Phytoecdysteroids: Structure, Sources, and Biosynthesis in Plants

Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry

Volumn 26, Issue 12, 2000, Pages 799-831

  Baltaev, U A ^a  

^a Academy of Sciences of Bashkortostan   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034559882     PISSN: 10681620     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1026662505403     Document Type: Review

References (271)

1. Otaka, T., Okui, Z., and Uchiama, M., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1969, vol. 17, pp. 75-81.
2. Syrov, V.N. and Kurmukov, A.G., Farmakol. Toksikol., 1976, no. 6, pp. 600-602.
3. Syrov, V.N. and Kurmukov, A.G., Dokl. AN UzSSR, 1977, no. 12, pp. 27-30.
4. Nakanishi, K., Koreeda, M., Sasaki, S., Chang, M.L., and Hsu, H.Y., Abstracts of Papers, 11 Pacific Science Congr., 1966, Tokyo.
5. Nakanishi, K., Koreeda, M., Sasaki, S., Chang, M.L., and Hsu, H.Y., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1966, pp. 915-917.
6. Yatsyuk, Ya.K. and Segal', G.M., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1970, no. 1, p. 28.
7. Nakanishi, K., Pure and Appl. Chem., 1971, vol. 25, pp. 167-195.
8. Akhrem, A.A. and Kovganko, N.V., Ekdisteroidy: khimiya i biologicheskaya aktivnost' (Ecdysteroids: Chemistry and Biological Activity), Minsk: Nauka i Tekhnika, 1989.
9. Akhrem, A.A., Levina, I.S., and Titov, Yu.A., Ekdizony - steroidnye gormony lin'ki nasekomykh (Ecdysones: Steroid Insect Molting Hormones), Minsk: Nauka i Tekhnika, 1973.
10. Gorovits, M.B., Zatsny, I.L., and Abubakirov, N.K., Rast. Resursy, 1974, no. 10, pp. 261-274.
11. Slama, K., Romanuk, M., and Sorm, F., Insect Hormones and Bioanalogues, Vien: Springer, 1974, pp. 303-305.
12. Karlson, P., Sem. Etude Theme Prod. Plant, 1976, vol. 41, pp. 17-28.
13. Becker, E. and Plagge, E., Biol. Zentralblatt, 1936, vol. 5, pp. 326-329.
14. Butenandt, A. and Karlson, P., Z. Naturforsch., 1954, vol. 96, pp. 389-391.
15. Karlson, P., Hoffmeister, H., Hoppe, W., and Huber, R., Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1963, vol. 662, pp. 1-14.
16. Karlson, P., Hoffmeister, H., Hummel, H., Hocks, P., and Spiteller, G., Chem. Ber., 1965, vol. 98, pp. 2394-2403.
17. Hoppe, W. and Huber, R., Chem. Ber., 1965, vol. 98, pp. 2353-2361.
18. Huber, R. and Hoppe, W., Chem. Ber., 1965, vol. 98, pp. 2403-2418.
19. Karlson, P., Vitamins and Hormones, 1956, vol. 14, pp. 227-228.
20. Hocks, P. and Weichert, R., Tetrahedron Lett., 1966, no. 26, pp. 2989-2995.
21. Hoffmeister, H. and Grutzmacher, H.F., Tetrahedron Lett., 1966, no. 33, p. 4017.
22. Hoffmeister, H., Grutzmacher, H.F., and Dunnebeie, B.K., Z. Naturforsch. B, 1967, vol. 22, pp. 67-68.
23. Dammeier, B. and Hoppe, W., Chem. Ber., 1971, vol. 104, pp. 1660-1673.
24. Horn, D.H.S., Middleton, E.I., Wunderlich, I.A., and Hampshire, F., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1966, pp. 339-341.
25. Kaplanis, I.N., Thompson, V.I., and Yamamoto, R.T., Steroids, 1966, vol. 8, pp. 605-623.
26. Thompson, M.J., Kaplanis, J.N., Robbins, W.E., and Yamamoto, R.T., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1967, pp. 650-653.
27. Kaplanis, J.N., Robbins, W.E., Thompson, M.J., and Dutky, S.R., Science, 1973, vol. 180, pp. 307-308.
28. Thompson, M.J., Kaplanis, J.N., Robbins, W.E., Dutky, S.R., and Nigg, H.N., Steroids, 1974, vol. 24, pp. 359-366.
29. Faux, A., Horn, D.H.S., Middleton, E.J., Fales, H.M., and Lowe, E.M., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1969, pp. 175-176.
30. Kaplanis, J.N., Dutky, S.R., Robbins, E.W., Thompson, M.J., Linquist, E.L., Horn, D.H.S., and Galbraith, M.N., Science, 1975, vol. 190, pp. 681-682.
