möglichen Rückstände. Flcischwirtsch 1986; 66 (11): 1590–5.
33. Goodman RN. Appendix B. Possible human health effects of subtherapeutic antimicrobial use as pesticides. In: The effects on human health of subtherapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal feeds. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1980.
34. Grossklaus D. Rückstände in von Tieren stammenden Lebensmitteln. Unter mitarb. von Kaul A, Lingk W, Siewert E, Somogyi A, Weigert P, und Wirth E. Berlin und Hamburg: Verlag Paul Parcy, 1989.
35. Guillot P, Sanders P, and Mourot D. Chloramphenicol and Oxytetracycline residues in milk and tissues front cows and bullocks treated with an injectable formulation. Food Addit Contam 1989; 6:467–73.
36. Harbers AI IM. Aspects of meat inspection in an integrated quality control system for slaughter pigs. Doctoral Thesis, Utrecht University, the Netherlands, 1991: 136 pp.
37. llartog JMP den, Nouws FJM, and Brocx NJG. Vergelijkend onderzoek naar dc tocpasbaarlieid van de nieuwe Nederlandsc niertcst voor hct aan-loncn van bacteriegroei-remmendc stoffen in nicrcn van slachtdicren. RI-K1LT rapport 86.92. projcctnr. 303.7900,1986.
38. Hoignc R, Keller H, and Sonntag R. Penicillincs. cephalosporins and tetracyclines. In: Meyler’s Side Effects of Drugs. An encyclopedia of adverse reactions and interactions. I Ith edition. Edited by: Dukes MNG. Elsevier, Amsterdam. New York, Oxford. 1988:210–40.
39. Jager LP en Vroomen LHM. Toxicologischc ovcrwcgingcn bij de bcoor-deling van diergeneesmiddelcn. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 1990; 115: 727–35.
40. Katz SE. Antimicrobial residues and resistant organisms: Their occurence, significance and stability. In: The effects on human health of sub-theurapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal feeds. Ed by: Commitee to study the human health effects of subtherapeutic antibiotic use in animal feeds. NAS. Washington DC: Office of Publications Nat Acad Sei, 1980.
41. Klavercn JD van. Kwalitcitsprogramma Agrarische Produkten. Resultaten rcsidubcwaking in Nederland: KAP-vcrslag 1995. Wageningcn: RIKILT-DLO, 1996.
42. Klavercn JD van. Kwalitcitsprogramma Agrarische Produkten. Resultaten rcsidubcwaking in Nederland: KAP-vcrslag 1996. Wagenitmen: RIKILT-DLO. 1997.
43. Kuipcr HA. Residuen in varkcnsvlces, ccn risico voor de consumcnt? In: Kwalitcitszorg in dc varkenshoudcrij: van vocr tot vlecs. L.A. den Hartog. D.L. Schumcr, M Visser-Reyneveld(Editors). Wageningcn: PU-DOC, 1992.
44. Kuske-Nijsten R. Antibiotic Resistance in Humans and Pigs. Is there a relation? Doctoral Thesis. Maastricht University, the Netherlands 1995: 140 pp.
45. Leeuwen FXR van. Het gebruik van fannacologischc criteria bij de loxicologische bcoordeling van diergeneesmiddelcn. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 1990; 115: 774–9.
46. Luijckx NBL, Rao GN, McConnell EE, Wiirtzcn G, and Kroes R. The intake of chemicals related to age in long-term toxicity studies - considerations for risk assessment. Reg Toxicol Pharmacol 1994; 20:96–104.
47. MacDonald A, and Laurencot H. The use of bioavailability studies in the evaluation of tissue residues. In: Residues of veterinary drugs in food. Proc. Euro Residue Conf., Noordwijkerhout. 1990, May 21-23.1 laagsma N, Ruitcr A, and Czedik-Eysenberg CB. (Eds) Utrecht: Dept. Sei. Food Aniin. Orig. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. 1990:81–97.
48. Manten A en Somer P de. Antibiotica in laboralorium cn klinick. Leiden: Stafleu’s wctcnschappclijkc uitgeversmaatschappij. 1972.
