Increased luminescent lifetimes of Ln3+ complexes emitting in the near-infrared as a result of deuteration

European Journal of Organic Chemistry

Volumn , Issue 21, 2001, Pages 4101-4106

  Hebbink, Gerald A ^a   Reinhoudt, David N ^a   Van Veggel, Frank C J M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Deuterium; Lanthanides; Ligand design; Luminescence; Sensitizers

Indexed keywords

DEUTERIUM; ERBIUM; LANTHANIDE; NEODYMIUM; YTTERBIUM;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL MODIFICATION; CHEMICAL REACTION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; HALF LIFE TIME; INFRARED RADIATION; LUMINESCENCE; MEASUREMENT; OSCILLATION; QUANTUM MECHANICS; REACTION ANALYSIS; SYNTHESIS; TELECOMMUNICATION; VIBRATION;

EID: 0034754980     PISSN: 1434193X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200111)2001:21<4101::AID-EJOC4101>3.0.CO;2-9     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. J. W. Hofstraat, M. P. Glide Wolbers, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, D. N. Reinhoudt, M. H. V. Werts, J. W. Verhoeven, J. Fluoresc. 1998, 8, 301-308.
2. M. D. McGehee, T. Bergstedt, C. Zhang, A. P. Saab, M. B. O'Regan, G. C. Bazan, V. I. Srdanov, A. J. Heeger, Adv. Mater. 1999, 11, 1349-1354.
3. [3a] F. J. Steamers, W. Verboom, D. N. Reinhoudt, E. B. van der Tol, J. W. Verhoeven, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 9408-9414.
4. [3b] M. H. V. Werts, R. H. Woudenberg, P. G. Emmerink, R. van Gassel, J. H. Hofstraat, J. W. Verhoeven, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 4542-4544.
5. W. J. Miniscalco, J. Lightwave Tech. 1991, 9, 234-250.
6. L. H. Slooff, A. Polman, M. P. Oude Wolbers, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, D. N. Reinhoudt, J. W. Hofstraat, J. Appl. Phys. 1998, 83, 497-503.
7. [6a] W. De W. Horrocks, D. R. Sudnick, Acc. Chem. Res. 1981, 14, 384-392.
8. [6b] A. Beeby, I. M. Clarkson, R. S. Dickins, S. Faulkner, D. Parker, L. Royle, A. S. De Sousa, J. A. G. Williams, M. Woods, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1999, 493-503.
9. [7a] M. p. Oude Wolbers, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, J. W. Hofstraat, F. A. J. Geurts, D. N. Reinhoudt, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1997, 2275-2282.
10. [7b] M. P. Oude Wolbers, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, B. H. M. Snellink-Ruël, J. W. Hofstraat, F. A. J. Geurts, D. N. Reinhoudt, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 138-144.
11. [7c] M. P. Oude Wolbers, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, B. H. M. Snellink-Ruël, J. W. Hofstraat, F. A. J. Geurts, B. N. Reinhoudt, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2 1998, 2141-2150.
12. M. P. Oude Wolbers, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, F. G. A. Peters, E. S. E. van Beelen, J. W. Hofstraat, F. A. J. Geurts, D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Eur. J. 1998, 4, 772-780.
13. S. I. Klink, G. A. Hebbink, L. Grave, F. G. A. Peters, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, D. N. Reinhoudt, J. W. Hofstraat, Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2000, 10, 1923-1931.
14. L. H. Slooff, M. J. H. de Dood, A. van Blaaderen, A. Polman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2000, 76, 3682-3684.
15. Y. Hasegawa, T. Ohkubo, K. Sogabe, Y. Kawamura, Y. Wada, N. Nakashima, S. Yanagida, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 357-360.
16. L. H. Slooff, A. Polman, S. I. Klink, G. A. Hebbink, L. Grave, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, D. N. Reinhoudt, J. W. Hofstraat, Opt. Mat. 2000, 14, 101-107.
17. S. I. Klink, H. Keizer, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 4319-4321.
18. S. I. Klink, G. A. Hebbink, L. Grave, F. C. J. M. van Veggel, D. N. Reinhoudt, L. H. Slooff, A. Polman, J. W. Hofstraat, J. Appl. Phys. 1999, 86, 1181-1185.
19. F. C. J. M. van Veggel, M. P. Oude Wolbers, D. N. Reinhoudt, J. Phys. Chem. 1998, 102, 3060-3066.
20. OPLS: Optimized Potentials for Liquid Simulations: W. L. Jorgensen, J. Phys. Chem. 1986, 90, 1276-1284.
21. F. C. J. M. van Veggel, D. N. Reinhoudt, Chem. Eur. J. 1999, 5, 90-95.
22. M. Tramontini, L. Angiolini, Tetrahedron 1990, 46, 1791-1837, and references cited therein.
23. K. E. Koenig, G. M. Lein, P. Stuckler, T. Kaneda, D. J. Cram, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1979, 101, 3553-3566.
24. M. Hesse, H. Meier, B. Zeeh, Spektroskopische Methoden in der Organischen Chemie, 4th ed., Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York, 1991.
25. 3+ transition from the same excited level as the 1060- and 1330-nm emissions and therefore present in the emission spectrum, but this transition could not be detected with the detector used.
26. [22a] V. L. Ermolaev, E. B. Sveshnikova, Russ. Chem. Rev. 1994, 63, 905-922, and references cited therein.
27. [22b] Y. Haas, G. Stein, J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 3668-3681.
28. [22c] J. L. Kropp, M. W. Windsor, J. Chem. Phys. 1965, 42, 1599-1605.
29. [22d] H. Takalo, E. Hänninen, J. Kankare, Helv. Chim. Acta 1993, 76, 877-883.
30. [22e] I. Hemmilä, V.-M. Mukkala, H. Takalo, J. Fluoresc. 1995, 5, 159-164.
31. MB is a mixture of dithioerythritol and dithiothreitol, 1:5 (by wt.).
32. As this reaction is very sensitive to the conditions used, the different quality of formaldehyde meant that some alterations in the procedure were necessary.
33. [7b]