Local delivery of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

Volumn 50, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 83-99

  Schwach Abdellaoui, K ^a   Vivien Castioni, N ^a   Gurny, R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Controlled drug delivery; Local antibiotherapy; Periodontal disease

Indexed keywords

ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ATRIDOX; ATRIGEL; CHLORHEXIDINE; CHLORHEXIDINE ACETATE; CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE; CLINDAMYCIN; DENTOMYCIN; DOXYCYCLINE; HISTATIN; METRONIDAZOLE; MINOCYCLINE; OFLOXACIN; PENICILLIN DERIVATIVE; PERIOCHIP; PERIOCLINE; SANGUINARINE; TETRACYCLINE; TETRACYCLINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CONTROLLED RELEASE FORMULATION; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; HUMAN; PERIODONTAL DISEASE; PERIODONTITIS; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS, LOCAL; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; HUMANS; PERIODONTAL DISEASES;

EID: 0034601246     PISSN: 09396411     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0939-6411(00)00086-2     Document Type: Review

References (100)

1. Proceedings of the International Workshop for the classification of periodontal diseases. Ann. Periodontol. 2000;. in press.
2. Marsh P.D. Host defences and microbial homeostasis: role of microbial interactions. J. Dent. Res. 68:1989;1567-1575.
3. Haffajee A.D., Socransky S.S. Microbial etiological agents of destructive periodontal disease. Periodontology. 2000:1994;78-111.
4. Moore W.E.C., Moore L.V.H. The bacteria of periodontal diseases. Periodontology. 2000:1994;66-77.
5. Kaldahl W.B., Kalkwarf K.L., Patil K.D. A review of longitudinal studies that compared periodontal therapies. J. Periodontol. 64:1993;243-253.
6. Baehni P.C. Supportive care of the periodontal patient. Curr. Opin. Periodontol. 4:1997;151-157.
7. Suomi J.D., West J.D., Chang J.J., McClendon B.J. The effect of controlled oral hygiene procedures on the progression of periodontal disease in adults: radiographic findings. J. Periodontol. 42:1971;562-564.
8. Becker W., Becker B.E., Berg L.E. Periodontal treatment without maintenance. A retrospective study in 44 patients. J. Periodontol. 55:1984;505-509.
9. Becker W., Berg L.E., Becker B.E. The long term evaluation of periodontal treatment and maintenance in 95 patients. Int. J. Periodontics Restorative Dent. 4:1984;54-71.
10. Noyan U., Yilmaz S., Kuru B., Kadir T., Acar O., Buget E. A clinical and microbiological evaluation of systemic and local metronidazole delivery in adult periodontitis patients. J. Clin. Periodontol. 24:1997;158-165.
11. Lindhe J., Nyman S. Long-term maintenance of patients treated for advanced periodontal disease. J. Clin. Periodontol. 11:1984;504-514.
12. Van Winkelhoff A.J., Winkel E.G. Periodontal infections and treatment. J. Parodontol. Implant. Orale. 15:1996;219-232.
13. Adriens P.A., Boever J.A., Loesche W.J. Bacterial invasion in root cementum and radicular dentin of periodontally diseased teeth in humans. J. Periodontol. 59:1988;222-230.
14. Gordon J., Walker C., Lamster I., West T., Socransky S., Seiger M., Fasciano R. Efficacy of clindamycin hydrochloride in refractory periodontitis. 12-month results. J. Periodontol. 56:1985;75-80.
15. Mombelli A., Van Winkelhoff A.J. The systemic use of antibiotics in periodontal therapy. Lang N.P., Karring T., Lindhe J. Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on Periodontology. 1997;38-77 Quintessence, London.
16. Bollen C.M., Quirynen M. Microbiological response to mechanical treatment in combination with adjunctive therapy. A review of the literature. J. Periodontol. 67:1996;1143-1158.
17. Vandekerckhove B.N.A., Quirynen M., VanSteenberghe D. The use of tetracycline-containing controlled release fibers in the treatment of refractory periodontitis. J. Periodontol. 68:1997;353-361.
18. Kornman K.S. Controlled release local delivery antimicrobials in periodontics. Prospects for the future. J. Periodontol. 64:1993;782-791.
19. Needleman I.G. Controlled drug release in periodontics. A review of new therapies. Br. Dent. J. 170:1991;405-408.
20. Ainamo J., Lie T., Ellingsen B.H., Hansen B.F., Johansson L.A., Karring T., Kisch J., Paunio K., Stoltze K. Clinical responses to subgingival application of a metronidazole 25% gel compared to the effect of subgingival scaling in adult periodontitis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 19:1992;723-729.
