Statistical analysis of spatial pattern: A comparison of grid and hierarchical sampling approaches

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Volumn 69, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 85-99

  Cole, R G ^a,b   Healy, T R ^b   Wood, M L ^b   Foster, D M ^b  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF WATER AND ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (New Zealand)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WAIKATO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Benthic macrofauna; Sampling design; Spatial pattern; Survey analysis

Indexed keywords

CORRELATION METHODS; HIERARCHICAL SYSTEMS; OCEAN HABITATS; POSITION CONTROL; STATISTICAL METHODS;

GRID DESIGNS;

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING;

SAMPLING BIAS; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

ACCURACY; ARTICLE; BIOLOGY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION FUNCTION; DENSITY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ERROR; FAUNA; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MOLLUSC; NEW ZEALAND; NONHUMAN; POSITION; RANDOMIZATION; SAMPLING; SPATIAL ORIENTATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

NEW ZEALAND; NORTH ISLAND; POVERTY BAY;

GASTROPODA;

EID: 0035024929     PISSN: 01676369     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1010756729485     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Andrew, N. L. and Mapstone, B. D.: 1987, 'Sampling and the description of spatial pattern in marine ecology', Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 25, 39-90.
2. Bainbridge, T. R.: 1965, 'Staggered nested designs for estimating variance components', Industrial Quality Control 22, 12-20.
3. Cochran, W. G.: 1946, 'Relative accuracy of systematic and stratified random samples for a certain class of populations', Ann. Math. Stat. 17, 164-177.
4. Cochran, W. G.: 1963, Sampling Techniques, 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York.
5. Dunn, R. and Harrison, A. R.: 1993, 'Two-dimensional systematic sampling of land use', Appl. Stat. 42, 585-601.
6. Ellis, J. I. and Schneider, D. C.: 1997, 'Evaluation of a gradient sampling design for environmental impact assessment', Environ. Monit. Assess. 48, 157-172.
7. Francis, R. I. C. C.: 1984, 'An adaptive strategy for stratified random trawl surveys', N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 18, 59-71.
8. Green, R. H.: 1979, Sampling Design and Statistical Methods for Environmental Biologists, 1st ed., Wiley and Sons, New York.
9. Hewitt, J. E., Legendre, P., McArdle, B. H., Thrush, S. F., Bellhumeur, C. and Lawrie, S. M.: 1997, 'Identifying relationships between adult and juvenile bivalves at different spatial scales', J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 216, 77-98.
10. James, R. J., Lincoln Smith, M. P. and Fairweather, P. G.: 1995, 'Sieve mesh-size and taxonomic resolution needed to describe natural spatial variation of marine macrofauna', Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 118, 187-198.
11. Kendall, M. A. and Widdicombe, S.: 1999, 'Small scale patterns in the structure of macrofaunal assemblages of shallow soft sediments', J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 237, 127-140.
12. Khattree, R., Naik, D. N. and Mason, R. L.: 1997, 'Estimation of variance components in staggered nested designs', J. Appl. Stat. 24, 395-408.
13. Khuri, A. I. and Sahai, H.: 1985, 'Variance components analysis: a selective literature survey', Int. Stat. Rev. 53, 279-300.
14. Koele, P.: 1982, 'Calculating power in analysis of variance', Psych. Bull. 92, 513-516.
15. Legendre, L. and Demers, S.: 1984, 'Towards dynamic biological oceanography and limnology', Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41, 2-19.
16. Legendre, P.: 1993, 'Spatial autocorrelation: trouble or new paradigm?' Ecol. 74, 1659-1673.
