Warren McCulloch's search for the logic of the nervous system

Perspectives in Biology and Medicine

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 193-216

  Arbib, Michael A ^a  

^a University of Southern California ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; HISTORY; HUMAN; NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION; NEUROLOGY; UNITED STATES;

HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; MODELS, NEUROLOGICAL; NERVOUS SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY; NEUROLOGY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0034547808     PISSN: 00315982     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/pbm.2000.0001     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Arbib, M. A. A historical perspective. In Brains, Machines, and Mathematics, 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1987.
2. Smalheiser, N. R. Walter Pitts. Persp. Biol.Med. 43(2): 217-26.
3. McCulloch, W. S., and Pitts, W. H. A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity. Bull. Math. Biophys. 5:115-33, 1943.
4. Heims, S. J. The Cybernetics Group. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1991.
5. McCulloch, W. S. Recollections of the many sources of cybernetics. ASC Forum 6(2):5-16, 1974.
6. McCulloch, R. Foreword. In Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch, edited by R. McCulloch. Salinas, CA: Intersystems Publications, 1989. 1-6.
7. Lettvin, J. Y. Introduction to vol. 1. In Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch, edited by R. McCulloch. Salinas, CA: Intersystems Publications, 1989. 7-20.
8. Lettvin, J. Y. McCulloch and Walter. In Collected Work of Warren S. McCulloch, vol. 3, edited by R. McCulloch. Salinas, CA: Intersystems Publications, 1989. 514-29.
9. McCulloch, W. S. Embodiments of Mind. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1965.
10. McCulloch, W. S. What is a number that a man may know it and a man that he may know a number? Gen. Sem. Bull. 26-27:7-18, 1961.
11. (Reprinted in Embodiments of Mind.)
12. Leibniz, G. W. The Monadology of Leibniz, translated by H. W. Carr. Los Angeles: USC Press, 1930.
13. Searle, J. R. Minds, brains, and programs. Behav. Brain Sciences 3:417-57, 1980.
14. Arbib, M. A. In Search of the Person: Philosophical Explorations in Cognitive Science. Amherst: U of Massachusetts Press, 1985.
15. Lettvin, J. Y. Strychnine neuronography. In Collected Works of Warren S. McCulloch, vol. 1, edited by R. McCulloch. Salinas, CA: Intersystems Publications, 1989. 50-58.
16. Turing, A. M. On computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem. Proc. London Math. Soc. Series 2. 42:230-65, 1936.
17. Gödel, K. Über formal unentscheidbare Sätze der Principia Mathematica und verwandter Systeme. I. Monats. Math. Phys. 38:173-98, 1931.
18. Pitts, W. H., and McCulloch, W. S. How we know universals: The perception of auditory and visual forms. Bull. Math. Biophys. 9:127-47, 1947.
19. Von Foerster, H., ed. Cybernetics: Circular, Causal, and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems. Trans. 7th Conference, 24-25 March 1949. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, 1950.
20. Kubie, L. S. A theoretical application to some neurological problems of the properties of excitation waves which move in closed circles. Brain 53:166-77, 1930.
21. McCulloch, W. S. The Past of a Delusion. Pamphlet. Chicago: Chicago Literary Club, 1953.
22. (Reprinted in Embodiments of Mind.)
23. Hubel, D. H., and Wiesel, T. N. Receptive fields of single neurons in the cat's striate cortex. J. Physiol. 1481:574-91, 1959.
24. McCulloch, W. S. The Natural Fit. Pamphlet. Chicago: Chicago Literary Club, 1959.
25. (Reprinted in Embodiments of Mind.)
26. Kant, I. Critique of Pure Reason, translated by N. K. Smith. 1781, 1787. London: Macmillan, 1929.
27. Waddington, C. H. The Strategy of the Genes. London: Allen & Unwin, 1956.
28. Piaget, J. Biology and Knowledge. Edinburgh: Edinburgh UP, 1971.
29. Arbib, M. A. Schema theory: From Kant to McCulloch and beyond. In Brain Processes: Theories and Models. An International Conference in Honor of W. S. McCulloch 25 Years After His Death, edited by R. Moreno-Díaz and J. Mira-Mira. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995. 11-23.
30. Arbib, M. A. Perceptual structures and distributed motor control. In Handbook of Physiology: The Nervous System. II. Motor Control, edited by V. B. Brooks. Bethesda, MD: American Physiological Society, 1981. 1449-80.
31. Arbib, M. A. Schema theory. In The Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence, edited by S. Shapiro. New York: Wiley-Interscience, 1992. 1427-43.
32. Shannon, C. E., and McCarthy, J., eds. Automata Studies. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1956.
33. Apter, J. T. Eye movements following strychninization of the superior colliculus of cats. J. Neurophysiol. 9:73-85, 1946.
34. Van Gisbergen, J., and Van Opstal, J. Collicular visuomotor transformations for saccades. In The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks, edited by M. A. Arbib. Cambridge: Bradford Books/MIT Press, 1995. 206-10.
35. Lettvin, J. Y., Maturana, H., McCulloch, W. S., and Pitts, W. H. What the frog's eye tells the frog brain. Proceed. IRE 47:1940-51, 1959.
36. Magoun, H. W. The Waking Brain, 2nd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, 1963.
37. Scheibel, M. E., and Scheibel, A. B. Structural substrates for integrative patterns in the brain stem reticular core. In Reticular Formation of the Brain, edited by H. H. Jasper, et al. Boston: Little, Brown, 1958. 31-68.
38. Kilmer, W. L., McCulloch, W. S., and Blum, J. A model of the vertebrate central command system. Int. J. Man-Machine Stud. 1:279-309, 1969.
39. Von Neumann, J. Probabilistic logics and the synthesis of reliable organisms from unreliable components. In Automata Studies, edited by C. E. Shannon and J. McCarthy. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1956. 43-98.
40. McCulloch, W. S. Agatha Tyche of nervous nets: The lucky reckoners. In Mechanization of Thought Processes. London: Stationery Office, 1959. 611-25.
41. Shannon, C. E. The mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Tech. J. 27:379-423 and 623-56, 1948.
42. (Reprinted with an introductory essay by W. Weaver as Shannon, C. E., and Weaver, W. Mathematical Theory of Communication. Urbana: U of Illinois Press, 1949.)
43. Winograd, S., and Cowan, J. D. Reliable Computation in the Presence of Noise. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1963.
44. Von Neumann, J., Burks, A., and Goldstein, H. H. Planning and Coding of Problems for an Electronic Computing Instrument. Princeton: Institute for Advanced Study, 1947-48.
45. (Reprinted in Von Neumann's Collected Works 5:80-235.)
46. Rosenblatt, F. The perceptron: A probabilistic model for information storage and organization in the brain. Psychol. Rev. 65:386-408, 1958.
47. Hebb, D. O. The Organization of Behavior: A Neuropsychological Theory. New York: John Wiley, 1949.
48. Rumelhart, D. E., and McClelland, J. L., eds. Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition. 2 vols. Cambridge: Bradford Book/ MIT Press, 1986.
49. Perkel, D. H. Logical neurons: The enigmatic legacy of Warren McCulloch. Trends Neurosci. 11:9-12, 1988.
50. Moreno-Díaz, R., and Mira-Mira, J. Logic and neural nets: Variations on themes by W. S. McCulloch. In Brain Processes: Theories and Models. An International Conference in Honor of W. S. McCulloch 25 Years After His Death, edited by R. Moreno-Díaz and J. Mira-Mira. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1995. 24-36.
51. Arbib, M. A., Erdi, P., and Szentagothai, J. Neural Organization: Structure, Function, and Dynamics. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1998.