31. Ohnishi, E., Mizuno, T., Chatani, F., Ikekawa, N., and Sakurai, S., Science, 1977, vol. 197, pp. 66-67.
32. Galbraith, M.N. and Horn, D.H.S., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1966, pp. 905-906.
33. Jizba, J., Herout, V., and Sorm, F., Tetrahedron Lett., 1967, pp. 1689-1691.
34. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., and Nishimoto, N., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1967, vol. 87, pp. 325-327.
35. Imai, S., Toyosata, T., Sakai, M., Sato, Y., Fujioka, S., Murata, E., and Goto, M., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1969, vol. 17, pp. 340-342.
36. Koreeda, M., Nakanishi, K., and Goto, M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1970, vol. 92, pp. 7512-7513.
37. Galbraith, M.N. and Horn, D.H.S., Aust. J. Chem., 1969, vol. 22, pp. 1045-1057.
38. Ogawa, S., Nishimoto, N., Okamoto, N., and Takemoto, T., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1971, vol. 91, pp. 916-919.
39. Mayer, R.T. and Svoboda, I.A., Steroids, 1978, vol. 31, pp. 139-150.
40. Morgan, E.D. and Woodbridge, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1971, pp. 475-476.
41. Ikekawa, N., Hattori, F., Rubic-Lightbourn, I., Miyazaki, H., Ishibashi, M., and Mori, C., J. Chrom. Sci., 1972, vol. 10, pp. 233-234.
42. Miyazaki, H., Ishibashi, M., and Mori, C., Analyt. Chem., 1973, vol. 45, pp. 1164-1168.
43. Borst, D.W. and O'Connor, I.D., Steroids, 1974, vol. 24, pp. 637-656.
44. Poole, C.F., Morgan, E.D., and Bebbington, P.M., J. Chromatogr., 1975, vol. 104, pp. 172-174.
45. Morgan, E.D. and Poole, C.F., J. Chromatogr., 1976, vol. 116, pp. 333-341.
46. Ogawa, S., Yoshida, A., and Kato, R., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1977, vol. 25, pp. 904-908.
47. Lafont, R., Somme-Martin, G., Mauchamp, B., Maume, B.F., and Delbeque, J.P., Progress in Ecdysone Research, Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland, 1980, p. 45.
48. Dinan, L., Abstracts of Papers, Mezhdunarodnoe soveshchanie po fitoekdisteroidam (Int. Workshop on Ecdysteroids), 1996, Syktyvkar, Russia.
49. Chou, W.S. and Lu, M.S., Progress in Ecdysone Research, Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland, 1980, p. 281.
50. Bandara, R., Jayasinghe, L., and Karunaratne, V., Phytochemistry, 1989, vol. 28, pp. 1073-1075.
51. Hikino, H., Nomoto, K., and Takemoto, T., Steroids, 1970, vol. 16, pp. 393-400.
52. Takemoto, T. and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron, 1969, vol. 25, pp. 1241-1248.
53. Girault, J.P., Bathori, M., Szendrei, K., and Lafont, R., The Ecdysone Handbook, Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland, 1992, pp. 355-356.
54. Pinheiro, M.L.B., Filho, W.W., Da Rocho, A.I., Porter, B., and Wenkert, E., Phytochemistry, 1983, vol. 22, pp. 2320-2321.
55. Imai, S., Murata, E., Fujioka, S., Koreeda, M., and Nakanishi, K., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1969, pp. 546-547.
56. Suksamrarn, A., Wilkie, J.S., and Horn, D.H.S., Phytochemistry, 1986, vol. 25, pp. 1301-1304.
57. Saatov, Z., Abdullaev, N.D., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1986, no. 3, pp. 323-326.
58. Dzhukharova, M.Kh., Tashkhodzhaev, B., Saatov, Z., and Abdullaev, N.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1993, no. 4, p. 553.
59. Rimpler, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1969, no. 4, pp. 329-333.
60. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1987, no. 6, p. 852.
61. Djerassi, C., Knight, J.C., and Brockmann, H., Chem. Ber., 1964, vol. 97, pp. 3118-3130.
62. Kubo, I., Asaka, Y., Stout, M.J., and Nakatsu, T., J. Chem. Ecol., 1990, vol. 16, pp. 2581-2588.
63. Ogawa, S., Nishimoto, N., Okamoto, N., and Takemoto, T., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1971, vol. 91, pp. 916-920.
64. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., Abdullaev, N.D., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1987, no. 6, pp. 678-681.
65. Russel, G.B., Horn, D.H.S., and Middleton, E.L., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1971, p. 71.
66. Rudel, D., Bathori, M., Gharbi, J., Girault, J.P., Racz, I., Melis, K., Szendrei, K., and Lafont, R., Planta Med., 1992, vol. 58, p. 358.
