Hydrogen in the deep Earth

Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences

Volumn 29, Issue , 2001, Pages 365-418

  Williams, Q ^a   Hemley, R J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Core; Hydrous phases; Mantle; Volatiles; Water

Indexed keywords

HYDROGEN; IRON ALLOYS; PLANETS;

MANTLE;

EARTH SCIENCES;

CORE (PLANETARY); HYDROGEN; HYDROUS MINERAL; MANTLE; WATER;

EID: 0034979889     PISSN: 00846597     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.earth.29.1.365     Document Type: Article

References (305)

1. Thermal and chemical evolution of the terrestrial magma ocean
2. 2O atmosphere and its implications for the thermal history of the earth
3. Hydrated subducted crust at 100-250 km depth
4. Hydrogarnet substitution in pyrope: A possible location for "water" in the mantle
5. Metasomatic hydrous fluids in amphibole peridotites from Zabargad Island (Red Sea)
6. Planetary origins; water storage in the mantle
7. Impact erosion of terrestrial planetary atmospheres
8. Water content of mantle garnets
9. 2O at high pressures and temperatures-possible hydrous magnesian silicates in the mantle transition zone
10. 20 bearing minerals in the upper mantle
11. The chemical composition of the earth
12. Implications of a two-component marble-cake mantle
13. Chemical processes in the early solar system, as inferred from meteorites
14. The trapped fluid phase in upper mantle xenoliths from Victoria, Australia: Implications for mantle metasomatism
15. Stabilities and equations of state of dense hydrous magnesium silicates
16. Obtaining iron hydride under high hydrogen pressure
17. Infrared absorption study of the hydrogen-bond symmetrization in ice to 110 GPa
18. 0.26
19. 56 pumpellyite and its relevance in ultramafic systems at high pressure
20. Melting relations of hydrous and dry mantle compositions and the genesis of komatiites
21. High-pressure chemistry of hydrogen in metals-in situ study of iron hydride
22. Effects of chemical environment on the solubility and incorpotation mechanism for hydrogen in olivine
23. Crystal structure refinement of lawsonite
24. The impact of subduction zone metamorphism on mantle-ocean chemical cycling
25. Water in earth's mantle: The role of nominally anhydrous minerals
26. Sharpness of upper-mantle discontinuities determined from high-frequency reflections
27. A single-crystal infrared spectroscopic and X-ray-diffraction study of untwinned San Benito perovskite containing OH groups
28. A possible presence of ice in cold subducting slabs
29. Elasticity and constitution of the earth's interior
30. Stable isotope, chemical and petrographic studies of high pressure amphiboles and micas: Evidence for metasomatism in the mantle source regions of alkali basalts and kimberlites
31. 2O: Implications for volatile transport to the mantle
32. 238U disequilibrium data
33. The effects of deep damp melting on mantle flow and melt generation beneath mid-ocean ridges
34. The importance of volatile constituents
35. Volatiles in basaltic glasses from the East Pacific Rise at 21°N: Implications for MORB sources and submarine lava flow morphology
36. The origin of the moon and the single impact hypothesis, IV
37. No water, no granites-no oceans, no continents
38. Static compression and H disorder in brucite to 11 GPa-a powder neutron diffraction study
39. Behavior of ammonia and water at high pressure and temperature: Implications for planetary physics
40. Electrical conductivity of water at high pressures and temperatures
41. Erosion of terrestrial planet atmosphere by surface motion after a large impact
42. 4
43. The role of water in the deformation of dunite
44. 3 glasses: OH vibrations as a probe of glass structure
45. Equation of state of phase E
46. High pressure IR spectra of lattice modes and O-H vibrations in Fe-bearing wadsleyite
47. High-pressure behavior of lawsonite: A phase transition at 8.6 GPa
48. 2O abundance in depleted to moderately enriched mid-ocean ridge magmas: Part I
49. The MARID (mica-amphibole-rutile-ilmenite-diopside suite of xenoliths in kimberlite