17. Legendre, P. and Fortin, M.-J.: 1989, 'Spatial pattern and ecological analysis', Vegetatio 80, 107-138.
18. Madow, W. G.: 1949, 'On the theory of systematic sampling II', Ann. Math. Stat. 20, 333-354.
19. Madow, W. G.: 1953, 'On the theory of systematic sampling III', Ann. Math. Stat. 24, 101-106.
20. Madow, W. G. and Madow, L. H.: 1944, 'On the theory of systematic sampling', Ann. Math. Stat. 15, 1-24.
21. Mantel, N.: 1967, 'The detection of disease clustering and a generalised regression approach', Cancer Research 27, 209-220.
22. Mapstone, B. D.: 1995, 'Scalable decision rules for environmental impact studies: effect size, Type I and Type II errors', Ecol. Appl. 5, 401-410.
23. McArdle, B. H. and Blackwell, R. G.: 1989, 'Measurement of density variability in the bivalve Chione stutchburyi', Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 52, 245-252.
24. McArdle, B. H. and Pawley, M. D. M.: 1994, 'Cost-Benefit Analysis in the Design of Biological Monitoring Programmes: Is It Worth the Effort?' in D. J. Fletcher and B. F. J. Manly (eds.), Statistics in Ecology and Environmental Monitoring, University of Otago Press, Dunedin, pp. 239-253.
25. Merrett, N. G.: 1997, 'An ecological survey on the effect of the dump ground on benthos in Poverty Bay', MSc thesis, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand, 129 pp.
26. Milne, A.: 1959, 'The centric systematic area sample treated as a random sample', Biometrics 15, 270-297.
27. Morrisey, D. J., Howitt, L., Underwood, A. J. and Stark, J. S.: 1992, 'Spatial variation in soft sediment benthos', Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 81, 197-204.
28. Osenberg, C. W., Sarnelle, O., Cooper, S. D. and Holt, R. D.: 1999, 'Resolving ecological questions through meta-analysis: goals, metrics, and models', Ecology 80, 1105-1117.
29. Pettit, A. N. and McBratney, A. B.: 1993, 'Sampling designs for estimating spatial variance components', Appl. Statist. 42, 185-209.
30. Ripley, B. D.: 1981, Spatial statistics, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
31. Roper, D. S., Smith, D. G. and Read, G. B.: 1989, 'Benthos associated with two New Zealand coastal outfalls', N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 23, 295-309.
32. Rossi, R. E., Mulla, D. J., Journel, A. G. and Franz, E. H.: 1992, 'Geostatistical tools for modeling and interpreting spatial dependence', Ecol. Monogr. 62, 277-314.
33. SAS Institute Inc.: 1989, SAS/STAT Users Guide, Version 6, 4th ed., Vol. 2, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
34. Schrader-Frechette, K. S. and McCoy, E. D.: 1992. 'Statistics, costs and rationality in ecological inference', TREE 7, 96-99.
35. Smouse, P. E., Long, J. C. and Sokal, R. R.: 1986, 'Multiple regression and correlation extensions of the Mantel test of matrix correspondence', Syst. Zool. 35, 627-632.
36. Sokal, R. R. and Oden, N. L.: 1978a, 'Spatial autocorrelation in biology, 1. Methodology', Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 10, 199-228.
37. Sokal, R. R. and Oden, N. L.: 1978b, 'Spatial autocorrelation in biology, 2. Some biological applications of evolutionary and ecological interest', Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 10, 229-249.
38. Thrush, S. F.: 1991, 'Spatial patterns in soft-bottom communities', TREE 6, 75-79.
39. Upton, G. J. G. and Fingleton, B.: 1985, Spatial data analysis by example. Volume I. Point pattern and quantitative analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
40. Upton, G. J. G. and Fingleton, B.: 1989, Spatial data analysis by example. Volume II. Categorical and directional data, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
41. Wolter, K. M.: 1984, 'An investigation of some estimators of variance for systematic sampling', J. Amer. Stat. Assoc. 79, 781-790.
42. Wood, M. L.: 1994, 'The effects of Dredge Spoil disposal on the benthic fauna of Poverty Bay - a baseline survey', MSc thesis, University of Waikato.