67. Saatov, Z., Abdullaev, N.D., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1990, no. 3, pp. 363-366.
68. Kozuka, M., Takasaki, M., Konoshima, T., Shingu, T., Saitoh, M., Asaka, Y., De Boer, G., and Kubo, I., Abstracts of Papers, 16 Int. Symp. on the Chemistry of Natural Products (IUPAC), 1988, Kyoto, Japan.
69. Girault, J.P., Bathori, M., Varga, E., Szendrei, K., and Lafont, R., J. Nat. Products, 1990, vol. 53, pp. 279-293.
70. Hou, S., Wang, G., and Xia, K., Zhiwu Xuebao, 1982, vol. 24, pp. 347-354.
71. Buckmann, D., Starnecker, G., Tomaschko, K.H., Wilhelm, E., Lafont, R., and Girault, J.P., J. Comp. Physiol., 1986, vol. 156, pp. 759-765.
72. Chong, Y.K., Galbraith, M.N., and Horn, D.H.S., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1970, pp. 1217-1218.
73. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1986, no. 3, p. 439.
74. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1987, no. 6, pp. 852-855.
75. Galbraith, M.N., Horn, D.H.S., Middleton, E.J., and Hackney, R.J., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1968, pp. 83-85.
76. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1984, no. 1, pp. 60-62.
77. Lafont, R., Girault, J.P., Beydon, P., Bauthier, A., Bathori, M., Varga, E., and Szendrei, K., In Insects-Plants, Labeyrie, V., Fabres, G., and Lachaise, D., Eds., Dordrect: Dr. W. Junk, 1980.
78. Song, C. and Xu, R., Chin. Chem. Lett., 1991, vol. 2, pp. 13-14.
79. Dinan, L., Sarker, S.D., Bourne, P., Whiting, P., Sik, V., and Rees, H.H., Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol., 1999, vol. 41, pp. 18-23.
80. Sarker, S.D., Sik, V., Rees, H.H., and Dinan, L., Phytochemistry, 1998, vol. 49, pp. 2305-2310.
81. Baltaev, U., Gorovits, M.B., Rashkes, Ya.V., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1977, no. 6, pp. 813-819.
82. Baltaev, U., Gorovits, M.B., Rashkes, Ya.V., Yagudaev, M.R., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1978, no. 4, pp. 457-463.
83. Canonica, L., Danieli, B., Ferrari, G., Haimova, M.A., and Krepinsky, J., Experientia, 1973, vol. 29, pp. 1062-1063.
84. Canonica, L., Danieli, B., Ferrari, G., Krepinsky, J., and Rainoldi, G., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1973, pp. 737-738.
85. Ramazanov, N.Sh., Maksimov, E.S., Saatov, Z., Mamatkhanov, A.U., and Abdullaev, N.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1997, no. 3, p. 392.
86. Ramazanov, N.Sh., Maksimov, E.S., Saatov, Z., and Abdullaev, N.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1997, no. 3, p. 395.
87. Borovikova, E.B. and Baltaev, U.A., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1999, no. 2, pp. 205-206.
88. Canonica, L., Danieli, B., Weisz-Vincze, G., and Ferrari, G., Chem. Commun., 1972, pp. 1060-1061.
89. Baltaev, U., Rashkes, Ya.V., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1985, no. 5, pp. 522-525.
90. Jizba, J., Dolejs, L., Herout, V., and Sorm, F., Tetrahedron Lett., 1971, pp. 1329-1332.
91. Singh, S.B. and Thakur, R.S., Tetrahedron, 1982, vol. 38, pp. 2189-2194.
92. Suksamrarn, A., Somechai, C., Charulpong, P., and Chitkul, B., Phytochemistry, 1995, vol. 38, pp. 473-476.
93. Fukuzawa, A., Kumagai, Y., Masamune, T., Furusaki, A., Katayama, C., and Matsumoto, T., Tetrahedron Lett., 1981, vol. 22, pp. 4085-4086.
94. Fukuzawa, A., Miyamoto, M., Kumagai, Y., and Masamune, T., Phytochemistry, 1986, vol. 25, pp. 1305-1307.
95. Galbraith, M.N., Horn, D.H.S., and Middleton, E.J., Chem. Commun., 1969, pp. 402-403.
96. Nishimoto, N., Shiobara, Y., Inoue, S.S., Fujino, M., Takemoto, T., Yeoh, C.L., De Olivera, F., Akisue, G., Akisue, M.K., and Hashimoto, G., Phytochemistry, 1988, vol. 27, pp. 1665-1668.
97. Galbraith, M.N., Horn, D.H.S., Middleton, E.J., Kaplanis, J.N., and Thompson, M.J., Experientia, 1973, vol. 29, p. 782.
