Single particle and inorganic characterization of rainwater collected above the North Sea

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 256, Issue 2-3, 2000, Pages 133-150

  Jambers, W ^a   Dekov, V ^a   Van Grieken, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ANTWERP   (Belgium)

Author keywords

EPXMA; North Sea; Rainwater; Suspended matter; Trace metals

Indexed keywords

RAIN; TRACE METAL;

DISSOLVED LOAD; PRECIPITATION QUALITY; RAINWATER; SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER;

AEROSOL; AIR POLLUTION; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FLAME PHOTOMETRY; ION PAIR CHROMATOGRAPHY; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; WATER ANALYSIS; WEATHER; X RAY ANALYSIS;

NORTH SEA;

EID: 0034632220     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00477-0     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. ASTM. Standard practice for handling of ultra pure water samples. Annual book of ASTM standards vol. 11.01 method D 1988:4453-4485.
2. Baeyens W., Dehairs F., Dedeurwaerder H. Wet and dry deposition fluxes above the North Sea. Atmos Environ. 24A:1990;1693-1703.
3. Benoliel M.J. Sample storage for inorganic compounds in surface water - a review. Int J Environ Anal Chem. 57:1994;197-206.
4. Bishop J.K.B., Biscaye P.E. Chemical characterization of individual particles from the nepheloid layer in the Atlantic Ocean. Earth Planet Sci Lett. 58:1982;265-275.
5. Bruynseels F., Storms H., Van Grieken R., Vander Auwera L. Characterisation of North Sea aerosols by individual particle analyses. Atmos Environ. 22:1988;2593-2602.
6. Buffle J., Perret D., Newman M. The use of filtration and ultrafiltration for size fractionation of aquatic particles, colloids and macromolecules. Buffle J., Van Leeuwen H.P. Environmental particles. 1992;171-230 Chelsea, Lewis Publishers.
7. Cawse PA. A survey of atmospheric trace elements in the UK 1972-73. AERE Harwell England: AERE Report R 7669, 1974.
8. Cawse P.A. Trace and major elements in the atmosphere at rural locations in Great Britain 1972-81. Coughtrey P.J., Martin M.H., Unsworth M.H. Pollutant transport and fate in ecosystems. 1972;1987 Oxford, Blackwell.
9. De Bock L.A., Van Malderen H, Van Grieken R.E. Individual aerosol particle composition variations in air masses crossing the North Sea. Environ Sci Technol. 28:1994;1513-1520.
10. Eisma D. Transport and deposition of suspended matter in the North Sea and the relation to coastal siltation, pollution, and bottom fauna distribution. Rev Aquatic Sci. 3:1990;181-216.
11. Fuzzi S. Clouds in the troposphere. In: Boutron CF, editor. Topics in atmospheric and interstellar physics and chemistry. Les editions de physique: Les Ulis, 1994: 290-308.
12. Galloway J.N., Likens G.E. Calibration of collection procedures for the determination of precipitation chemistry. Water Air Soil Pollut. 6:1976;241-258.
13. Hoornaert S., Van Malderen H., Van Grieken R. Gypsum and other calcium-rich aerosol particles above the North Sea. Environ Sci Technol. 30:1996;1515-1520.
14. Hov Ø, Allegrini I, Beilke S, Cox RA, Eliassen A, Elshout AJ, Gravenhorst G, Penkett SA, Stern R. Evaluation of atmospheric processes leading to acid deposition in Europe. Report EUR 11441. Commission of the European Community: Bruxelles, 1987.
15. Injuk J., Van Grieken R. Atmospheric concentrations and deposition of heavy metals over the North Sea: a literature review. J Atmos Chem. 20:1995;179-212.
16. Jambers W., Dekov V., Van Grieken R. Single particle characterisation of inorganic and organic North Sea suspension. Mar Chem. 67:1999;17-32.
17. Kane M.M., Rendell A.R., Jickells T.D. Atmospheric scavenging processes over the North Sea. Atmos Environ. 28:1994;2523-2530.
18. Laquer F.C. Sequential precipitation samplers: a literature review. Atmos Environ. 24A:1990;2289-2297.
19. Lim B., Jickells T.D., Davies T.D. Sequential sampling of particles, major ions and total trance metals in wet deposition. Atmos Environ. 25A:1991;745-762.
20. Natusch D.F.S., Wallace J.R., Evans C.A. Toxic trace elements: preferential concentration in respirable particles. Science. 183:1973;202-204.
21. Nguyen V.D., Valenta P., Nuernberg H.W. Voltammetry in the analysis of atmospheric pollutants: the determination of toxic trace metals in rain water and snow by differential pulse stripping voltammetry. Sci Total Environ. 12:1979;151-167.
22. Nolting R.F., Eisma D. Elemental composition of suspended particulate matter in the North Sea. Neth J Sea Res. 22:1988;219-236.
23. Pacyna J.M., Semb A., Hanssen J.E. Emission and long-range transport of trace elements in Europe. Tellus. 36B:1984;163-178.
24. Pattenden N.J., Branson J.R., Fisher E.M.R. Trace element measurements in wet and dry deposition and airborne particulate at an urban site. Georgii H.W., Pankrath J. Deposition of atmospheric pollutants. 1982;173-184 Dordrecht, Reidel.
25. Peirson D.H., Cawse P.A., Salmon L., Cambray R.S. Trace elements in the atmospheric environment. Nature. 241:1973;252-256.
26. Riley J.P., Chester R. Introduction to marine chemistry. 1971;London, Academic Press.
27. Salomons W. Chemical and isotopic composition of carbonates in recent sediments and soils from western Europe. J Sediment Petrol. 45:1975;440-449.
28. Struyf H., Van Grieken R. An overview of wet deposition of micropollutants to the North Sea. Atmos Environ. 27A:1993;2669-2687.
29. Taylor S.R., McLennan S.M. The continental crust: its composition and evaluation. 1985;Oxford, Blackwell.
30. Tsai W.T., Altwicker E.R., Asman W.A.H. Numerical simulation of wet scavenging of air pollutants-II. Modeling of rain composition at the ground. Atmos Environ. 24A:1990;2485-2498.
31. Van Malderen H., Hoornaert S., VanGrieken R. Using a combination of multivariate techniques for the identification of Cr, Pb and Zn containing particulate matter sampled above the Southern Bight of the North Sea. Environ Sci Technol. 30:1996;489-498.
32. Van Put A. Geochemical and morphological characterization of individual particles from the aquatic environment by EPXMA. Ph.D. Thesis. Antwerp: University of Antwerp, 1991.
33. Wadge A., Hutton M., Peterson P.J. The concentrations and particle size relationships of selected trace elements in fly ashes from UK coal-fired power plants and a refuse incinerator. Sci Total Environ. 54:1986;13-27.
34. Xhoffer C., Bernard P., VanGrieken R., VanderAuwera L. Chemical characterization and source apportionment of individual aerosol particles over the North Sea and the English Channel using multivariate techniques. Environ Sci Technol. 25:1991;1470-1478.
35. Xhoffer C., Wouters L., Van Grieken R. Characterization of individual particles in the North Sea surface microlayer and underlying seawater: comparison with atmospheric particles. Environ Sci Technol. 26:1992;2151-2162.