Crustal structure of the northern Baltic Sea palaeorift

Tectonophysics

Volumn 331, Issue 4, 2001, Pages 341-358

  Korja, A ^a   Heikkinen, P ^a   Aaro, S ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF SWEDEN   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Baltic sea; Bouguer gravity; Precambrian; Reflection seismic; Rift

Indexed keywords

BATHOLITH; BOUGUER ANOMALY; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; PRECAMBRIAN; RIFTING; SEISMIC SURVEY;

BALTIC SEA;

EID: 0035038415     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0040-1951(00)00290-0     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Amantov, A., Laitakari, I., Poroshin, Ye., 1996. Jotnian and Postjotnian: sandstones and diabases in the surroundings of the Gulf of Finland. Explanation to the Precambrian Basement of the Gulf of Finland and Surrounding Area 1:1 mill, Koistinen, T. (Ed.), Geol. Surv. Fini. (Spec. Pap.) 21, 99-113.
2. Andersson, U.B., 1997a. Petrogenesis of some Proterozoic granitoid suites and associated basic rocks in Sweden (geochemistry and isotope geology). Geol. Surv. Sweden, Rapporter och meddelanden 91 (216pp.).
3. Andersson, U.B., 1997b. The sub-Jotnian Strömsbro granite complex at Gävle, Sweden. OFF 119, 159-167.
4. Axberg, S., 1980. Seismic stratigraphy and bedrock geology of the Bothnian Sea, northern Baltic. Acta Univ. Stockholmiensis, Stockholm Contrib. Geol. 36 (3), 153-213.
5. BABEL Working Group, 1993. Integrated seismic studies of the Baltic Shield using data in the Gulf of Bothnia region. Geophys. J. Int. 112, 305-324.
6. Brown, M., 1994. The generation, segregation, ascent and emplacement of granite magma: the migmatite-to-crustally derived granite connection in thickened orogens. Earth Sci. Rev. 36, 83-130.
7. Buick, R.W., 1991. Modes of continental lithospheric extension. J. Geophys. Res. 96, 20161-20178.
8. Christensen, N.I., Szymanski, D.L., 1988. Origin of reflections from the Breward fault zone. J. Geophys. Res. 93, 1087-1102.
9. Coward, M.P., 1986. Heterogeneous stretching, simple shear and basin development. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 80, 325-336.
10. Cooper, G.R.J., 1992. GRAV2D, 2.5D realtime interactive gravity modelling. Version 4.6. University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.
11. Eklund, O., Fröjdö, S., Lindberg, B., 1994. Magma mixing, the petrogenetic link between anorthositic suites and rapakivi granites, Åland, SW Finland. Mineral. Petrol. 50, 3-19.
12. Elo, S., 1992. Gravity anomaly maps. In: Koljonen, T. (Ed.), The Geochemical Atlas of Finland, Part 2. Till. Geol. Surv. Finl, Espoo, Finland, pp. 71-75.
13. Elo, S., 1994. Preliminary notes on gravity anomalies and mafic magmatism in Finland. Geol. Surv. Fini. Guide 37, 49-55.
14. Elo, S., Korja, A., 1993. Geophysical interpretation of the crustal and upper mantle structure in the Wiborg rapakivi area, south-eastern Finland. Precambrian Res. 64, 273-288.
15. Eskola, P., 1928. On rapakivi rocks from the bottom of the Gulf of Bothnia. Fennia 50 (27), 1-29.
16. Fountain, D.M., Hurich, C.A., Smithson, S.B., 1984. Seismic reflectivity of mylonite zones in the crust. Geology 12, 195-198.
17. Fuchs, K., 1969. On the properties of deep crustal reflectors. Z. Geophys. 35, 133-149.
18. Gaál, G., Gorbatschev, R., 1987. An outline of the Precambrian evolution of the Baltic Shield. Precambrian Res. 35, 15-52.
19. Gorbatschev, R., 1967. Petrology of Jotnian rocks in the Gävle area. Geol. Surv. Sweden, Ser. C 621 (50 pp.).
20. Haapala, I., 1998. Metallogeny of the Proterozoic rapakivi granites of Finland. In: Taylor, R.P., Strong, D.F. (Eds.), Recent Advances in the Geology of Granite-Related Mineral Deposits, Proceedings of the CIM Conference on Granite-Related Mineral Deposits, September 1985, vol. 39 (spec. vol.). Can. Inst. Miner. Metal, pp. 125-132.
