Immunological genomics of Brugia malayi: Filarial genes implicated in immune evasion and protective immunity

Parasite Immunology

Volumn 23, Issue 7, 2001, Pages 327-344

  Maizels, Rick M ^a   Blaxter, Mark L ^a   Scott, Alan L ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

Antigens; Cytokine homologues; Filariasis; Inhibitors; Vaccine

Indexed keywords

ASPARTIC PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; CHITINASE; CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; CYTOKINE; CYTOKINE RECEPTOR; ENZYME INHIBITOR; FATTY ACID AND RETINOL BINDING PROTEIN; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; MEMBRANE PROTEIN; NEMATODE POLYPROTEIN ALLERGEN; PARASITE ANTIGEN; PROTEIN BM 24; PROTEIN BM ALT 1; PROTEIN BM ALT 2; PROTEIN BM GLT 3; PROTEIN BM GLT 4; PROTEIN BM LID 1; PROTEIN BM SHP 1; PROTEIN BM SHP 2; PROTEIN BM SXP 1; PROTEIN BM TGH 1; PROTEIN BM VAL 1; PROTEIN MF 22; PROTEIN MIF 2; SERINE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; THIOREDOXIN PEROXIDASE; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR; TUMOR PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VACCINE;

ARTICLE; BIOCHEMISTRY; BRUGIA MALAYI; DATA BASE; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAG; GENE SEQUENCE; GENETIC CODE; HELMINTH; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNITY; IMMUNOGENETICS; LARVA; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MOLECULAR GENETICS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALS; ANTIGENS, BACTERIAL; ANTIGENS, HELMINTH; BRUGIA MALAYI; GENES, HELMINTH; HELMINTH PROTEINS; WOLBACHIA;

BRUGIA MALAYI; INVERTEBRATA; MAMMALIA; METAZOA; NEMATODA; VERMES;

EID: 0034850180     PISSN: 01419838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3024.2001.00397.x     Document Type: Article

References (127)