98. Jizba, J., Herout, V., and Sorm, F., Tetrahedron Lett., 1967, no. 51, pp. 5139-5143.
99. Russel, G.B., Horn, D.H.S., and Middleton, E.J., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1971, p. 74.
100. Sadykov, Z.T., Ramazanov, N.Sh., and Saatov, Z., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1997, no. 6, p. 851.
101. Kizmer, B. and Wichtl, M., Arten. Arch. Pharm. (Weinheim), 1987, vol. 320, pp. 541-546.
102. Jizba, J., Doleis, L., and Herout, V., Phytochemistry, 1974, vol. 13, pp. 1915-1916.
103. Nakanishi, K., Koreeda, M., Sasaki, S., Chang, M.L., and Hsu, H.Y., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1966, vol. 24, pp. 915-917.
104. Nakanishi, K., Koreeda, M., Chang, M.L., and Hsu, H.Y., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 9, pp. 1105-1110.
105. Russel, G.B., Fenemore, P.G., Horn, D.H.S., and Middleton, E.J., Aust. J. Chem., 1972, vol. 25, pp. 1935-1941.
106. Takemoto, T., Arihara, S., Hikino, T., and Hikino, H., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1968, vol. 16, p. 762.
107. Takemoto, T., Arihara, S., and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 39, pp. 4199-4202.
108. Saatov, Z., Usmanov, B.Z., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1979, no. 6, pp. 797-798.
109. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., Arai, T., Kawahara, M., Konno, C., Arihara, S., and Hikino, H., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1967, vol. 15, p. 1816.
110. Sarker, S.D., Dinan, L.N., Girault, J.P., Lafont, R., and Waterman, P.G., J. Nat. Prod., 1969, vol. 59, pp. 789-793.
111. Baltaev, U.A., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1991, no. 6, pp. 806-808.
112. Baltaev, U.A., Phytochemistry, 1995, vol. 38, pp. 799-800.
113. Borovikova, E.B., Shangaraeva, G.S., and Baltaev, U.A., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1999, no. 2, pp. 207-208.
114. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., Abdullaev, N.D., Usmanov, B.Z., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1981, no. 6, pp. 738-744.
115. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., Abdullaev, N.D., Usmanov, B.Z., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1982, no. 6, pp. 611-615.
116. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., Abdullaev, N.D., Usmanov, B.Z., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1982, no. 2, pp. 211-214.
117. Saatov, Z., Abdullaev, N.D., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1984, no. 6, pp. 741-744.
118. Saatov, Z., Usmanov, B.Z., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1979, no. 6, pp. 793-797.
119. Dzhukharova, M.Kh., Saatov, Z., and Abdullaev, N.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1995, no. 2, p. 253.
120. Novosel'skaya, I.L., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1979, no. 4, pp. 429-430.
121. Imai, S., Murata, E., Fujioka, S., Matsuoka, T., Koreeda, M., and Nakanishi, K., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1970, vol. 92, pp. 7510-7512.
122. Imai, S., Murata, E., Fujioka, S., and Matsuoka, T., Chem. Commun., 1970, pp. 352-353.
123. Nakano, K., Nohara, T., Tominatsu, T., and Nishikawa, M., Phytochemistry, 1982, vol. 21, pp. 2749-2751.
124. Baltaev, U.A., Rashkes, Ya.V., Darmograi, V.N., Belov, Yu.P., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1985, no. 1, pp. 62-66.
125. Ramazanov, N.Sh., Maksimov, E.S., Saatov, Z., and Abdullaev, N.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1995, no. 6, p. 714.
126. Ramazanov, N.Sh., Maksimov, E.S., Saatov, Z., and Abdullaev, N.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1996, no. 1, p. 59.
127. Usmanov, B.Z., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1975, no. 4, pp. 466-470.
128. Faux, A., Galbraith, M.N., Horn, D.H.S., Midleton, E.J., and Thomson, J.A., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1970, p. 243.
129. Heinrich, G. and Hoffmeister, H., Experientia, 1967, vol. 23, p. 995.
130. Hocks, P. and Wiechert, R., Tetrahedron Lett., 1966, no. 26, pp. 2989-2993.
131. Saatov, Z., Abdullaev, N.D., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1984, no. 4, pp. 467-470.
132. Nien, S.L., Hsu, H.Y., Ho, M., and Yo, Y.C., Acta Chimica Sinica, 1978, vol. 36, pp. 137-141.
133. Modde, J.F., Lafont, R., and Hoffmann, J., Int. J. Invert. Reprod. Devel., 1984, vol. 7, pp. 161-183.
134. Baltaev, U.A., Darmograi, V.N., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1987, no. 6, pp. 850-852.
135. Garcia, M., Girault, J.P., and Lafont, R., Int. J. Invert. Reprod. Develop., 1986, vol. 9, pp. 43-58.
136. Bathori, M., Szendrei, K., and Herke, I., Herba Hungarica, 1986, vol. 25, pp. 105-117.
137. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., Melibaev, S., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1986, no. 1, pp. 77-80.