21. Haapala, I., Rämö, O.T., 1992. Tectonic setting and origin of the Proterozoic rapakivi granites of southeastern Fennoscandia. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 83, 165-171.
22. Heikkinen, P., Luosto, U., 1992. Velocity structure and reflectivity of the Proterozoic crust in the Bothnian Sea. In: Meissner, R., Snyder, D., Balling, N., Staroste, E. (Eds.), The BABEL project, First Status Report, EUR 14429. Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General, Science, Research and Development, Brussels, pp. 65-69.
23. Heikkinen, P., Luosto, U., 2000. A review of some features of the seismic velocity models in Finland. In: Pesonen, L.J., Korja, A., Hjelt, S.-E. (Eds.), Lithosphere 2000 - A Symposium on the Structure, Composition and Evolution of the Lithosphere in Finland. Programme and Extended Abstracts, Espoo, Finland, October 4-5, 2000. Institute of Seismology, University of Helsinki, Report S-41, pp. 35-41.
24. Juhlin, C., 1990. Interpretation of the reflections in the Siljan Ring area based on results from Gravberg-1 borehole. Tectonophysics 173, 345-360.
25. Kääriäinen, J., Mäkinen, J., 1997. The 1979-1996 Gravity Survey and the Results of the Gravity Survey of Finland 1945-1996. Finn. Geodetic Inst. Publ (24 pp. + 1 map).
26. Klaeschen, D., Flueh, E.R., 1996. Reprocessing of BABEL line 1 normal incidence data. In: Meissner, R., Blundell, D., Snyder, D., McBride, J. (Eds.), The BABEL project, Final Status Report, EUR 16486. European Commission, Directorate-General, Science, Research and Development, Brussels, pp. 61-76.
27. Kohonen, J., Pihlaja, P., Kujala, H., Marmo, J., 1993. Sedimentation of the Jotnian Satakunta sandstone, western Finland. Geol. Surv. Fini. Bull. 369 (35 pp.).
28. Koistinen, T. (Ed.), 1994. Precambrian Basement of the Gulf of Bothnia and Surrounding Area (scale 1: 1,000,000) Geol. Surv. Fini, Espoo, Finland.
29. Korja, A., Heikkinen, P.J., 1995. Proterozoic extensional tectonics of the central Fennoscandian Shield: results from the Baltic and Bothnian echoes from the Lithosphere experiment. Tectonics 14, 504-517.
30. Korja, A., Korja, T., Luosto, U., Heikkinen, P., 1993. Seismic and geoelectric evidence for collisional and extensional events in the Fennoscandian Shield -implications for Precambrian crustal evolution. Tectonophysics 219, 129-152.
31. Korsman, K., Korja, T., Pajunen, M., Virransalo, P., The GGT/SVEKA Working Group, 1999. The GGT/SVEKA Transect - structure and evolution of the continental crust in the Palaeoproterozoic Svecofennian Orogen in Finland. Int. Geol. Rev. 41, 287-333.
32. Korsman, K., Koistinen, T., Kohonen, J., Wennervirta, M., Ekdahl, E., Honkamo, M., Idman, H., Pekkala, Y. (Eds.), 1997. Bedrock Map of Finland 1:1,000,000 Geol. Surv. Fini, Espoo, Finland.
33. Kusznir, N.J., Park, R.G., 1987. The extensional strength of the continental lithosphere: its dependence on geothermal gradient, and crustal composition and thickness. In: Coward, M.P., et al. (Eds.), Continental Extension Tectonics. In: Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ. 28, 35-52.
34. Laitakari, I., Rämö, T., Suominen, V., Niin, M., Stepanov, K., Amantov, A., 1996. Subjotnian: rapakivi granites and related rocks in the surroundings of the Gulf of Finland. Explanation to the Precambrian basement of the Gulf of Finland and surrounding area 1:1 mill, Koistinen, T. (Ed.), Geol. Surv. Fini. (Spec. Pap.) 21, 59-97.
35. Larsson, S.Å., Magnusson, K.-Å., 1979. A gravity investigation of the dolerite area on the coast of Ångermanland, Sweden. GFF 101, 1-16.
36. Lister, G.S., Etheridge, M.A., Symonds, P.A., 1986. Detachment faulting and the evolution of passive continental margins. Geology 14, 246-250.
37. Lister, G.S., Etheridge, M.A., Symonds, P.A., 1991. Detachment models for the formation of passive continental margins. Tectonics 10, 1038-1064.
38. Lundqvist, Th., Gee, D.G., Kumpulainen, R., Karis, L., 1990. Explanation to bedrock map of Västernorrlands Region (in Swedish). Geol. Surv. Sweden, Ser. Ba 31 (429 pp.).