1. Host-vector-parasite relationships in human filariasis
2. Longevity of microfilariae following removal of the adult worms
3. Immunological modulation and evasion by helminth parasites in human populations
4. Deep within the filarial genome: An update on progress in the Filarial Genome Project
5. Viral mechanisms of immune evasion
6. Viral subversion of the immune system
7. Filarial nematode parasites secrete a homologue of the human cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor
8. Identification of Bm-tgh-2, a filarial nematode homolog of C.elegans daf-7 and human TGF-β, expressed in microfilarial and adult stages of Brugia malayi
9. Alternatively activated macrophages induced by nematode infection inhibit proliferation via cell to cell contact
10. Immunological tolerance: The key feature in human filariasis?
11. Immunologic tolerance in lymphatic filariasis. Diminished parasite-specific T and B cell lymphocyte precursor frequency in the microfilaremic state
12. Identification of the major soluble cuticular protein of lymphatic filarial nematode parasites (gp29) as a secretory homolog of glutathione peroxidase
13. A novel member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily from the filarial nematodes Brugia malayi and B pahangi
14. Differentially expressed, abundant trans-spliced cDNAs from larval Brugia malayi
15. The abundant larval transcript 1/2 genes of Brugia malayi encode stage-specific candidate vaccine antigens for filariasis
16. Genome sequence of Caenorhabditis elegans: A platform for investigating biology
17. Genes expressed in Brugia malayi infective third stage larvae
18. The filarial genome project: Analysis of the nuclear, mitochondrial and endosymbiont genomes of Brugia malayi
19. Conservation of primary sequence of gp29, the major soluble cuticular glycoprotein, in three species of lymphatic filariae
20. Caenorhabditis elegans is a nematode
21. Filarial surface antigens: The major 29 kilodalton glycoprotein and a novel 17-200 kilodalton complex from adult Brugia malayi parasites
22. Heterologous expression and enzymatic properties of a selenium-independent glutathione peroxidase from the parasitic nematode Brugia pahangi
23. Brugia pahangi: The cuticular glutathione peroxidase (gp29) protects heterologous membranes from lipid peroxidation
24. The biochemical and immunochemical characterisation of the 30 kilodalton surface antigen of Brugia pahangi
25. Molecular modelling and epitope prediction of gp29 from lymphatic filariae
26. Localization, turnover and conservation of gp15/400 in different stages of Brugia malayi
27. Brugia pahangi and Brugia malayi: A surface-associated glycoprotein (gp15/400) is composed of multiple tandemly repeated units and processed from a 400-kDa precursor
28. Brugia malayi: The diagnostic potential of recombinant excretory/secretory antigens
29. Fine specificity of the genetically controlled immune response to native and recombinant gp15/400 (polyprotein allergen) of Brugia malayi
30. The nematode polyprotein allergens/antigens
31. Carboxy-terminal sequence divergence and processing of the polyprotein antigen from Dirofilaria immitis
32. Primary structure of and immunoglobulin E response to the repeat subunit of gp15/400 from human lymphatic filarial parasites
33. The gp15/400 polyprotein antigen of Brugia malayi binds fatty acids and retinoids
34. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel neutrophil chemotactic factor from a filarial parasite
35. Cross-reactive surface antigens on three stages of Brugia malayi. B. pahangi and B timori
36. Secreted and circulating antigens of the filarial parasite Brugia pahangi: Analysis of vitro released components and detection of parasite products in vivo
37. cDNA clones of Onchocerca volvulus low molecular weight antigens provide immunologically specific diagnostic probes
38. Molecular cloning and characterization of Onchocystatin, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor of Onchocerca volvulus
39. A filarial cysteine protease inhibitor down-regulates T cell proliferation and enhances interleukin-10 production
40. Inhibition of mammalian legumain by some cystatins is due to a novel second reactive site
41. An asparaginyl endopeptidase processes a microbial antigen for class II MHC presentation
42. CPI-2, a cystatin homolog secreted by the filarial parasite Brugia malayi, inhibits class II MHC-restricted antigen processing
43. Biochemical and immunochemical characterisation of a 20-kilodalton complex of surface-associated antigens from adult Onchocerca gutturosa filarial nematodes
44. Comparative analysis of glycosylated and nonglycosylated filarial homologues of the 20-kilodalton retinol binding protein from Onchocerca volvulus (Ov20)
45. Onchocerca volvulus: Characterization of an immunodominant hypodermal antigen present in adult and larval parasites
46. The Ov20 protein of the parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus. A structurally novel class of small helix-rich retinol-binding proteins
47. Molecular cloning of the 22-24 kDa excretory-secretory 22U protein of Dirofilaria immitis and other filarial nematode parasites
48. Analysis of genes expressed at the infective larval stage validate the utility of Litomosoides sigmodontis as a murine model for filarial vaccine development
49. Molecular cloning and serological characterization of a Brugia malayi pepsin inhibitor homolog
50. Characterization of an immunodominant Onchocerca volvulus antigen with patient sera and a monoclonal antibody
51. Characterization of a recombinant Onchocerca volvulus antigen (Ov33) produced in yeast
52. Antigen processing for presentation by class II major histocompatibility complex requires cleavage by cathepsin E
53. Extracellular and cytoplasmic CuZn superoxide dismutases from Brugia lymphatic filarial nematode parasites
54. Brugia malayi: Localisation and differential expression of extracellular and cytoplasmic CuZn superoxide dismutases in adults and microfilariae
55. Brugia malayi: Differential susceptibility to and metabolism of hydrogen peroxide in adults and microfilariae
56. The isolation and purification of a specific 'protector' protein which inhibits enzyme inactivation by a thiol. Fe (III) O2 mixed-function oxidation system
57. Cloning and sequencing of thiol-specific antioxidant from mammalian brain: Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and thiol-specific antioxidant define a large family of antioxidant enzymes
58. Thioredoxin peroxidases from Brugia malayi
59. Molecular cloning of an enzymatically active thioredoxin peroxidase from Onchocerca volvulus
60. Thioredoxin peroxidase from Onchocerca volvulus: A major hydrogen peroxide detoxifying enzyme in filarial parasites
61. Functional and antigenic maturation of Brugia malayi microfilariae
62. Transmission-blocking antibodies recognize microfilarial chitinase in brugian lymphatic filariasis
63. Structure and function of a family of chitinase isozymes from Brugian microfilariae
