Changes of lead levels in 24-h urine from 1985 to 1998 in Japanese adults

Toxicology Letters

Volumn 114, Issue 1-3, 2000, Pages 91-99

  Jin, Ya Ping ^a   Kobayashi, Etsuko ^a   Okubo, Yasushi ^a   Suwazono, Yasushi ^a   Nogawa, Koji ^a   Nakagawa, Hideaki ^b  

^a CHIBA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b KANAZAWA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Adult population in Japan; Background lead levels; Biological monitoring of lead; Lead levels in 24 h urine

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; LEAD;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE URINE LEVEL; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; JAPAN; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; TIME; URINALYSIS; URINE LEVEL; WORKER;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; CREATININE; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMANS; JAPAN; LEAD; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REFERENCE VALUES; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, ATOMIC; TIME;

EID: 0034599891     PISSN: 03784274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-4274(99)00289-1     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Baghurst P.A., McMichael A.J., Wigg N.R. Environmental exposure to lead and children's intelligence at the age of seven years. New Engl. J. Med. 327(18):1992;1279-1284.
2. Berode M., Wietlisbach V., Rickenbach M. et al. Lifestyle and environmental factors as determinants of blood lead levels in a Swiss population. Environ. Res. 55:1991;1-17.
3. Bonsnes R.W., Taussky H.H. On the colorimetric determination of creatinine by the Jaffe reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 158:1945;581-591.
4. Chowdhury B.A., Chandra R.K. Biological and health implications of toxic heavy metal and essential trace element interactions. Prog. Food Nutr. Sci. 11(1):1987;55-113.
5. Ducoffre G., Claeys F., Bruaux P. Lowering time trend of blood lead levels in Belgium since 1978. Environ. Res. 51(1):1990;25-34.
6. Elinder C.G., Friberg L., Birger L. et al. Lead and cadmium levels in blood samples from the general population of Sweden. Environ. Res. 30:1983;233-253.
7. Friberg L., Nordberg G.F., Vouk V.B. Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals. 2nd edn:1986;298-353 Elsevier, New York.
8. Honda R., Tsuritani I., Ishizaki M. Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry of cadmium and lead in blood and urine. J. Kanazawa Med. Univ. 14:1989;337-347.
9. Horiguchi S. Lead. 1993;53-99 Industrial Science Institute Publishing Co, Japan. (in Japanese).
10. James L.P., Debra J.B., Elaine W.G. The decline in blood lead levels in the United States. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 272:1994;284-291.
11. Jin Y.P., Kobayashi E.K., Nogawa K.J. Lead levels in 24-h urine in Japanese adults. Toxicol. Lett. 92(3):1997;173-178.
12. Muldoon S.B., Cauley J.A., Kuller L.H. Effects of blood lead levels on cognitive function of older women. Neuroepidemiology. 15(2):1996;62-72.
13. Pallotti G., Consolino A., Bencivenga B. et al. Lead levels in whole blood of an adult population group from Rome. Sci. Total Environ. 31(1):1983;81-87.
14. Probst-Hensch N., Braun-Fahrlaender C., Bodenmann A. Alcohol consumption and other lifestyle factors: avoidable sources of excess lead exposure. Sozialund Praventivmedizin. 38(2):1993;43-50.
15. Quinn M.J., Delves H.T. The UK blood lead monitoring program 1984-1987. Hum. Toxicol. 8(3):1989;205-220.
16. Sokas R.K., Simmens S., Sophar K. et al. Lead levels in Maryland construction workers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 31(2):1997;188-194.
17. Spevackova V., Kratzer K., Cejchanova M. Determination of some metals in biological samples for monitoring purposes. Cent. Eur. J. Public Health. 5(4):1997;177-179.
18. Staessen J., Bulpitt C.J., Roels H. Urinary cadmium and lead concentrations and their relation to blood pressure in a population with low exposure. Br. J. Ind. Med. 41(2):1984;241-248.
19. Staessen J., Yeoman W.B., Fletcher A.E. Blood lead concentration, renal function and blood pressure in London civil servants. Br. J. Ind. Med. 47(7):1990;442-447.
20. Staessen J.A., Bulpitt C.J., Fagard R. Hypertension caused by low-level lead exposure: myth or fact. J. Cardiovasc. Risk. 1(1):1994;87-97.
21. Watanabe T., Fujita H., Koizumi A. et al. Baseline level of blood lead concentration among Japanese farmers. Arch. Environ. Health. 40(3):1985;170-176.
22. Watanabe T., Nakatsuka H., Kasahara M. Urinary lead levels among farmers in non-polluted areas in Japan. Toxicol. Lett. 37:1987;69-78.
23. Weyermann M., Brenner H. Alcohol consumption and smoking habits as determinants of blood lead levels in a national population sample from Germany. Arch. Environ. Health. 52(3):1997;233-239.
24. Wietlisbach V., Rickennbach M., Berode M. Time trend and determinants of blood lead levels in a Swiss population over a transition period (1984-1993) from leaded to unleaded gasoline use. Environ. Res. 68:1995;82-90.
25. Yang J.S., Kang S.K., Park I.J. et al. Lead concentrations in blood among the general population of Korea. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 68(3):1996;199-202.