39. Lundqvist, Th., Bygghammar, B., Stephens, M., Beckholmen, M., Norling, E., 1995. Bedrock of Sweden 1:1,250,000. National Atlas of Sweden. Geol. Surv. Sweden, LM Kartor, Kiruna.
40. Malaska, J., Heikkinen, P., Seismic, P-., 1997. and S-wave velocity models of the crust beneath BABEL 7 profiles in the Gulf of Bothnia, southwestern Finland, EUG 9, Strasbourg, 23-27 March, 1997. Terra Nova 9 (Abstract Suppl.), 133.
41. Matthews, P.A., Graham, D.P., Long, R.E., 1992. Crustal structure beneath BABEL line 6 from wide-angle and normal-incidence seismic reflection data. In: Meissner, R., Snyder, D., Balling N., Staroste, E. (Eds.), The BABEL project, First Status Report, EUR 14429. Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General, Science, Research and Development, Brussels, pp. 101-104.
42. McCarthy, J., 1986. Reflection profiles from the Snake Range metamorphic core complex: a window into the mid-crust. In: Baranzagi, M., Brown, L. (Eds.), Reflection Seismology: The Continental Crust. Geodyn. Ser., vol. 14. AGU, Washington, DC, pp. 281-292.
43. McKenzie, D.P., 1978. Some remarks on the development of sedimentary basins. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 40, 25-32.
44. Nironen, M., 1997. The Svecofennian Orogen: a tectonic model. Precambrian Res. 86, 21-44.
45. Nilsson, G., Kero, L., 1989. Bedrock map 19K Bonden NV/20K Umeå SV. Geol. Surv. Sweden, Ser Ai, 39.
46. Pedersen, L.B., Tryggvason, A., Schmidt, J., Gohl, K., 1992. Synthesis of geophysical data in the Bothnian Sea. In: Meissner, R., Snyder, D., Balling, N., Staroste, E. (Eds.), The BABEL Project, First Status Report, EUR 14429. Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General, Science, Research and Development, Brussels, pp. 59-64.
47. Petford, N., 1996. Dykes or diapirs? Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 87, 105-114.
48. Rämö, O.T., 1991. Petrogenesis of the Proterozoic rapakivi granites and related basic rocks of southeastern Fennoscandia: Nd and Pb isotopic and general geochemical constraints. Geol. Surv. Fini. Bull. 35 (161 pp.).
49. Ruotoistenmäki, T., 1992. Magnetic anomaly maps. In: Koljonen, T. (Ed.), The Geochemical Atlas of Finland, Part 2. Till. Geol. Surv. Fini, Espoo, Finland, pp. 77-79.
50. Sjöström, H., Bergman, S., 1998. Svecofennian metamorphic and tectonic evolution of East Central Sweden. Research Report, Geol. Surv. Sweden, Uppsala.
51. Suominen, V., 1991. The chronostratigraphy of south-western Finland with special reference to Postjotnian and Subjotnian diabases. Geol. Surv. Fini. Bull. 356 (100 pp.).
52. Taner, M.T., Koehler, F., Sheriff, R.E., 1979. Complex trace analysis. Geophysics 44, 1041-1063.
53. Vorma, A., 1976. On the petrochemistry of rapakivi granites with special reference to the Laitila massif, south-western Finland. Geol. Surv. Fini. Bull. 285 (98 pp.).
54. Wang, Zh., 1998. Geoid and crustal structure in Fennoscandia. Finn. Geodetic Inst. Publ. 126 (118 pp.).
55. Veltheim, V., 1962. On the Pre-Quaternary geology of the bottom of the Bothnian Sea. Comm. Géol. Finlande 200 (166 pp.).
56. Wernicke, B., 1985. Uniform normal simple shear of the continental lithosphere. Can. J. Earth Sci. 22, 108-125.
57. White, D.J., 1996. Reprocessing of seismic reflection data from BABEL Line 1. In: Meissner, R.R., Blundell, R., Snyder, D., McBride, J., (Eds.), The BABEL project, Final Status Report, EUR 16486. European Commission, Directorate-General, Science, Research and Development, Brussels, pp. 77-85.
58. Winterhalter, B., 1972. On the geology of the Bothnian Sea, on epeiric sea that has undergone Pleistocene glaciation. Geol. Surv. Fini. Bull. 258 (66 pp.).
59. Winterhalter, B., Flodén, T., Ignatius, H., Axberg, S., Niinistö, L., 1981. Geology of the Baltic Sea. In: Voipio, A. (Ed.), The Baltic Sea. Elsevier Oceanogr. Ser., vol. 30. Elsevier, New York, pp. 1-121.