50. Abundance and distribution of water, carbon and sulfur in the glassy rims of submarine pillow basalts
51. Hydrogen isotope heterogeneities in the mantle from ion probe analysis of amphiboles from ultramafic rocks
52. Fluid chemistry of Archean seaftoor hydrothermal vents: Implications for the composition of ca. 3.2 Ga sea-water
53. 2O in Juan de Fuca Ridge basaltic glasses
54. Water in boninite glass and coexisting orthopy roxene: Concentration and partitioning
55. The stability and composition of phengitic muscovite and associated phases from 5.5 to 11 GPa: Implications for deeply subducted sediments
56. 2
57. 2
58. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of brucite to 14 GPa
59. + in mantle kaersutite: Implications for mantle metasomatism
60. 6O ratios in water from comet P/Halley
61. 17(OH)
62. 4 spinet, beta-phase (wadsleyite) and olivine: Implications for the electrical conductivity of the mantle
63. Binary mixing of enriched and undegassed (primitive?) components (He,Sr,Nd,Pb) in Samoan lavas
64. Static compression of chondrodite: Implications for water in the upper mantle
65. Infrared spectra of phase B at high pressures: Hydroxyl bonding under compression
66. 2O
67. 24 (phase AnhB)
68. Crystal chemistry of phase B and an anhydrous analogue: Implications for water storage in the upper mantle
69. Predicted compositions for high-density hydrous magnesium silicates
70. 2O
71. Effects of water-dependent creep rate on the volatile exchange between mantle and surface reservoirs
72. On the influx of small comets into the Earth's upper atmosphere. II. Interpretation
73. Sound velocities of clinohumite, and implications for water in earth's upper mantle
74. The stability of dense hydrous magnesium silicate's in earth's transition zone and lower mantle
75. Stability of phase D at high pressure and high temperature
76. Static compression of the hydrous magnesium silicate phase D to 30 GPa at room temperature
77. The iron-water reaction and the evolution of the earth
78. Iron-water reaction under high pressure and its implication in the evolution of the earth
79. Lattice energies, phase transformations and volatiles in the mantle
80. Dehydration melting and the generation of continental flood basalts
81. Phase relations in the transition zone
82. The role of volatiles in the transition zone
83. Partitioning of elements among two silicate perovskites, superphase B, and volatile-bearing melt at 23 GPa and 1500-1600°C
84. 2O ice to 210 GPa: Evidence for a symmetric hydrogen-bonded phase
85. Hydrolytic weakening of quartz and other silicates
86. Implications of the high D/H ratio for the sources of water in Venus' atmosphere
87. Lead and helium isotope evidence from oceanic basalts for a common deep source of mantle plumes
88. 2O in oxide and oxysalt minerals
89. Sub-duction zone thermal structure and mineralogy and their relationship to seismic wave reflections and conversions at the slab/ mantle interface
90. High-pressure synchrotron infrared spectroscopy at the national synchrotron light source
91. A possible role for garnet pyroxenite in the origin of the garnet signature in MORB
92. Water in the oceanic upper mantle: Implications for rheology, melt extraction and the evolution of the lithosphere
93. Surface tension of iron hydride formed by the reaction of iron-silicate-water under pressure
94. Vibrational spectra of dense hydrous magnesium silicates at high pressure: Importance of the hydrogen bond angle
95. 2, a new high-pressure structure type
96. Hydrogen in nominally anhydrous upper-mantle minerals: Concentration levels and implications
97. 2O up to 15 GPa
98. Decomposition of K-amphibole at high pressures and implications for subduction zone volcanism
99. Garnet fractionation in a hydrous magma ocean and the origin of Al-depleted komatiites: Melting experiments of hydrous pyrolite with REEs at high pressure
100. 4
101. 4: A new water reservoir in the mantle transition region
102. Phase transformations in serpentine and transportation of water into the lower mantle
103. Amorphization of serpentine at high pressure and high temperature
104. Alteration of oceanic crust and geologic cycling of chlorine and water