49. Manten A en Somer P de. Nieuwe antibiotica. Leiden: Stafleu’s wetcn-schappclijkc uitgeversmaatschappij, 1976.
50. Martin SW, Meek AH, and Willcberg P. Veterinary Epidemiology. Principles and Methods. Ames, Iowa (USA): Iowa State University Press, 1987.
51. McEvoy JDG, Crooks SRH, Elliott CT, McCaughcy WJ, and Kennedy DIG. Origin of Chlortetracycline in pig tissue. Analyst 1994; 119:2603–6.
52. Mcvius DJ. Vcllenga L. Brcukink HJ, Nouws JFM, Vrce TB, and Driesscns F. Pharmacokinetics and renal clearance of oxytctracyclinc in piglets following intravenous and oral administration. Vet Quart 1986; 8: 274–84.
53. Micrt ASJPAM van. Diergeneesmiddelcn cn Good Veterinary Practice. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 1990; 115:125–31.
54. Miller D. How safety and residue issues arc resolved to maintain a safer food supply. In: Proc. WAVFH Xth Int. Symp., Stockholm. July 2-7, 1989.
55. Nouws JFM. Tolerances and detection of antimicrobial residues in slaughtered animals. Archiv Lcbensmittelhyg 1982; 32:103–10.
56. Nouws JFM. Irritation, bioavailabi lity and residue aspects of 10 Oxytetracycline formulations administered intramuscularly to nies Vet Ouari 1986;8:80–4.
57. Nouws JFM, Brocx NJG, Hartog JMP den, en Driessens F. Wacht-tcrminen bij de Nicuwe Ncdcrlandsc Niertest. Tijdschr Diereeneeskd 1987;112:1243–5.
58. Nouws JFM. De voorspcllcndc waardc van urinconderzock bij de NNNTNicuwcNedelandseNiertest. Tijdschr Diergenccskd 1988;113:141–3.
59. Nouws JFM, Brocx NJG, Hartog JMP den, Driessens F, en Driesscns-van Laakveld WDM. Dc nieuwe Nederlandse niertest. II De gcvoclighcid van hct testsysteem. Tijdschr Diergcneeskd 1988; 113:247–53.
60. Nouws JFM, Brocx NJG, Hartog JMP den, and Driessens F. The New Dutch Kidney Test. Archiv Lebensminclhyg 1988; 39: 135–8.
61. Nouws JFM, Smulders A, and Rappalini M. A comparative study on irritation and residue aspects of five Oxytetracycline formulations administered intramuscularly to calves and sheep. Vet Quart 1990:12:129–38.
62. Nouws JFM. Problematiek van spuitplckkcn bij siachtdieren. Dier en Arts 1990; jan-feb: 12–14.
63. Nouws JFM en Vcrdijk ATHM. Hoe is de incidcntie van antibiotica-rcsiducn bij siachtdieren tc minimaliseren? Tijdschr Diergenccskd 1991;116:833–40.
64. Nouws JFM. Prcventie van residuen van antibiotica en chemotherapcutica in varkcnsvlees. In: Kwalilcitszorg in de varkenshouderij - van voer tot vices. Ed by Hartog LA den, Schumer DL, Visscr-Rcyneveld, Wageningen: Pudoc. 1992: pp 105–14.
65. Nouws JFM, Kuipcr H, Klingeren B van, and Kntyswijk PG. Estalishment ofa microbiologically acceptable daily intake od antimicrobial drug residues. Vet Quart 1994; 16:152–6.
66. O’Brien TF. Appendix I. Infectious disease: Effect of antimicrobials on bacterial populations. In: The effects on human health of subthcrapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal feeds. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1980:120–40.
67. O’Brien JJ, Campbell N. and Conaghan T. Effect ofcooking and cold storage on biologically active antibiotic residues in meat. J Hyg Camb 1981; 87:511–23.
68. Oka H, Ikai Y, Kawamura N, and Hayakawa J. Limited survey of residual tetracyclines in tissues collected from diseased animals in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 1991; 74: 894–6.
69. Pace WE. Food contamination. In: The effects on human health of sub-thcurapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal feeds. Ed by: Commitee to study the human health effects of subthcrapeutic antibiotic use in animal feeds. NAS. Washington DC: Office of Publications Nat Acad Sei 1980;20–36.