138. Baltayev, U.A., Phytochemistry, 1998, vol. 47, pp. 1233-1235.
139. Russel, G.B., Greenwood, D.R., Lane, G.A., Blunt, J.W., and Munro, M.G.H., Phytochemistry, 1981, vol. 20, pp. 2407-2410.
140. Song, C. and Xu, R., Chin. Chem. Lett., 1991, vol. 2, pp. 13-14.
141. Baltaev, U.A. and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1987, no. 5, pp. 681-684.
142. Russel, G.B. and Fraser, J.G., Aust. J. Chem., 1973, vol. 26, pp. 1805-1807.
143. Baltaev, U.A., Gorovits, M.B., Rashkes, Ya.V., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1987, no. 4, pp. 463-465.
144. Yokota, T., Arima, M., and Takahashi, N., Tetrahedron Lett., 1982, vol. 23, pp. 1275-1278.
145. Imai, S., Hori, M., Fujioka, S., Murata, E., Goto, M., and Nakanishi, K., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 25, pp. 3883-3886.
146. Camps, F., Coll, J., and Cortel, A., Chem. Lett., 1982, pp. 1313-1316.
147. Camps, F., Coll, J., Cortel, A., Molins, E., and Miravitlles, C., J. Chem. Research (S), 1985, pp. 14-15.
148. Pia Calcagno, M., Camps, F., Coll, J., Mele, E., and Sancher-Baeza, F., Tetrahedron, 1995, vol. 51, p. 12 119.
149. Vokasc, K., Budesinsky, M., and Harmatha, J., Abstracts of Papers, X Ecdysone Workshop, Liverpool, 1992.
150. Ghosal, S., Abstracts of Papers, 4 Indo-Soviet Symposium on the Chemistry and Pharmacology of Natural Products, Lucknow, 1976, p. 142.
151. Prakash, A. and Ghosal, S., J. Sci. Ind. Res., 1979, vol. 38, pp. 632-647.
152. Miller, R.W., Clardy, J., Kozlowski, J., Mikolajczak, K.L., Plattner, R.D., Powell, R.G., Swith, C.R., Weisleder, D., and Zhenng, Q.T., Planta Med., 1985, pp. 40-42.
153. Takemoto, T., Nomoto, T., and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 47, pp. 4953-4956.
154. Koreeda, M., Nakanishi, K., and Goto, M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1970, vol. 92, pp. 7512-7513.
155. Imai, S., Pujioka, S., Murata, E., and Otsuka, K., Chem. Commun., 1969, pp. 82-83.
156. Nazmi Sabri, N., Asaad, A., and Khafagy, S.M., Planta Med., 1981, vol. 42, pp. 293-295.
157. Calcagno, M.P., Camps, F., Coll, J., Mele, E., and Sancher-Baeza, F., Tetrahedron, 1996, pp. 10 137-10 146.
158. Baltayev, U.A., Dinan, L., Girault, J.P., and Lafont, R., Phytochemistry, 1998, vol. 46, pp. 103-105.
159. Calcagno, M.P., Camps, F., Coll, J., Mell, E., and Sanchez-Baeza, F., Tetrahedron, 1995, pp. 12 119-12 126.
160. Wessner, M., Chapion, B., Girault, J.P., Kaouadji, N., Saidi, B., and Lafont, R., Phytochemistry, 1992, vol. 31, pp. 3785-3788.
161. Hikino, H., Nomoto, K., and Takemoto, T., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1971, vol. 19, pp. 433-435.
162. Takemoto, T., Nomoto, K., Hikino, Y., and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 47, pp. 4929-4932.
163. Girault, J.-P., Lafont, R., Varga, E., Hajdu, Z., Herke, I., and Szendrei, K., Phytochemistry, 1988, vol. 27, pp. 737-741.
164. Hikino, H., Nomoto, K., Ino, R., and Takemoto, T., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1970, vol. 18, pp. 1078-1080.
165. Baltaev, U.A. and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1987, no. 5, pp. 681-684.
166. Baltaev, U.A., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1992, no. 2, pp. 231-233.
167. Hikino, H., Nomoto, K., and Takemoto, T., Tetrahedron Lett., 1969, no. 48, pp. 1417-1420.
168. Hikino, H., Hikino, Y., Nomoto, K., and Takemoto, T., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 47, pp. 4895-4906.