105. Earth degassing and large scale geochemical cycling of volatile elements
106. Core formation in the presence of various C-H-O species
107. 2O to 15 GPa
108. Evidence for ice VI as an inclusion of cuboid diamonds from high P-T near infrared spectroscopy
109. Hydrogen bonding interactions in phase A at ambient and high pressure
110. 2O
111. Stability of hydrous magnesium silicates in the mantle transition zone
112. The role of hydrogen in the electrical conductivity of the upper mantle
113. Effects of water on seismic-wave velocities in the upper-mantle
114. Rheology of synthetic olivine aggregates-influence of grain-size and water
115. Hydrogen in alpha-quartz
116. Experimental evidence for a hydrous transition zone in earth's early mantle
117. 2O-saturated mantle peridotite to 11 gigapascals
118. 1H MAS NMR: The effect of sample preparation
119. Carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen in carbonaceous meteorites: Abundances and isotopic compositions in bulk samples
120. Carbon in mid-Atlantic ridge basalt glasses from 28°N to 63°N: Evidence for a carbon-enriched Azores mantle plume
121. Planar OH-bearing defects in mantle olivine
122. 4
123. 2O in nominally anhydrous mantle minerals using 1H MAS NMR
124. On proton transport in perovskite-type oxides and plastic hydroxides
125. On the internal constitution of the earth
126. 2 under pressure
127. Effects of water on the α-β transformation kinetics in San Carlos olivine
128. Single crystal diffraction study of a new hydrous silicate, phase E
129. Phase E: A high-pressure hydrous silicate with unique crystal chemistry
130. Structure and crystal chemistry of phase G, a new hydrous magnesium silicate synthesized at 22 GPa and 1050°C
131. 36
132. Withdrawal-phase F, a new hydrous magnesium silicate synthesized at 1000°C and 17 GPa: Crystal structure and estimated bulk modulus
133. Observation of phase transformations in serpentine at high pressure and high temperature by in situ X-ray diffraction measurements
134. Hydrogen isotope composition of deep-seated water
135. Helium isotopic systematics of oceanic islands: Implications for mantle heterogeneity
136. Stability of phlogopite at high pressures and possible presence of phlogopite in the Earth's upper mantle
137. Hydrogen isotope systematics of submarine basalts
138. OH substitution in garnet: X-ray and neutron diffraction, infrared and geometric-modelling studies
139. Neutron powder diffraction study of hydrogamet to 9.0 GPa
140. 2O and the homogeneous accretion of the earth
141. 2O at high pressure
142. The hydrogen isotope composition of seawater and the global water cycle
143. 3C to 30 GPa
144. Hydrogen in coesite crystals
145. Phases and electrical conductivity of a hydrous silicate assemblage at lower-mantle conditions
146. OH defects in forsterite
147. Significance of ultrahigh-P talc-bearing eclogitic assemblages
148. 2O on the phase behavior of the forsterite-enstatite system at high pressures and temperatures and implications for the earth
149. 2O on the phase behavior of the forsterite-enstatite system at high pressures and temperatures: Revisited
150. Raman study of phase D at various pressures and temperatures
151. Raman spectra of phase A at various pressures and temperatures
152. Raman spectra of phase B at various pressures and temperatures
153. Raman spectra of phase E at various pressures and temperatures with geophysical implications
154. Synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy: Applications to hydrous minerals
155. Synchrotron micro-infrared spectroscopy: Applications to hydrous mantle minerals
156. Thermodynamic properties of ferromagnesium silicate perovskites from vibrational spectroscopy
157. Water solubility in pyrope to 100 kbar
158. Mantle melting and basalt extraction by equilibrium porous flow
159. Is phase A relevant to the earth's mantle?
160. Experimental study of the system phlogopite-diopside from 3.5 to 17 GPa
161. Diffusion of hydrogen in olivine; Implications for water in the mantle
162. The role of water in the deformation of olivine single crystals
