Extensional fault kinematics within the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand: Soft-linked segmentation of a continental rift system

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

Volumn 44, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 271-283

  Rowland, J V ^a   Sibson, R H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Accommodation zone; Normal fault; Orthogonal extension; Rift segmentation; Ruaumoko Rift System; Taupo Fault Belt; Taupo Volcanic Zone

Indexed keywords

CRUSTAL DEFORMATION; EXTENSIONAL TECTONICS; KINEMATICS; NORMAL FAULT; QUATERNARY; VOLCANISM;

NEW ZEALAND; NORTH ISLAND; TAUPO VOLCANIC ZONE;

EID: 0034891136     PISSN: 00288306     EISSN: 11758791     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00288306.2001.9514938     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Anderson, E. M., 1951. The dynamics of faulting and dyke formation with application to Britain., 2nd ed., Edinburgh:Oliver and Boyd.
2. Anderson, H., and Webb, T. H., 1989. The rupture process of the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 32:43–52.
3. Beanland, S., 1981. The Rotokawau eruption, Auckland, New Zealand:University of Auckland. Unpublished BSc (Hons) project
4. Beanland, S., 1995. The North Island Dextral Fault Belt, Hikurangi Subduction Margin, New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand:Victoria University of Wellington. Unpublished PhD thesis
5. Beanland, S., Blick, G. H., and Darby, D. J., 1990. Normal faulting in a back arc basin:geological and geodetic characteristics of the 1987 Edgecumbe earthquake, New Zealand. Journal of Geophysical Research, 95(B4):4693–4707.
6. Berryman, K., and Villamor, P., 1999. Spatial and temporal zoning of faulting in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, Geological Society of New Zealand Miscellaneous Publication 107A 15
7. Bibby, H. M., Caldwell, T G., Davey, F. J., and Webb, T. H., 1995. Geophysical evidence on the structure of the Taupo Volcanic Zone and its hydrothermal circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 68:29–58.
8. Bryan, C. J., Sherburn, S., Bibby, H. M., Bannister, S. C., and Hurst, A. W., 1999. Shallow seismicity of the central Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand:its distribution and nature. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 42:533–542.
9. Caputo, R., 1995. Evolution of orthogonal sets of coeval extension joints. Terra Nova, 7:479–490.
10. Cartwright, J. A., Mansfield, C., and Trudgill, B., 1996. “The growth of normal faults by segment linkage”. In Modern developments in structural interpretation, validation and modelling, Geological Society Special Publication 99 Edited by:Buchanan, P. G., and Nieuwland, D. A., 163–177.
11. Cochrane, G. R., and Tianfeng, W., 1983. Interpretation of structural characteristics of the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, from Landsat imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 4(1):111–128.
12. Cole, J. W., 1990. Structural control and origin of volcanism in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Bulletin of Volcanology, 52:445–459.
13. Coward, M. P., Dewey, J. F., and Hancock, P. L., 1987. Continental extensional tectonics. Geological Society Special Publication, 28:1–637.
14. Curewitz, D., and Karson, J. A., 1997. Structural settings of hydrothermal outflow:fracture permeability maintained by fault propagation and interaction. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 79:149–168.
15. Darby, D. J., and Meertens, C. M., 1995. Terrestrial and GPS measurements of deformation across the Taupo back arc and Hikurangi forearc regions in New Zealand. Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(B5):8221–8232.
16. Darby, D. J., Hodgkinson, K. M., and Blick, G. H., 2000. Geodetic measurements of deformation in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand:the north Taupo network revisited. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 43:157–170.
17. Davy, B. W., and Caldwell, T. G., 1998. Gravity, magnetic and seismic surveys of the caldera complex, Lake Taupo, North Island, New Zealand. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 81:69–89.