169. Calcagno, M.P., Camps, F., Coll, J., and Mele, E., Eur. J. Entomol., 1995, vol. 92, pp. 287-294.
170. Usmanov, B.Z., Rashkes, Ya.V., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin. 1978, no. 4, pp. 466-470.
171. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 26, pp. 3053-3056.
172. Girault, J.P., Bathori, M., Szendrei, K., and Lafont, R., The Ecdysone Handbook, Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland, 1992, pp. 355-356.
173. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., Jin, H., Arai, T., and Hikino, H., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1968, vol. 16, pp. 1636-1637.
174. Murakami, T., Wada, H., and Tanaka, N., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1980, vol. 28, pp. 3137-3139.
175. Bergamasco, R. and Horn, D.H.S., Endocrinology of Insects, New York: Alan. R. Liss. Inc., 1983, p. 627.
176. Kaplanis, J.N., Thompson, M.J., Robbins, W.E., and Bryce, B.M., Science, 1967, vol. 157, p. 1436.
177. McMorris, T.C. and Voeller, B., Phytochemistry, 1971, vol. 10, pp. 1436-1438.
178. Iyez, R.T., Ayengar, K.N.N., and Rangaswami, S., Indian J. Chem., 1973, vol. 11, pp. 1136-1138.
179. Hikino, H. and Hikino, Y., Prog. Chem. Org. Nat. Products, 1970, vol. 28, pp. 256-312.
180. Hikino, H., Mori, K., and Okuyana, T., Steroids, 1976, vol. 28, pp. 649-654.
181. Revina, T.A. and Gur'eva, I.I., Rast. Resursy, 1985, vol. 21, p. 75.
182. Takemoto, T., Okuyama, T., and Arihara, S., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1969, vol. 17, pp. 1973-1974.
183. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., Okuyama, T., Arihara, S., and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 58, pp. 6095-6098.
184. Pis, J., Budesinsky, M., and Harmatha, J., Abstracts of Papers, XII Conf. on Isoprenoids, Chechoslovakia, 1987.
185. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., and Nishimoto, H., Jpn. pat. 11667, RzhKhim., 1972, 1N296P.
186. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., Arai, T., and Hikino, H., Tetrahedron Lett., 1968, no. 16, pp. 4061-4064.
187. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., Arai, T., and Hikino, H., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1968, vol. 16, pp. 759-760.
188. Russel, G.B., Phytochemistry, 1972, vol. 11, p. 1496.
189. Jizba, J., Vasikova, S., and Herout, V., Coll. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1974, vol. 39, pp. 501-505.
190. Hikino, H., Lloydia, 1976, vol. 39, pp. 246-247.
191. Jizba, J., Dolejs, L., Herout, V., and Sorm, F., Tetrahedron Lett., 1971, no. 18, pp. 1329-1332.
192. Grzybek, J., Acta Pol. Pharm., 1983, vol. 40, pp. 259-263.
193. Imai, S., Fujioka, S., Nakanishi, K., Koreeda, M., and Kurokawa, T., Steroids, 1967, vol. 10, pp. 557-565.
194. Galbraith, M.N., Horn, D.H.S., Porter, G.N., and Hackney, R.J., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1968, pp. 971-972.
195. Galbraith, M.N., Horn, D.H.S., Porter, G.N., and Hackney, R.J., J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1969, pp. 402-403.
196. Sancher, L., Wolfango, E., and Brown, K.S., Jr., Ann. Acad. Brasil. Ciens., 1970, vol. 42, p. 7246.
197. Hoffmeister, H., Heinrich, G., Staal, G.B., and van der Burg, W.J., Naturwissenschaften, 1967, vol. 54, p. 471.
198. Takemoto, T., Hikino, Y., Jin, H., and Hikino, H., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1968, vol. 88, p. 359.
199. Ahmad, V.U., Khaliq-uz-zaman, S.M., Ali, M.S., Perveen, S., and Ahmed, W., Fitoterapia, 1996, vol. LXVII, p. 88.
200. Hardman, R. and Benjamin, T.V., Phytochemistry, 1976, vol. 15, pp. 1515-1516.
201. Novosel'skaya, I.L., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1981, no. 3, pp. 402-403.
202. Chen, C., Zhou, J., Zhand, Y., and Gao, C., Acta Bot. Yunnanica, 1983, vol. 5, p. 219, R. Zh. Khim., 1984, 4E65.
203. Chen, C., Zhou, J., Zhand, Y., and Gao, C., Acta Bot. Yunnanica, 1983, vol. 5, p. 219, R. Zh. Khim., 1984, 4E65.
204. Yen, P.H. and Chiang, H.C., J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 1982, vol. 29, p. 39, R. Zh. Khim., 1984, 15E54.