163. Evidence for recent groundwater seepage and surface runoff on Mars
164. 2O in the lower crust and upper mantle
165. Hydrated salt minerals on Europa's surface from the Galileo near-infrared mapping spectrometer (NIMS) investigation
166. Titanoclinohumite: A possible mineralogical site for water in the upper mantle
167. Thermal evolution of the earth: Effects of volatile exchange between atmosphere and interior
168. Deep-focus earthquakes and recycling of water into the earth's mantle
169. 3 perovskite
170. 2O
171. 2O in the suboceanic upper mantle: Implications for mantle metasomatism
172. The natural occurrence of hydroxide in olivine
173. Fluids in accretionary prisms
174. Water content of basalt erupted on the ocean floor
175. 2: structural refinement under pressure
176. Mantle-derived fluids in diamond micro-inclusions
177. Mantle geochemistry-a lesson from ceramics
178. 2
179. Low S velocities under the Tomquist-Teisseyeare zone: Evidence for water injection into the transition zone by subduction
180. Hydrogen bonding in solids. Correlation of spectroscopic and crystallographic data
181. Origin of cratonic peridotite and komatiite: Evidence for melting in the wet Archean Mantle
182. A new hydrous silicate, a water reservoir, in the upper part of the lower mantle
183. 2O at pressures up to 27 GPa
184. Stability of hydrous phases in the transition zone and the uppermost part of the lower mantle
185. 2O system
186. Hydrogen partitioning into molten iron at high pressure: Implications for Earth's core
187. The melting temperature of iron hydride at high pressures and its implications for the temperature of the Earth's core
188. Phase relations of amphibole, amphibole-carbonate, and phlogopite-carbonate peridotite: Petrologic constraints on the asthenosphere
189. Elastic properties of hydrogrossular garnet and implications for water in the upper mantle
190. Crystal structure of superhydrous B, a hydrous magnesium silicate synthesized at 1400°C and 20 GPa
191. Pressure-induced H-bonding - Neutron diffraction study of brucite to 9.3 GPa
192. 2
193. Emplacement conditions of komatiite magmas from the 3.49 Ga Komati Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa
194. 2O recycling in subduction zones
195. Hydrogen in stishovite, with implications for mantle water content
196. 2O in subduction zones
197. Fluid processes in subduction zones
198. Large-scale hydration of the lithosphere above subducting slabs
199. 2O transport and release in subduction zones: Experimental constraints on basaltic and andesitic systems
200. The high pressure stability of zoisite and phase relations of zoisite-bearing assemblages
201. Helium and hydrogen isotopes in ocean ridge basalts north and south of Iceland
202. Hydrous phases and hydrogen bonding at high pressure
203. Seismic evidence for silicate melt atop the 410-km discontinuity
204. Shock compression of molten silicates: Results for model basaltic composition
205. Effect of water on metal-silicate partitioning of siderophile elements: A high pressure and temperature terrestrial magma ocean and core formation
206. Chemical evolution of the terrestrial planets
207. Composition of the core and implications for origin of the earth
208. 2O
209. Hydroxyl contents of accessory minerals in mantle eclogites and related rocks
210. Geologic history of sea water: An attempt to state the problem
211. Subduction of water into the mantle: History of an alpine peridotite
212. Petrologic and geochemical variations along the mid-Atlantic Ridge from 29°N to 73°N
213. Lawsonite: Upper pressure stability and formation of higher density hydrous phases
214. 3OH, a high-pressure hydrous phase
215. Experimentally based water budgets for dehydrating slabs and consequences for arc magma generation
216. Solid carbon dioxide in a natural diamond
217. Hydrous and carbonatitic mantle fluids in fibrous diamonds from Jwaneng, Botswana
218. Ultradeep metamorphic rocks: The retrospective viewpoint
219. 2O (abstract)
220. 2O (abstract)
221. 3C: Implications for carbon in the Earth's core
222. An infrared spectroscopic study of lawsonite to 20 GPa
223. 2O system