18. DeMets, C., Gordon, R. G., Argus, D. F., and Stein, S., 1994. Effect of recent revisions to the geomagnetic reversal time scale on estimates of current plate motions. Geophysical Research Letters, 21:2191–2194.
19. Destro, N., 1995. Release fault:a variety of cross fault in linked extensional fault systems, in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, NE Brazil. Journal of Structural Geology, 17:615–629.
20. Gamble, J. A., Wright, I. C., and Baker, J. A., 1993. Seafloor geology and petrology in the oceanic to continental transition zone of the Kermadec-Havre-Taupo Volcanic Zone arc system, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 36:417–435.
21. Gawthorpe, R. L., and Hurst, J. M., 1993. Transfer zones in extensional basins:their structural style and influence on drainage development and stratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 150:1137–1152.
22. Gibbs, A. D., 1984. Structural evolution of extensional basin margins. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 141:609–620.
23. Graham, I. J., Cole, J. W., Briggs, R. M., Gamble, J. A., and Smith, I. E. M., 1995. Petrology and petrogenesis of volcanic rocks from the Taupo Volcanic Zone:a review. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 68:59–87.
24. Grindley, G. W., 1959. Sheet N85—Waiotapu. Geological map of New Zealand, 1:63 360, Wellington, New Zealand:Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.
25. Grindley, G. W., 1960. Sheet 8—Taupo. Geological map of New Zealand, 1:250 000, Wellington, New Zealand:Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.
26. Grindley, G. W., 1963. Geology and structure of Waiotapu geothermal field. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Bulletin, 155:10–25.
27. Grindley, G. W., 1965. The geology, structure, and exploitation of the Wairakei Geothermal Field, Taupo, New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin ns, 75:1–131.
28. Grindley, G. W., Mumme, T. C., and Kohn, B. P., 1994. Stratigraphy, paleomagnetism, geochronology and structure of silicic volcanic rocks, Waiotapu/Paeroa Range area, New Zealand. Geothermics, 23(5/6):473–499.
29. Healy, J., Schofield, J. C., and Thompson, B. N., 1964. Sheet 5— Rotorua. Geological map of New Zealand, 1:250 000, Wellington, New Zealand:Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.
30. Houghton, B. F., Wilson, C. J. N., Lloyd, E. R., Gamble, J. A., and Kolelaar, B. P., 1987. A catalogue of basaltic deposits within the central Taupo Volcanic Zone. New Zealand Geological Survey Record, 78:95–101.
31. Houghton, B. F., Wilson, C. J. N., McWilliams, M. O., Lanphere, M. A., Weaver, S. D., Briggs, R. M., and Pringle, M. S., 1995. Chronology and dynamics of a large silicic magmatic system:central Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Geology, 23:13–16.
32. McClay, K. R., and White, M. J., 1995. Analogue modelling of orthogonal and oblique rifting. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 12(2):137–151.
33. Morewood, N. C., and Roberts, G. P., 1997. Geometry, kinematics and rates of deformation in a normal fault segment boundary, central Greece. Geophysical Research Letters, 24:3081–3084.
34. Morley, C. K., Nelson, R. A., Patton, T. L., and Munn, S. G., 1990. Transfer zones in the East African Rift System and their relevance to hydrocarbon exploration in rifts. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 74:1234–1253.
35. Nairn, LA. 1981. Some studies of the geology, volcanic history, and geothermal resources of the Okataina volcanic centre, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, Wellington, New Zealand:Victoria University of Wellington. Unpublished PhD thesis
36. Nairn, I. A., 1989. Sheet V16 AC—Mount Tarawera, Geological map of New Zealand, 1:50 000, Wellington, New Zealand:Department of Scientific and Industrial Research.
37. Nairn, I. A., and Cole, J. W., 1981. Basalt dikes in the 1886 Tarawera Rift. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 24:585–592.
38. Nairn, I. A., Wood, C. P., and Bailey, R. A., 1994. The Reporoa caldera, Taupo Volcanic Zone:source of the Kaingaroa ignimbrites. Bulletin of Volcanotogy, 56:529–537.