70. Pavia AT, Shipman LD, Wells JG, Puhr ND, Smith JD, MvcKinley TW, and Tauxe RV. Epidemiologic Evidence that Prior Antimicrobial Exposure Decreases Resistance to Infection by Antimicrobial-Sensitive Salmonella. J InfDis 1990; 161:255–60.
71. Petzer I, Staden JJ van, en Gieseckc WH. Binnenspicrsc wcefselrcaksie en residue in slagbeesle na tocdiening van langwerkende oksitetrasiklicn tormulasies. J S Afr Vet Assoc 1984; 55:107–11.
72. Pijpers A. Feed medication with tetracyclines in pigs. Thesis Utrecht University, 1990:130 pp.
73. Riviere JF., Craigmill AL, and Sundlof SF. I landbook of comparative pharmacokinetics and residues of veterinary antimicrobials. Boca Raton Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1991: pp 350.
74. Roij TI IAJM de en Vries PI IU de. Milieutoxicologischeaspecten vanhet gebruik van veevocderadditieven cn thcrapeutica. Persistentic in dierlijke excreta en milieu. Den Haag: Ministerie van Volksgczondheid en Milieuhygicnc, Staatsuitgevcrij, 1982:75.
75. Salisbury CDC, Patterson JR, MacNeil JD, Feltmatc TE, Tittiger F, Assclin J, and Black WD. Survey of chloramphenicol residues in diseased swine. Can J Vet Res 1988; 52: 15–7.
76. Salisbury CDC, Chan W, Patterson JR, MacNeil JD, and Kranendonk CA. Case report: An investigation of chlortctracycline and Oxytetracycline residues in suspect swine slaughtered in Manitoba. Canada, October 1987 to March 1988. Food Addit Contam 1990; 7:369–73.
77. Savage DC. Appendix D. Impact of antimicrobials on the microbial flora of the gut. In: The effects on human health of subtherapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal feeds. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1980:18.
78. Schrcurs M, Rutjes BPM en Frijns LMH. Nationaal plan Hormonen cn ovenge stoffen: Jaaroverzicht hormoncn 1994. Rapport r95.054. Wageningen: Centraal Laboratorium Rijskdienst voor dc kcuring van Vccen Vices (CLRVV) 1995.
79. Schrcurs M, Rutjes BPM en Frijns LMH. Nationaal plan Hormonen en ovenge stoffen; Jaaroverzicht overige stoffen 1994. Rapport r95.055. Wageningen: Centraal Laboratorium Rijskdienst voor de kcuring van Vcc cn Vlees (CLRVV) 1995.
80. Schrcurs M, Rutjes BPM, en Frijns LMH. Voonnalig VREK programma-Jaaroverzicht 1994. Rapport r95.056. Wageningen: Centraal’ Laboratorium Rijskdienst voor dc kcuring van Vcc cn Vlees (CLRVV) 1995.
81. Schrcurs M, Rutjes BPM en Frijns LMH. Onderzoek verdachte dicren-Jaaroverzicht 1994. Rapport r95.057. Wageningen: Centraal Laboratonum Rijskdienst voor dc kcuring van Vee cn Vices (CLRVV) 1995.
82. Smeets JFM, Harbers AHM, Haagsma N, Hartog JMP den en Snijders JMA. Onderzoek naar residuen cn contaminantcn in slachtvarkcns in hot kadcr van het proefproject IKB mestvarkens. VVDO-rapport H8909. Utrecht: Vakgroep Vocdingsmiddclcn van Dierlijke Oorsprong. Faculteit der Dicrgcnceskunde. Univcrsitcit Utrecht, 1989.
83. Tardiff RG, and Rodricks JV. Toxic Substances and Human Risk. Principles of Data Interpretation. New York and London: Plenum Press 1987.
84. Vollaard WJ, and Clasener HAL. Colonization resistance. Anlimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38:409-14
85. Walton JR. The public health implications of drug resistant bacteria in farm animals. Ann NY Acad Sei 1971; 182:358–62.