21. Pedrazzoli V., Kilian M., Karring T. Comparative clinical and microbiological effects of topical subgingival application of metronidazole 25% dental gel and scaling in the treatment of adult periodontitis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 19:1992;715-722.
22. Stelzel M., Florès D.J. Topical metronidazole application compared with subgingival scaling. A clinical and microbiological study on recall patients. J. Clin. Periodontol. 23:1996;24-29.
23. Timmerman M.F., van der Weijden G.A., van Steenbergen T.J., Mantel M.S., de Graaff J., van der Velden U. Evaluation of the long-term efficacy and safety of locally-applied minocycline in adult periodontitis patients. J. Clin. Periodontol. 23:1996;707-716.
24. Awartani F.A., Zulqarnain B.J. Comparison of the clinical effects of subgingival application of metronidazole 25% gel and scaling in the treatment of adult periodontitis. Quintessence Int. 29:1998;41-48.
25. Lie T., Bruun G., Böe O.E. Effects of topical metronidazole and tetracycline in treatment of adult periodontitis. J. Periodontol. 69:1998;819-827.
26. Palmer R.M., Matthews J.P., Wilson R.F. Adjunctive systemic and locally delivered metronidazole in the treatment of periodontitis: a controlled clinical study. Br. Dent. J. 184:1998;548-552.
27. Rudhart A., Purucker P., Kage A., Hopfenmüller W., Bernimoulin J.P. Local metronidazole application in maintenance patients. Clinical and microbiological evaluation. J. Periodontol. 69:1998;1148-1154.
28. Van Wachem P.B., Van Luyn M.J.A., Nieuwenhuis P., Koerten H.K., Olde Damink L., Ten Hoopen H., Feijen J. In vivo degradation of processed dermal sheep collagen evaluated with transmission electron microscopy. Biomaterials. 12:1991;215-223.
29. Steinberg D., Friedman M., Soskolne A., Sela M.N. A new degradable controlled release device for treatment of periodontal disease. In vitro release study. J. Periodontol. 61:1990;393-398.
30. Minabe M., Uematsu A., Nishijima K., Tomomatsu E., Tamura T., Hori T., Umemoto T., Hino T. Application of a local drug delivery system to periodontal therapy. I. Development of collagen preparations with immobilized tetracycline. J. Periodontol. 60:1989;113-117.
31. Loesche W.J., Giordano J., Soehren S., Hutchinson R., Rau C.F., Walsh L., Schork A., Arbor A., Mich D. Nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease. Jacobson J., Van Dis M. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology. 1996;533-543 Publisher? Location?
32. Paquette D.W., Waters G.S., Stefanidou V.L., Lawrence H.P., Friden P.M., O'Connor S.M., Sperati J.D., Oppenheim F.G., Hutchens L.H., Williams R.C. Inhibition of experimental gingivitis in beagle dogs with topical salivary histatins. J. Clin. Periodontol. 24:1997;216-222.
33. McLeod A.D., Tolentino L., Tozer T.N. Glucocorticoid-dextran conjugates as potential prodrugs for colon-specific delivery: steady-state pharmacokinetics in the rat. Biopharm. Drug Disposition. 15:1994;151-161.
34. Tonetti M.S. The topical use of antibiotics in periodontal pockets. Lang N.P., Karring T., Lindhe J. Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on Periodontology. 1997;78-109 Quintessence, London.
35. Swai H.S., Patel M.P., Braden M. Release of chlorhexidine from methacrylate polymers. Proc. Int. Symp. Controlled Release Bioact. Mater. 24:1997;1025-1026.
36. Addy M., Renton-Harper P. Local and systemic chemotherapy in the management of periodontal disease: an opinion and review of the concept. J. Oral Rehab. 23:1996;219-231.
37. Fiorellini J.P., Paquette D.W. The potential role of controlled release delivery systems for chemotherapeutic agents in periodontics. J. Periodontol. 66:1992;870-877.
38. Goffin G. Efficacy of a sustained local delivery of chlorhexidine Periochip as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. Int. Dent. Rev. 1998;1-18.
39. Bonesvoll P., Lökken P., Rölla G., Paus P.N. Retention of chlorhexidine in the human oral cavity after mouth rinses. Arch. Oral Biol. 19:1974;209-212.
40. Stabholz A., Sela M.N., Friedman M., Golomb G., Solskolne A. Clinical and microbiological effects of sustained release chlorhexidine in periodontal pockets. J. Clin. Periodontol. 13:1986;783-788.
41. Harkrader R.J., Reinhart P.C., Rogers J.A., Jones R.R., Wylie R.E., Lowe B.K., McEvoy R.M. The history, chemistry and pharmacokinetics of sanguinaria extract. J. Can. Dent. Assoc. 56:1990;7-12.