39. Nairn, I., Kobayashi, T, and Nakagawa, M., 1998. The ∼10 ka multiple vent pyroclastic eruption sequence at Tongariro Volcanic Centre, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand:Part 1. Eruptive processes during regional extension. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 86:19–44.
40. Northey, D. J., 1983. Seismic studies of the structure beneath Lake Taupo, Wellington, New Zealand:Victoria University of Wellington. Unpublished PhD thesis
41. Olsen, K. H., and Morgan, P., 1995. “Progress in understanding continental rifts”. In Continental rifts:evolution, structure, tectonics, Developments in Geo-tectonics 25, Publication 264 Edited by:Olsen, K. H., 3–26. International Lithosphere Program.
42. Peacock, D. C. P., and Sanderson, D. J., 1991. Displacements, segment linkage and relay ramps in normal fault zones. Journal of Structural Geology, 13:721–733.
43. Pollard, D. D., Segall, P., and Delaney, P. T., 1982. Formation and interpretation of dilatent echelon cracks. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 93:1291–1303.
44. Roberts, A. M., Yielding, G., and Freeman, B., eds. 1991. The geometry of normal faults, Geological Society Special Publication 56 1–264.
45. Rosendahl, B. R., Reynolds, D., Lorber, P., Burgess, C., McGill, L, Scott, D., Lambiase, J., and Derksen, S., 1986. “Structural expressions of rifting:lessons from Lake Tanganyika”. In Sedimentation in the East African Rifts, Geological Society of London Special Publication 25 Edited by:Frostick, L. E., 29–43.
46. Sissons, B. A., 1979. The horizontal kinematics of the North Island of New Zealand, 118Wellington, New Zealand:Victoria University of Wellington. Unpublished PhD thesis
47. Smith, E. G. C., and Webb, T. H., 1986. The seismicity and related deformation of the Central Volcanic Region, North Island, New Zealand. In:Smith, I. E. M. Late Cenozoic volcanism in New Zealand. Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin, 23:112–133.
48. Steiner, A., 1977. The Wairakei geothermal area, North Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin, 90:1–136.
49. Stern, T. A., 1985. A back-arc basin formed within continental lithosphere:the Central Volcanic Region of New Zealand. In:Kobayashi K., Sacks I. S. ed. Structures and processes in subduction zones. Tectonophysics, 112:385–409.
50. Stern, T. A., and Davey, F. J., 1987. A seismic investigation of the crustal and upper mantle structure within the Central Volcanic Region of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 30:217–231.
51. Trudgill, B., and Cartwright, J., 1994. Relay-ramp forms and normal-fault linkages, Canyonlands National Park, Utah. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 106:1143–1157.
52. Villamor, P., and Berryman, K., 2001. A late Quaternary extension rate in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, derived from fault slip data. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 44:243–270.
53. Walsh, J. J., and Watterson, J., 1991. “Geometric and kinematic coherence and scale effects in normal fault systems”. In The geometry of normal faults, Geological Society Special Publication 56 Edited by:Roberts, A. M., 193–203.
54. Webb, T. H., and Anderson, H., 1998. Focal mechanisms of large earthquakes in the North Island of New Zealand:slip partitioning at an oblique active margin. Geophysical Journal International, 134:40–86.
55. Webb, T. H., Ferris, B. G., and Harris, J. S., 1986. The Lake Taupo, New Zealand, earthquake swarms of 1983. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 29:377–389.
56. Wilson, C. I. N., 1993. Stratigraphy, chronology, styles and dynamics of late Quaternary eruptions from Taupo Volcano, New Zealand. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A, 343:205–306.
57. Wilson, C. J. N., Houghton, B. R, McWilliams, M. O., Lanphere, M. A., Weaver, S. D., and Briggs, R. M., 1995. Volcanic and structural evolution of Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand:a review. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 68:1–28.
58. Wright, I. C., 1992. Shallow structure and active tectonism of an offshore continental back-arc spreading system:the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Marine Geology, 103:287–309.