205. Yen, P.H. and Chiang, H.C., J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 1982, vol. 29, p. 39, R. Zh. Khim., 1984, 15E54.
206. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., Nishimoto, N., Hirayama, H., and Taniguchi, S., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1987, vol. 87, p. 748.
207. Santos, A.C., Chua, M.T., Eufemio, N., and Abela, C., Experientia, 1970, vol. 26, pp. 1053-1054.
208. Chua, M.T., Santos, A.C., Abela, C., and Wagner, V., Philipp. J. Sci., 1982, vol. 111, pp. 1-15, R. Zh. Khim., 1989, 5E98.
209. Chua, M.T., Santos, A.C., Abela, C., and Wagner, V., Philipp. J. Sci., 1982, vol. 111, pp. 1-15, R. Zh. Khim., 1989, 5E98.
210. Hou, S., Wang, G., and Xia, K., Chim. Wu Hsuech. Pao, 1980, vol. 22, pp. 207-208.
211. Pandit, S.S., Naik, S.D., Jathar, V.S., and Kulkami, A.B., Indian J. Chem., 1976, vol. 14, pp. 907-908.
212. Banerji, A., Chintalwar, G.J., Joshi, N.K., and Chadha, M.S., Phytochemistry, 1971, vol. 10, pp. 2225-2226.
213. Knight, J.C. and Pettit, G.R., Phytochemistry, 1969, vol. 8, pp. 477-482.
214. Baltaev, U.A., Gorovoi, P.G., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1986, no. 6, p. 794.
215. Saatov, Z., Gorovits, M.B., Abdullaev, N.D., Usmanov, B.Z., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1985, no. 1, p. 60.
216. Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1981, no. 6, p. 686.
217. Revina, T.A., Revushkina, A.S., and Rakitin, A.V., Rast. Resursy, 1988, vol. 24, p. 565.
218. Ikan, R., Ravid, U., Trosset, D., and Schulman, E., Experientia, 1971, vol. 27, pp. 504-505.
219. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., and Nishimoto, N., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1968, vol. 88, pp. 1293-1297.
220. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., Nishimoto, N., and Taniguchi, S., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1967, vol. 87, pp. 1478-1479.
221. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., and Nishimoto, N., Yakugaku Zasshi, 1967, vol. 87, pp. 1521-1523.
222. Hardman, R. and Mahar, S.M.A., Planta Med., 1978, no. 33, pp. 278-279.
223. Takemoto, T., Ogawa, S., and Nishimoto, N., Z. Naturforsch. B, 1967, vol. 22, pp. 681-682.
224. Bathory, M., Toth, I., Sendrei, K., and Reisch, J., Phytochemistry, 1982, vol. 21, pp. 236-238.
225. Rimpler, H. and Schultz, G., Tetrahedron Lett., 1967, no. 22, pp. 2033-2035.
226. Rimpler, H., Pharmaz. Zeitung, 1969, vol. 48, p. 1799.
227. Rimpler, H., Phytochemistry, 1972, vol. 11, p. 2653.
228. Werawattanametin, K., Podimuand, V., and Suksamrarn, A., J. Nat. Prod., 1986, vol. 49, p. 365.
229. Kubo, I., Natsumoto, N., Hanke, J.A., and Ayafor, J.F., J. Chromatography, 1985, vol. 321, pp. 246-248.
230. Suksamrarn, A. and Sommechai, C., Phytochemistry, 1993, vol. 32, pp. 303-306.
231. Ikan, R. and Rawid, U., Phytochemistry, 1971, vol. 10, pp. 1659-1661.
232. Usmanov, B.Z., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1974, no. 2, p. 256.
233. Ikan, R. and Rawid, U., Planta Med., 1971, vol. 20, pp. 33-34.
234. Sabri, N.N., Asaad, A., and Khafagy, S.M., Planta Med., 1981, vol. 42, pp. 293-295.
235. Kubo, I., Klocke, J., and Asano, S., Agr. Biol. Chem., 1981, vol. 45, pp. 1925-1927.
236. Kubo, I., Klocke, J., and Ganjian, I., J. Chromatography, 1983, vol. 257, pp. 157-161.
237. Pia Calcagno, M., Camps, F., Coll, J., Mele, E., Messeguer, J., and Tomas, J., An. Quim., 1994, vol. 90, p. 483.
238. Zatsny, I.L., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1973, no. 2, pp. 175-178.
239. Kholodova, Yu.D., Baltaev, U.A., Volovenko, V.O., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1979, no. 2, pp. 171-174.
240. Bathory, M. and Szendrei, K., Herba Hung., 1982, vol. 21, pp. 157-164.
241. Novosel'skaya, I.L., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1981, no. 6, pp. 668-669.
242. Baltaev, U.A., Gorovits, M.B., Khamidkhodzhaev, S.A., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1974, no. 4, p. 406.