42. Godowski K.C., Wolff E.D., Thompson D.M., Housley A.M., Dunn R.L., Stoller N.H., Southard G.L. Whole mouth microbiota effects following subgingival delivery of sanguinarium. J. Periodontol. 66:1995;870-877.
43. Wennstrom J., Lindhe J. Some effects of a sanguinarine-containing mouthrinse on developing plaque and gingivitis. J. Clin. Periodontol. 12:1985;867-872.
44. Parsons L.G., Thomas L.G., Southard G.L., Woodall I.R., Jones B.J.B. Effect of sanguinaria extract on established plaque and gingivitis when supragingivally delivered as a manual rinse or under pressure in an oral irrigator. J. Clin. Periodontol. 14:1987;381-385.
45. Southard G.L., Parsons L.G., Thomas L.G., Woodall I.R., Jones B.J. Effects of sanguinaria extract on development of plaque and gingivitis when supragingivally delivered as a manual rinse or under pressure in an oral irrigator. J. Clin. Periodontol. 14:1987;377-380.
46. Grossman E., Meckel A.H., Isaacs R.L., Ferretti G.A., Sturzenberger O.P., Bollmer B.W., Moore D.L., Lijana R.C., Manhart M.D. A clinical comparison of antibacterial mouthrinses: effects of chlorhexidine, phenolics, and sanguinarine on dental plaque and gingivitis. J. Periodontol. 60:1989;435-440.
47. Cullinan M.P., Powell R.N., Faddy M.J., Seymour G.J. Efficacy of a dentifrice and oral rinse containing sanguinaria extract in conjunction with initial periodontal therapy. Aust. Dent. J. 42:1997;47-51.
48. Kopczyk R.A., Abrams H., Brown A.T., Matheny J.L., Kaplan A.L. Clinical and microbiological effects of a sanguinaria-containing mouthrinse and dentifrice with and without fluoride during 6 months of use. Periodontology. 62:1991;617-622.
49. Tenenbaum H., Dahan M., Soell M. Effectiveness of a sanguinarine regimen after scaling and root planing. J. Periodontol. 70:1999;307-311.
50. Drisko C.H. The use of locally delivered doxycycline in the treatment of periodontitis. Clinical results. J. Clin. Periodontol. 25:1998;947-952.
51. Polson A.M., Garrett S., Stoller N.H., Bandt C.L., Hanes P.J., Killoy W.J., Southard G.L., Duke S.P., Bogle G.C., Drisko C.H., Friesen L.R. Multi-center comparative evaluation of subgingivally delivered sanguinarine and doxycycline in the treatment of periodontitis. II. Clinical results. J. Periodontol. 68:1997;119-126.
52. Polson A.M., Stoller N.H., Hanes P.J., Bandt C.L., Garrett S., Southard G.L. 2 multi-center trials assessing the clinical efficacy of 5% sanguinarine in a biodegradable drug delivery system. J. Clin. Periodontol. 23:1996;782-788.
53. Seymour R.A., Heasman P.A. Tetracyclines in the management of periodontal diseases: a review. J. Clin. Periodontol. 22:1995;22-35.
54. Yu Z., Ramamurthy N.S., Leung M., Chang K.M., McNamara T.F., Golub L.M. Chemically-modified tetracycline normalizes collagen metabolism in diabetic rats. A dose-response study. J. Periodontol. Res. 28:1993;420-428.
55. Silverstein L., Bissada N., Manouchehr Pour M., Greenwell H. Clinical and microbiological effects of local tetracycline irrigation on periodontitis. J. Periodontol. 59:1988;301-305.
56. MacAlpine R., Magnusson I., Kiger R., Crigger M., Garrett S., Egelberg J. Antimicrobial irrigation of deep pockets to supplement oral hygiene instruction and root debridement. I. Bi-weekly irrigation. J. Clin. Periodontol. 12:1985;568-577.
57. Tonetti M., Cugini M.A., Goodson J.M. Zero-order delivery with periodontal placement of tetracycline-loaded ethylene vinyl acetate fibers. J. Periodontol. Res. 25:1990;243-249.
58. Bjorvatn K. Scanning electron microscopy study of pellicle and plaque formation on tetracycline impregnated dentin. Scand. J. Dent. Res. 94:1986;89-94.
59. Tamargo R.J., Bok R.A., Brem H. Angiogenesis inhibition by minocycline. Cancer Res. 51:1991;672-675.
60. Golub L.M., Goodson J.M., Lee H.M., Vidal A.M., McNamara T.F., Ramamurthy N.S. Tetracyclines inhibit tissue collagenases. Effects of ingested low-dose and local delivery systems. J. Periodontol. 56:1985;93-97.
