Topology of the fittest transportation networks

Physical Review Letters

Volumn 84, Issue 20, 2000, Pages 4745-4748

  Banavar, Jayanth R ^a   Colaiori, Francesca ^b   Flammini, Alessandro ^c   Maritan, Amos ^d,e   Rinaldo, Andrea ^f  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^d SISSA   (Italy)

^e INFM   (Italy)

^f UNIVERSITY OF PADOVA   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MODEL; TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT;

MODELS, CARDIOVASCULAR; TRANSPORTATION;

EID: 0034656641     PISSN: 00319007     EISSN: 10797114     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.84.4745     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. P. S. Stevens, Patterns in Nature (Little, Brown, Boston, 1974).
2. P. Ball, The Self-Made Tapestry: Pattern Formation in Nature (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998).
3. P. G. Doyle and J. L. Snell, Random Walk and Electric Networks (American Mathematical Society, Providence, 1989).
4. T. A. McMahon and J. T. Bonner, On Size and Life (Scientific American Library, New York, 1983).
5. I. Rodriguez-Iturbe and A. Rinaldo, Fractal River Basins: Chance and Self-Organization (Cambridge University Press, New York, 1997).
6. D. Dhar and R. Ramaswamy, Phys. Rev. Lett., 63, 1659–1662 (1989).
7. P. Bak, How Nature Works: The Science of Self-organized Criticality (Copernicus, New York, 1996).
8. C. H. Liu, S. R. Nagel, D. A. Schecter, S. N. Coppersmith, S. Majumdar, O. Narayan and T. A. Witten, Science, 269, 513–515 (1995).
9. M. W. Bern and R. L. Graham, Sci. Am., 260, No. 1, 66–71 (1989).
10. A. L. Barabasi, Phys. Rev. Lett., 76, 3750–3753 (1996).
11. R. K. Ahuja, T. L. Magnanti and J. B. Orlin, Network Flows (Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1993).
12. J. P. Straley and S. W. Kenkel, Phys. Rev. B, 29, 6299–6305 (1984).
13. A. Maritan, F. Colaiori, A. Flammini, M. Cieplak and J. R. Banavar, Science, 272, 984–986 (1996).
14. R. Blumenfeld, Y. Meir, A. B. Harris and A. Aharony, J. Phys. A, 19, L791–L796 (1986).
15. R. L. Shreve, J. Geol., 74, 17 (1966).
16. S. S. Manna, D. Dhar and S. N. Majumdar, Phys. Rev. A, 46, R4471–R4474 (1992).
17. C. M. Fortuin and W. Kasteleyn, Physica (Utrecht), 57, 536–564 (1972).
18. F. Y. Wu, Rev. Mod. Phys., 54, 235–268 (1982).
19. J. R. Banavar, A. Maritan and A. Rinaldo, Nature (London), 398, 130–132 (1999).
20. Y. Gazit, D. A. Berk, M. Leunig, L. T. Baxter and R. K. Jain, Phys. Rev. Lett., 75, 2428–2431 (1995).
21. A. E. Scheidegger, Bull. Assoc. Sci. Hydrol., 12, 15 (1967).
22. H. Takayasu, M. Takayasu, A. Provata and G. Huber, J. Stat. Phys., 65, 725–745 (1991);
23. S. N. Majumdar and C. Sire, Phys. Rev. Lett., 71, 3729 (1993).
24. M. R. Swift, F. Colaiori, A. Flammini, A. Maritan, A. Giacometti and J. R. Banavar, Phys. Rev. Lett., 79, 3278–3281 (1997).
25. J. M. Liggett, Interacting Particle Systems (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1985).
26. E. Bonabeau, L. Dagorn and P. Freon, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 96, 4472–4477 (1999).