64. Discrete transcripts encode multiple chitinase isoforms in Brugian microfilariae
65. Protein motifs in filarial chitinases
66. Protein motifs in filarial chitinases: An alternative view
67. Expression of recombinant microfilarial chitinase and analysis of domain function
68. Filarial chitinases
69. Identification of chitinase as the immunodominant filarial antigen recognized by sera of vaccinated rodents
70. Chitinase genes expressed by infective larvae of the filarial nematodes, Acanthocheilonema viteae and Onchocerca volvulus
71. Protective immunity in Bancroftian filariasis. Selective recognition of a 43-kD larval stage antigen by infection-free individuals in an endemic area
72. Cloning and characterization of a potentially protective chitinase-like recombinant antigen from Wuchereria bancrofti
73. A proline-rich structural protein of the surface sheath of larval Brugia filarial nematode parasites
74. The microfilarial sheath and its proteins
75. Expression of the microfilarial sheath protein 2 (shp2) of the filarial parasites. Litomosoides sigmodontis and Brugia malayi
76. A novel serpin expressed by the blood-borne microfilariae of the parasitic nematode Brugia malayi inhibits human neutrophil serine proteinases
77. The serpin secreted by Brugia malayi microfilariae, Bm-SPN-2, elicits strong, but short-lived, immune responses in mice and humans
78. Adult and microfilarial stages of the filarial parasite Brugia malayi stimulate contrasting cytokine and immunoglobulin isotype responses in BALB/c mice
79. Molecular cloning of a serine proteinase inhibitor from Brugia malayi
80. Serine proteinase inhibitors from nematodes and the arms race between host and pathogen
81. Antigenic analysis of Brugia timori, a filarial nematode of man: Initial characterisation by surface radio-iodination and evaluation of diagnostic potential
82. Nematode spliced leaders - Ubiquity, evolution and utility
83. An abundant, trans-spliced mRNA from Toxocara canis infective larvae encodes a 26 kDa protein with homology to phosphatidylethanolamine binding proteins
84. Molecular cloning of a developmentally regulated protein isolated from excretory-secretory products of larval Dirofilaria immitis
85. Characterization of an Onchocerca volvulus L3-specific larval antigen, Ov-ALT-1
86. Acanthochei-lonema viteae: Characterization of a molt-associated excretory/secretory 18-kDa protein
87. Characterization of a recombinant T cell and B cell reactive polypeptide of Onchocerca volvulus
88. Cloning and characterization of Ancylostoma-secreted protein. A novel protein associated with the transition to parasitism by infective hookworm larvae
89. A hookworm glycoprotein that inhibits neutrophil function is a ligand of the integrin CD11b/CD18
90. Angiogenic activity of Onchocerca volvulus recombinant proteins similar to vespid venom antigen 5
91. Ancylostoma secreted protein 2: Cloning and characterization of a second member of a family of nematode secreted proteins from Ancylostoma caninum
92. A survey of genes expressed in adults of the human hookworm Necator americanus
93. Evaluation of a recombinant parasite antigen for the diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis
94. A cloned antigen for serological diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaremia with daytime blood samples
95. The Wuchereria bancrofti orthologue of Brugia malayi SXP1 and the diagnosis of bancroftian filariasis
96. Molecular cloning of Brugia malayi antigens for diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis
97. Evaluation of recombinant chitinase and SXP1 antigens as antimicrofilarial vaccines
98. A most interesting factor
99. Intracellular action of the cytokine MIF to modulate AP-1 activity and the cell cycle through Jab1
100. Antigen presenting cells from mice harboring the filarial nematode, Brugia malayi, prevent cellular proliferaton but not cytokine production
101. Requirement for in vivo production of IL-4, but not IL-10, in the induction of proliferative suppression by filarial parasites
102. Regulation of immune responses by TGF-β
103. Control of C.elegans larval development by neuronal expression of a TGF-β homolog
104. A member of the TGF-β receptor gene family in the parasitic nematode Brugia
105. Gene structure, activity and localization of a catalase from intracellular bacteria in Onchocerca volvulus
106. Identification of abundantly-expressed novel and conserved genes from infective stage larvae of Toxocara canis by an expressed sequence tag strategy
107. Endosymbiotic bacteria in worms as targets for a novel chemotherapy in filariasis
108. Phylogeny of Wolbachia-like bacteria in filarial nematodes
109. Tetracycline therapy targets intracellular bacteria in the filarial nematode Litomosoides sigmodontis results in filarial infertility
110. Lipopolysaccharide-like molecules derived from Wolbachia endobacteria of the filaria Onchocerca volvulus are candidate mediators in the sequence of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses of human monocytes
111. Inflammatory responses induced by the filarial nematode Brugia malayi are mediated by lipopolysaccharide-like activity from endosymbiotic Wolbachia bacteria
112. Dipetalonema viteae: Phosphorylcholine and non-phosphorylcholine antigen determinants in infective larvae and adult worms
113. Phosphorylcholine-bearing antigens in filarial nematode parasites: Analysis of somatic extracts and in vitro secretions of Brugia malayi and B. pahangi and infection sera
114. Identification of phosphorylcholine epitope-containing antigens in Brugia malayi and relation of serum epitope levels to infection status of jirds with Brugian filariasis
115. Phosphocho-line-containing antigens of Brugia malayi nonspecifically supress lymphocyte function
116. Induction of signalling anergy via the T-cell receptor in cultured Jurkat T cells by pre-exposure to a filarial nematode secreted product
117. A phosphorylcholine-containing filarial nematode-secreted product disrupts B lymphocyte activation by targeting key proliferative signaling pathways
118. A filarial nematode-secreted product signals dendritic cells to acquire a phenotype that drives development of Th2 cells
119. Acanthocheilonema viteae: Phosphorylcholine is attached to the major excretory-secretory product via an N-linked glycan
120. Characterisation of the phosphorylcholine-containing N-linked oligosaccharides in the excretory-secretory 62 kDa glycoprotein of Acanthocheilonema viteae
121. MHC and non-MHC restricted recognition of filarial surface antigens in mice transplanted with adult Brugia malayi parasites
122. Heterologous expression of the cuticular glutathione peroxidase of lymphatic filariae in an attenuated vaccine strain of Salmonella typhimurium abrogates H-2 restriction of specific antibody responses
123. The X-ray structure of a divergent cyclophilin from the nematode parasite Brugia malayi
124. Vaccination against helminth parasites: The ultimate challenge for immunologists?