224. Decomposition of phase D in the lower mantle and the fate of dense hydrous silicates in subducting slabs
225. In situ X-ray diffraction studies of dense hydrous magnesium silicates at mantle conditions
226. In situ high pressure X-ray diffraction of phase E to 15 GPa
227. Single-crystal elastic properties of chondrodite: Implications for water in the upper mantle
228. Hydroxide in pyroxene: Variations in the natural environment
229. Storage of F and CI in the upper mantle: Geochemical implications
230. 4: A potential host for water in the mantle?
231. 4): An ocean in the Earth's interior?
232. 2O system
233. 4)
234. H in rutile-type compounds II, Crystal-chemistry of A1 substitution in H-bearing stishovite
235. 2O storage and recycling
236. Nonfractional crystallization of a terrestrial magma ocean
237. Suspension in convective layers and style of differentiation of a terrestrial magma ocean
238. Crystal structure and volume effects in the hydrides of the d-metals
239. Hydrogen in the earth's core
240. Models of the earth' core
241. The role of water in the petrogenesis of Mariana trough magmas
242. Evidence for hydrous high-MgO melts in the Precambrian
243. Phlogopite and K amphibole in the upper mantle: Implications for magma genesis in subduction zones
244. Solubility of hydrogen in metals under high hydrogen pressures: Thermodynamical calculations
245. 2O systems up to 12 GPa
246. The system iron-enstatite-water at high pressures and temperatures-formation of iron hydride and some geophysical implications
247. The role of hydrogen in geological processes in the earth's interior
248. H in rutile-type compounds 1: Single-crystal neutron and X-ray-diffraction study of H in rutile
249. 2O in granitic batholiths
250. Igneous rocks. I. Processes of isotopic fractionation and isotope systematics
251. Water in the earth's upper mantle
252. Core formation by giant impacts
253. Magma ocean formation due to giant impacts
254. Inhomogeneous accumulation of the earth from the primitive solar nebula
255. Volatile-rich mantle fluids inferred from inclusions in diamond and mantle xenoliths
256. The nature of the subcontinental mantle: Constraints from the major-element composition of continental flood basalts
257. Shock wave equation of state of serpentine to 150 GPa: Implications for the occurrence of water in the Earth's lower mantle
258. Serpentine stability to mantle depths and subduction-related magmatism
259. An experimental determination of primary carbonatite composition
260. Distribution of fluids in the continental mantle
261. Yield strength at high pressure and temperature
262. Formation of the earth
263. On the possibility of a metallic modification of hydrogen
264. The temperature contrast across D"
265. Pressure induced changes in bonding and orientation of hydrogen in FeOOH-goethite
266. 2O on the 410 km seismic discontinuity
267. Hydrogen: An important constituent of the core?
268. Mantle oxidation state and its relationship to tectonic environment and fluid speciation
269. The energetics and structure of the hydrogarnet defect in grossular-a computer-simulation study
270. 6]
271. 2
272. 2O
273. 2: A fully hydrated analogue of topaz
274. 2O (MSH): What about hydrous MSH phases in subduction zones?
275. 2O (MSH)
276. 2O by carbonates, amphibole and phlogopite
277. Iron hydride formed by the reaction of iron, silicate, and water-implications for the light-element of the Earth's core
278. 2O
279. 2O at high pressures and high-temperatures-stability field for hydroxylchondrodite, hydroxyl-clinohumite, and 10 Å-phase
280. 2- a new hydrous phase isostructural with aenigmatite
281. Crystal structure of the dense hydrous magnesium silicate, phase D
282. Crystal structure of the dense hydrous magnesium silicate, phase D
283. Instellar organic matter in meteorites
284. 2O system and the related metamorphic facies
285. 4 and coexisting olivine: Implications for mantle evolution and dynamics
286. Evolution of a steam atmosphere during earth's accretion
287. Internal structure and early thermal evolution of Mars from mars global surveyor topography and gravity