61. Goodson J.M., Tanner A. Antibiotic resistance of the subgingival microbiota following local tetracycline therapy. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 7:1992;113-117.
62. O'Connor B.C., Newman H.N., Wilson M. Susceptibility and resistance of plaque bacteria to minocycline. J. Periodontol. 61:1990;228-233.
63. Larsen T., Fiehn N.E. Development of resistance to metronidazole and minocycline in vitro. J. Clin. Periodontol. 24:1997;254-259.
64. Yilmaz S., Kuru B., Noyan U., Kadir T., Acar O., Büget E. A clinical and microbiological evaluation of systemic and local metronidazole delivery in early onset periodontitis patients. J. Marmara. Univ. Dent. Fac. 2:1996;500-509.
65. Smith S.R., Foyle D.M., Needleman I.G., Pandya N.V. The role of antibiotics in the treatment of periodontitis (part I - systemic delivery). Eur. J. Prosthodont. Rest. Dent. 3:1998;79-86.
66. Higashi K., Matsushita M., Morisaki K., Hayashi S.I., Mayumi T. Local drug delivery systems for the treatment of periodontal disease. J. Pharmacobio. Dyn. 14:1991;72-81.
67. Sauvetre E., Glupczynsky Y., Yourassowsky E., Pourtois M. The effect of clindamycin gel insert in periodontal pockets, as observed on smears and cultures. Infection. 21:1993;245-247.
68. Gordon J., Walker C., Hovliaras C., Socransky S. Efficacy of clindamycin hydrochloride in refractory periodontitis: 24-month results. J. Periodontol. 61:1990;686-691.
69. Magnusson I., Low S.B., McArthur W.P., Marks R.G., Walker C.B., Maruniak J., Taylor M., Padgett P., Jung J., Clark W.B. Treatment of subjects with refractory periodontal disease. J. Clin. Periodontol. 21:1994;628-637.
70. Eick S., Pfister W., Straube E. Antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic and capnophilic bacteria isolated from odontogenic abscesses and rapidly progressive periodontitis. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents. 12:1999;41-46.
71. Kimura S., Toda H., Shimabukuro Y., Kitamura M., Fujimoto N., Miki Y., Okada H. Topical chemotherapy in human periodontitis using a new controlled release insert containing ofloxacin. I. Microbiological observation. J. Periodontol. Res. 26:1991;33-41.
72. Goodson J.M., Haffajee A., Socransky S.S. Periodontal therapy by local delivery of tetracycline. J. Clin. Periodontol. 6:1979;83-92.
73. Goodson J.M., Holborow D., Dunn R.L., Hogan P., Dunham S. Monolithic tetracycline containing fibers for controlled delivery to periodontal pockets. J. Periodontol. 54:1983;575-579.
74. Michalowicz B.S., Pihlstrom B.L., Drisko C.L., Cobb C.M., Killoy W.J., Caton J.G., Lowenguth R.A., Quinones C., Encarnacion M., Knowles M., Goodson J.M. Evaluation of periodontal treatments using controlled release tetracycline fibers. Maintenance response. J. Periodontol. 66:1995;708-715.
75. Lowenguth R.A., Chin I., Caton J.G., Cobb C.M., Drisko C.L., Killoy W.J., Michalowicz B.S., Pihlstrom B.L., Goodson J.M. Evaluation of periodontal treatments using controlled release tetracycline fibers. Microbiological response. J. Periodontol. 66:1995;700-707.
76. Drisko C.L., Cobb C.M., Killoy W.J., Michalowicz B.S., Pihlstrom B.L., Lowenguth R.A., Caton J.G., Encarnacion M., Knowles M., Goodson J.M. Evaluation of periodontal treatments using controlled release tetracycline fibers. Clinical response. J. Periodontol. 66:1995;692-699.
77. Anderson H.H. Treatment of chronic periodontitis: a site-specific fiber placement technique. Pract. Periodontics Aesthet. Dent. 8:1996;565-570.
78. Larsen T. In vitro release of doxycycline from bioabsorbable materials and acrylic strips. J. Periodontol. 61:1990;30-34.
79. Deasy P.B., Collins A.E.M., Maccarthy D.J., Russell R.J. Use of strips containing tetracycline hydrochloride or metronidazole for the treatment of advanced periodontal disease. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 41:1989;694-699.
80. Collins A.E.M., Deasy P.B., Maccarthy D.J., Shanley D.B. Evaluation of a controlled-release compact containing tetracycline hydrochloride bonded to tooth for the treatment of periodontal disease. Int. J. Pharm. 51:1989;103-114.
