Effect of counselling mothers on their children's exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: Randomised controlled trial

British Medical Journal

Volumn 321, Issue 7257, 2000, Pages 337-342

  Hovell, Melbourne F ^a   Zakarian, Joy M ^a   Matt, Georg E ^a   Hofstetter, C Richard ^a   Bernert, J Thomas ^b   Pirkle, James ^b  

^a SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NATIONAL CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COTININE; TOBACCO SMOKE;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; COUNSELING; HUMAN; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MOTHER; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SMOKING; URINE LEVEL;

EID: 0034609248     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.321.7257.337     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. 1 World Health Organization, Division of Noncommunicable Diseases, Tobacco Free Initiative. International consultation on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and chid health. Consultation report. Geneva: WHO, 1999. www.who.int/toh/TFI/consult.htm (accessed 26 July 2000).
2. 2 Pirkle JL, Flegal KM, Bernert JT, Brody DJ, Etzel RA, Maurer KR. Exposure of the US population to environmental tobacco smoke. The third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988 to 1991. JAMA 1996;275:1233-40.
3. 3 Centers for Disease Control. State-specific prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults, and children's and adolescents' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke - United States, 1996. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rev 1997;46:1038-43.
4. 4 National Health and Medical Research Council. The health effects of passive smoking. Australia: NHMRC,1997.
5. 5 Physicians for a Smoke-Free Canada. Highlight sheet No. 1. Smoking in Canadian homes: Are children at risk? 1999. Available from: www.smoke-tree.ca/eng_home/news_press_Jun99.htm (accessed 26 July 2000).
6. 6 Jarvis MJ. Children's exposure to passive smoking: survey methodology and monitoring trends. Background paper. 1999. Available from: Tobacco Free Initiative www.who.int/toh/TFI/consult.htm (accessed 7 May 2000).
7. 7 US Department of Health and Human Services (PHS), NIH, US Environmental Protection Agency. Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: lung cancer and other disorders. Washington DC: Office of Research and Development, Office of Air and Radiation, 1993. (NIH publication No 93-3605.)
8. 8 Charlton A. Children and passive smoking: a review. J Fam Pract 1994;38:267-77.
9. 9 Klonoff-Cohen HS, Edelstein SL, Lefkowitz ES, Srinivasan IP, Kaegi D, Chang JC, et al. The effect of passive smoking and tobacco exposure through breast milk on sudden infant death syndrome. JAMA 1995:273:795-8.
10. 10 Adams EK, Melvin C, Merritt R, Worrall B. The costs of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS): an international review. 1999. Available from: Tobacco Free Initiative www.who.int/toh/TFI/consult.htm (accessed 7 May 2000).
11. 11 Greenberg RA, Strecher VJ, Bauman KE, Boat BW, Fowler MG, Keycs LL, et al. Evaluation of a home-based intervention program to reduce infant passive smoking and lower respiratory illness. J Behav Med 1994;17:273-90.
12. 12 Hovell MF, Meltzer SB, Zakarian JM, Wahlgren DR, Emerson JA, Hofstetter CR, et al. Reduction of environmental tobacco smoke exposure among asthmatic children: a controlled trial [published erratum appears in Chest 1995;107:1480]. Chest 1994;106:410-6.
13. 13 Wahlgren DR, Hovell MF, Meltzer SB, Hofstetter CR, Zakarian JM. Reduction of environmental tobacco smoke exposure in asthmatic children: a 2-year follow-up. Chest 1997;111:81-8.
14. 14 Schulte-Hobein B, Schwartz-Bickenbach D, Abt S, Plum C, Nan H. Cigarette smoke exposure and development of infants throughout the first year of life: influence of passive smoking and nursing on cotinine levels in breast milk and infant's urine. Acta Paediatr 1992;81:550-7.
15. 15 Mascola MA, Vunakis HV, Tager IB, Speizer FF, Hanrahan JP. Exposure of young infants to environmental tobacco smoke: breast-feeding among smoking mothers. Am J Public Health 1998;88:893-6.
16. 16 Mattanini MA, Thyer B, eds. Finding solutions to social problems: behavioral strategies for change. Washington DC: American Psychological Association, 1996.
17. 17 Hovell MF, Zakarian JM, Matt GE, Hofstetter CR, Bernert JT, Pirkle J. Decreasing environmental tobacco smoke exposure among low income children: preliminary findings. Tobacco Control 2000;9(suppl 3):iii0-1.
18. 18 Emerson JA, Hovell MF, Meltzer SB, Zakarian JM, Hofstetter CR, Wahlgren DR, et al. The accuracy of environmental tobacco smoke exposure measures among asthmatic children. J Clin Epidemiol 1995;48:1251-9.
19. 19 Matt GE, Hovell MF, Zakarian JM, Bernert JT, Pirkle JL, Hammond SK. Measuring second-hand tobacco smoke exposure in babies: the reliability and validity of mother-reports in a sample of low-income families. Health Psychol 2000;19:232-41.
20. 20 Hovell MF, Zakarian JM, Wahlgren DR, Matt GE, Emmons KM. Measurement of environmental tobacco smoke exposure: trials and tribulations. Tobacco Control 2000;9:0-6.
21. 21 Matt GE, Wahlgren DR, Hovell MF, Zakarian JM, Bernert JT, Meltzer SB, et al. Measuring ETS exposure in infants and young children through urine cotinine and memory-based parental reports: empirical findings and discussion. Tobacco Control 1999;8:282-9.
22. 22 Murray DM, O'Connell CM, Schmid LA, Perry CL. Validation of smoking by self-report by adolescents: a re-examination of the bogus pipeline procedures. Addict Behav 1987;12:7-15.
23. 23 Hammond SK, Leadrer BP. A diffusion monitor to measure exposure to passive smoking. Environ Sci Technol 1987;21:494-7.
24. 24 Leaderer BP, Hammond SK. Evaluation of vapor-phase nicotine and respirable suspended particle mass as markers for environmental tobacco smoke. Environ Sci Technol 1991;25:770-7.
25. 25 Diggle PJ, Liang KY, Zeger SL. Analysis of longitudinal data. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995.