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85088882842
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+ in the reaction medium.
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18
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7744232095
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note
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In these cases the time concentration profiles of the liberated phenols were not obtained because the spectrophotometric technique was not applicable due to the negligible dissociation of the liberated phenols in the reaction medium.
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20
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0025732504
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85088883225
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- is the active nucleophile under the given conditions.
-
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-
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24
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0000226316
-
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As pointed out by Kirsch and Jencks (ref.[2]), a discrete intermediate with definite stability is not strictly required for the argument. An equally acceptable description can be based on a skewed transition state, the nature of which changes as the leaving group becomes worse. For a discussion of a concerted mechanism for nucleophilic reactions of esters, see: a) J. P. Guthrie. J. Am. Chem. Soc: 1991, 113, 3941-3949 b) A. Williams Adv. Phys. Org. Chem. 1992, 27, 1-55.
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77956719139
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As pointed out by Kirsch and Jencks (ref.[2]), a discrete intermediate with definite stability is not strictly required for the argument. An equally acceptable description can be based on a skewed transition state, the nature of which changes as the leaving group becomes worse. For a discussion of a concerted mechanism for nucleophilic reactions of esters, see: a) J. P. Guthrie. J. Am. Chem. Soc: 1991, 113, 3941-3949 b) A. Williams Adv. Phys. Org. Chem. 1992, 27, 1-55.
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26
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85088883024
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note
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[12]). Thus a β value of 1.4 means that in terms of change of the charge of the leaving group the reaction has proceeded some 1.4/ 1.7 of the way toward completion.
-
-
-
-
27
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7744234974
-
-
note
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This assumption is probably optimistic. A lower basicity may result from electrostatic repulsion between the protonated nitrogen and the divalent metal cation.
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28
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