243. Mamatkhanov, A.U., Shamsutdinov, M.-R.I., and Shakirov, T.T., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1979, no. 6, p. 667.
244. Abubakirov, N.K., Khimiya i Zhizn', 1975, no. 11, pp. 57-62.
245. Krasnov, E.A., Saratikov, A.S., and Yakunina, G.D., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1976, no. 5, p. 550.
246. Baltaev, U.A., Gorovits, M.B., and Abubakirov, N.K., Khim. Prir. Soedin., 1987, no. 6, pp. 681-684.
247. Heftmann, E., Sauer, H.H., and Bennett, R.D., Naturwissenschaften, 1968, vol. 55, p. 37.
248. Sauer, H.H., Bennett, R.D., and Heftmann, E., Phytochemistry, 1968, vol. 7, p. 2027.
249. Joly, R.A., Svahn, C.M., Bennett, R.D., and Heftmann, E., Phytochemistry, 1969, vol. 8, p. 1917.
250. Hikino, H., Kohama, T., and Takemoto, T., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1969, vol. 17, p. 415.
251. Hikino, H., Kohama, T., and Takemoto, T., Phytochemistry, 1970, vol. 9, p. 367.
252. De Souza, J.N., Ghisalberti, E.L., Rees, H.H., and Godwin, T.W., Phytochemistry, 1970, vol. 9, p. 1247.
253. Goodwin, T.W. and Mercer, E.I., Introduction to Plant Biochemistry, Oxford: Pergamon, 1983. Translated under the title Vvedenie v biokhimiyu rastenii, Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2, p. 91.
254. Goodwin, T.W. and Mercer, E.I., Introduction to Plant Biochemistry, Oxford: Pergamon, 1983. Translated under the title Vvedenie v biokhimiyu rastenii, Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2, p. 91.
255. Akhrem, A.A. and Kovganko, N.V., Ekdisteroidy. Khimiya i biologicheskaya aktivnost' (Ecdysteroids: Chemistry and Biological Activity), Minsk: Nauka i Tekhnika, 1989, p. 148.
256. Akhrem, A.A. and Kovganko, N.V., Ekdisteroidy. Khimiya i biologicheskaya aktivnost' (Ecdysteroids: Chemistry and Biological Activity), Minsk: Nauka i tekhnika, 1989, p. 132.
257. Goad, L.J., Lipids, 1974, vol. 98, pp. 582-590.
258. Goodwin, T.W. and Mercer, E.I., Introduction to Plant Biochemistry, Oxford: Pergamon, 1983. Translated under the title Vvedenie v biokhimiyu rastenii, Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2, p. 108.
259. Goodwin, T.W. and Mercer, E.I., Introduction to Plant Biochemistry, Oxford: Pergamon, 1983. Translated under the title Vvedenie v biokhimiyu rastenii, Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2, p. 108.
260. Barbier, M., Introduction à écologie chimique, Paris, 1976. Translated under the title Vvedenie v khimicheskuyu ecologiyu, Moscow: Mir, 1978, p. 108.
261. Barbier, M., Introduction à écologie chimique, Paris, 1976. Translated under the title Vvedenie v khimicheskuyu ecologiyu, Moscow: Mir, 1978, p. 108.
262. Goodwin, T.W. and Mercer, E.I., Introduction to Plant Biochemistry, Oxford: Pergamon, 1983. Translated under the title Vvedenie v biokhimiyu rastenii, Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2, p. 86.
263. Goodwin, T.W. and Mercer, E.I., Introduction to Plant Biochemistry, Oxford: Pergamon, 1983. Translated under the title Vvedenie v biokhimiyu rastenii, Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2, p. 86.
264. Slama, K., Entomol. Exp. Appl., 1969, vol. 12, pp. 721-728.
265. Slama, K., Herbivores: Their Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites, Rosenthal, G.A. and Jansen, D.H., Eds., New York: Academic, 1979, pp. 683-700.
266. Stranski, K., Nemets, V., and Slama, K., Fiziologiya Rastenii, 1998, vol. 45, pp. 390-396.
267. Dinen, L., Fiziologiya Rastenii, 1998, vol. 45, pp. 347-359.
268. Adler, J.H. and Grebenok, R.J., Lipids, 1995, vol. 30, pp. 257-262.
269. Grebenok, R.J., Venkatachari, S., and Adler, J.H., Phytochemistry, 1994, vol. 36, pp. 1399-1408.
270. Flora SSSR, Moscow: AN SSSR, 1936, vol. 6, p. 41.
271. Flora SSSR, Moscow: AN SSSR, 1963, vol. 28, p. 308.