Hyper-reflexia without spasticity after unilateral infarct of the medullary pyramid

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

Volumn 175, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 145-155

  Sherman, S J ^a   Koshland, G F ^a   Laguna, J F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

Author keywords

Pyramidal infarct; Quick stretch; ; Spasticity; ; Stroke; Tendon tap;

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; BICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CASE REPORT; CLINICAL EXAMINATION; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; HUMAN; HYPERREFLEXIA; INSTRUMENT; MALE; MEDULLA OBLONGATA; MUSCLE ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION; MUSCLE STRETCHING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PYRAMIDAL TRACT; SPASTICITY; STROKE; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; TENDON REFLEX;

AGED; CEREBRAL INFARCTION; HUMANS; MALE; MEDULLA OBLONGATA; MOVEMENT; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PARESIS; REFLEX; TENDONS;

EID: 0034656250     PISSN: 0022510X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-510X(00)00299-9     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Dum R.P., Strick P.L. The corticospinal system: a structural framework for the central control of movement. Rowell L.B., Shepherd J.T. Handbook of physiology. Exercise: regulation and integration of multiple systems. 1996;217-254 American Physiological Society, New York. section 12.
2. Porter R., Lemon R. Corticospinal function and voluntary movement. 1995;350-362 Claredon Press, Oxford.
3. Davidoff R.A. The pyramidal tract. Neurology. 40:1990;332-339.
4. Burke D. Spasticity as an adaptation to pyramidal tract injury. Waxman S.G. Advances in neurology. Functional recovery in neurological disease. vol. 47:1988;401-423 Raven Press, New York.
5. Landau W.M. Spasticity: the fable of a neurological demon and the emperor’s new therapy. Arch Neurol. 31:1974;217-219.
6. Thilman A.F., Fellows S.J. The time-course of bilateral changes in reflex excitability of relaxed triceps surae muscle in human hemiparetic spasticity. J Neurol. 238:1991;293-298.
7. Young R.R. Spasticity: a review. Neurology. 44:1994;S12-S20.
8. Burke D., Gillies J.D., Lance J.W. Hamstring stretch reflex in human spasticity. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 34:(3):1971;231-235.
9. Tower S.S. Pyramidal lesion in the monkey. Brain. 63:1940;36-90.
10. Gilman S., Marco L.A. Effects of medullary pyramidotomy in the monkey. Brain. 94:1971;495-514.
11. Lawrence D.G., Kuypers H.G.J.M. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey. Brain. 91:1968;1-36.
12. Bucy P.C., Keplinger J.E., Siquiera E.B. Destruction of the ’pyramidal tract’ in man. J Neurosurg. 21:1964;385-398.
13. Ropper A.C., Fisher C.M., Kleinman G.M. Pyramidal infarction in the medulla: a cause of pure motor hemiplegia sparing the face. Neurology. 29:1979;91-95.
14. Chokroverty S., Frank R.A., Haller C. Pure motor hemiplegia due to pyramidal infarction. Arch Neurol. 32:1975;647-648.
15. Fisher C.M., Curry H.B. Pure motor hemiplegia of vascular origin. Arch Neurol. 13:1965;30-43.
16. Brown J.W., Fang H.C. Spastic hemiplegia in man: lack of flaccidity in lesion of pyramidal tract. Neurology. 11:1961;829-835.
17. Tyler K.L., Sandberg E., Baum K.F. Medial medullary syndrome in meningovascular syphilis: a case report in an HIV-infected man and a review of the literature. Neurology. 44:1994;2231-2235.
18. Powers R.K., Campbell D.L., Rymer W.Z. Stretch reflex dynamics in spastic elbow flexor muscles. Ann Neurol. 25:1989;32-42.
19. Gemperline J.J., Allen S., Walk D., Rymer W.Z. Characteristics of motor unit discharge in subjects with hemiparesis. Muscle Nerve. 18:1995;1101-1114.
20. Thilman A.F., Fellows S.J., Garms E. The mechanism of spastic muscle hypertonus: variation in reflex gain over the time course of spasticity. Brain. 114:1991;233-244.
21. Thilman A.F., Fellow S.J., Garms E. Pathological stretch reflexes on the ’good’ side of hemiparetic patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 53:1990;208-214.
22. Phillips C.G., Porter R. Corticospinal neurones: their role in movement. 1977;Academic Press, London.
23. Wiesendanger M. The pyramidal tract. Its structure and function. Towe A.L., Luschei E.S. Handbook of behavioural neurobiology. 1981;1121-1147 Plenum Press, New York.
24. Kim J.S., Hyeon G.K., Chin S.C. Medial medullary syndrome: report of 18 new patients and a review of the literature. Stroke. 26:(9):1995;1543-1552.
25. Meyer J.S., Herndon R.M. Bilateral infarction of the pyramidal tracts in man. Neurology. 12:1962;637-642.
26. Paulson G.W., Yates A.J., Paltan-Ortiz J.D. Does infarction of the medullary pyramid lead to spasticity? Arch Neurol. 43:1986;93-95.
27. Leestma J.E., Noronha A. Pure motor hemiplegia, medullary pyramid lesion, and olivary hypertrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 39:1976;877-884.
28. Ashby P., Andrews C., Knowles L., Lance J.W. Pyramidal and extrapyramidal control of tonic mechanisms in the cat. Brain. 95:1972;21-30.
29. Burke D., Lynsday K., Colin A., Ashby P. Spasticity, decerebrate rigidity, and the clasp-knife phenomenon: an experimental study in the cat. Brain. 95:1972;31-48.
30. Katz R.T., Rymer W.Z. Spastic hypertonia: mechanisms and measurement. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 70:1989;144-155.
31. Nathan P.W. Effects on movement of surgical incisions into the human spinal cord. Brain. 117:1994;337-346.
32. Rothwell P. Control of human movement. 1994;217-385 Chapman & Hall, New York.
33. Marsden C.D., Merton P.A., Morton H.B. Stretch reflex and servo action in a variety of human muscles. J Physiol. 259:1976;531-560.
34. Van Boxtel A. Selective effects of vibration on monosynaptic and late EMG responses in human soleus muscle after stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve or a tendon tap. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 42:1979;935-1004.