How crowding affects letter confusion

Optometry and Vision Science

Volumn 78, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 50-55

  Liu, Lei ^a   Arditi, Aries ^a  

^a Arlene R Gordon Research Institute   (United States)

Author keywords

Crowding; Lateral interaction; Letter acuity; Letter confusion

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CONFUSION; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA FOVEA; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL MEMORY;

EID: 0035109331     PISSN: 10405488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00006324-200101010-00014     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Contour interaction and the crowding effect
2. Theoretical analysis of an alphabetic confusion matrix
3. An empirical interletter confusion matrix for continuous-line capitals
4. Identification confusions among letters of the alphabet
5. Analysis of tactile and visual confusion matrices
6. New test charts for the measurement of visual acuity at far and near distance
7. New design principles for visual acuity letter charts
8. New visual acuity charts for clinical research
9. Letter strokewidth, spacing and legibility
10. Apparent string shortening concomitant with letter crowding
11. Effects of spaces on report form tachistoscopically presented letter strings
12. Processing of tachistoscopic displays with controlled order of characters and spaces
13. Retinal locus and the letter-span error function
14. Retinal location and string position as important variables in visual information processing
15. Lateral masking for letters with unlimited viewing time
16. Lateral visual masking: Supraretinal effects when viewing linear arrays with unlimited viewing time
17. Serial position functions for letter identification at brief and extended exposure durations
18. The relative legibility of different faces of printing types
19. The relative legibility of the letters, the digits, and of certain mathematical signs
20. Multidimensional letter similarity derived from recognition errors
21. Relative legibility and confusions of letter acuity targets in the peripheral and central retina
22. The relative legibility of the small letters
23. Visual interference in the parafoveal recognition of initial and final letters of words
24. Detection and recognition
25. Letter confusion observed under small interletter spacings