81. Webber W.L., Mathiowitz E. Modulating tetracycline release from PLA/PG films. Proc. Int. Symp. Controlled Release Bioact. Mater. 24:1997;575-576.
82. Agarwal R.K., Robinson D.H., Maze G.I., Reinhardt R.A. Development and characterization of tetracycline-poly(lactide/glycolide) films for treatment of periodontitis. J. Control. Release. 23:1993;137-146.
83. Vasavada R.C., Junnarkar G.H. Release of metronidazole from poly(ortho ester) matrices. Proc. Int. Symp. Controlled Release Bioact. Mater. 24:1997;499-500.
84. Esposito P., Cortesi R., Cervellati F., Menegatti E., Nastruzzi C. Biodegradable microparticles for sustained delivery of tetracycline to the periodontal pocket: formulatory and drug release studies. J. Microencapsulation. 14:1997;175-187.
85. Jeyanthi R., Akiyama A., Roberts F.D., VanHamont J., Friden P. One-month controlled release of an antimicrobial peptide from biodegradable poly(lactide/glycolide) microspheres for the treatment of periodontitis. Proc. Int. Symp. Controlled Release Bioact. Mater. 24:1997;883-884.
86. Jones A.A., Kornman K.S., Newbold D.A., Manwell M.A. Clinical and microbiological effects of controlled release locally delivered minocycline in periodontitis. J. Periodontol. 65:1994;1058-1066.
87. Jones D.S., Woolfson A.D., Brown A.F., O'Neill M.J. Mucoadhesive, syringeable drug delivery systems for controlled application of metronidazole to the periodontal pocket: in vitro release kinetics, syringeability, mechanical and mucoadhesive properties. J. Control. Release. 49:1997;71-79.
88. Jones D.S., Woolfson A.D., Djokic J., Coulter W.A. Development and mechanical characterization of bioadhesive semi-solid, polymeric systems containing tetracycline for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Pharm. Res. 13:1996;1734-1738.
89. Stoltze K. Elimination of Elyzol 25% Dentalgel matrix from periodontal pockets. J. Clin. Periodontol. 22:1995;185-187.
90. Esposito P., Carotta V., Scabbia A., Trombelli L., D'Antona P., Menegatti E., Nastruzzi C. Comparative analysis of tetracycline-containing dental gels: poloxamer- and monoglyceride-based formulations. Int. J. Pharm. 142:1996;9-23.
91. R) following scaling and root planing in recurrent periodontal pockets. Bull. Tokyo Dent. Coll. 32:1991;63-70.
92. Hayashi K., Takada K., Hirasawa M. Clinical and microbiological effects of controlled release local delivery of minocycline on periodontitis in dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res. 59:1998;464-467.
93. Graça M.A., Watts T.L.P., Wilson R.F., Palmer R.M. A randomized controlled trial of a 2% minocycline gel as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment, using a design with multiple matching criteria. J. Clin. Periodontol. 24:1997;249-253.
94. Radvar M., Pourtaghi N., Kinane D.F. Comparison of 3 periodontal local antibiotic therapies in persistent periodontal pockets. J. Periodontol. 67:1996;860-865.
95. Polson A.M., Southard G.L., Dunn R.L., Yewey G.L., Godowski K.C., Polson A.P., Fulfs J.C., Laster L. Periodontal pocket treatment in beagle dogs using subgingival doxycycline from a biodegradable system. I. Initial clinical responses. J. Periodontol. 67:1996;1176-1184.
96. Polson A.M., Garrett S., Stoller N.H., Bandt C.L., Hanes P.J., Killoy W.J., Harrold C.Q., Southard G.L., Duke S.P. Multi-center comparative evaluation of subgingivally delivered sanguinarine and doxycycline in the treatment of periodontitis. I. Study design, procedures, and management. J. Periodontol. 68:1997;110-118.
97. Yewey G.L., Duysen E.G., Cox S.M., Dunn R.L. Delivery of proteins from a controlled release injectable implant. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1997;93-117.
98. Price R., Patchan M. Controlled release from cylindrical microstructures. J. Microencapsulation. 8:1991;301-306.
99. Gates K.A., Grad H., Birek P., Lee P.I. A new bioerodible polymer insert for the controlled release of metronidazole. Pharm. Res. 11:1994;1605-1609.
100. Roskos K.V., Fritzinger B.K., Rao S.S., Armitage G.C., Heller J. Development of a drug delivery system for the treatment of periodontal disease based on bioerodible poly(ortho esters). Biomaterials. 16:1995;313-317.