Cell volume in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptotic cell death

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry

Volumn 10, Issue 5-6, 2000, Pages 417-428

  Lang, Florian ^a   Ritter, Markus ^a   Gamper, Nikita ^a   Huber, Stephan ^a   Fillon, Sophie ^a   Tanneur, Valerie ^a   Lepple Wienhues, Albrecht ^a   Szabo, Ildiko ^a   Gulbins, Erich ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Cl channels; K + channels; Lymphocytes; Mitosis; Na + ,K + ,2Cl cotransporter; Na + H + exchanger; Osmolytes

Indexed keywords

CHLORIDE CHANNEL; POTASSIUM CHANNEL;

ANIMAL CELL; APOPTOSIS; CALCIUM SIGNALING; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL VOLUME; ION TRANSPORT; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; OSMOLARITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTON SODIUM EXCHANGE; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW;

EID: 0034535126     PISSN: 10158987     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000016367     Document Type: Review

References (139)

1. Nagata S, Goldstein P: The Fas death factor. Science 1995;267:1449-1456.
2. Shankland SJ, Wolf G: Cell cycle regulatory proteins in renal disease: role in hypertrophy, proliferation, and apoptosis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000;278:F515-F529.
3. Pendergrass WR, Angello JC, Kirschner MD, Norwood TH: The relationship between the rate of entry into S phase, concentration of DNA polymerase alpha, and cell volume in human diploid fibroblast-like monokaryon cells. Exp Cell Res 1991;192:418-425.
4. Calvert GR, Dawes IW: Cell size control of development in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nature 1984;312:61-63.
5. Cross FR: DAF1, a mutant gene affecting size control, pheromone arrest, and cell cycle kinetics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol 1988;8:4675-4684.
6. Michea L, Ferguson DR, Peters EM, Andrews PM, Kirby MR, Burg MB: Cell cycle delay and apoptosis are induced by high salt and urea in renal medullary cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000;278:F209-F218.
7. Yu SP, Choi DW: Ions, cell volume, and apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:9360-9362.
8. Maeno E, Ishizaki Y, Kanaseki T, Hazama A, Okada Y: Normotonic cell shrinkage because of disordered volume regulation is an early prerequisite of apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:9487-9492.
9. Lang F, Busch GL, Ritter M, Voelkl H, Waldegger S, Gulbins E, Haeussinger D: Functional significance of cell volume regulatory mechanisms. Physiol Rev 1998b;78:247-306.
10. Lang F, Busch GL, Voelkl H: The diversity of volume regulatory mechanisms. Cell Physiol Biochem 1998c;8:1-45.
11. Bianchini L, Grinstein S: Regulation of volume-modulating ion transport systems by growth promoters; in Lang F, Häussinger D (eds): Advances in Comparative and Environmental Physiology. Heidelberg, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp 249-270.
12. + exchange and growth factor induced cystolic pH changes. Role in cellular proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta 1989;988:73-97.
13. + exchanger stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells. ATP dependence, osmotic sensitivity, and role in cell proliferation. J Biol Chem 1994;269:23544-23552.
14. Palfrey HC, O'Donnel ME: Characteristics and regulation of the Na/K/2Cl cotransporter. Cell Physiol Biochem 1992;2:293-307.
15. Ritter M, Wöll E: Modification of cellular ion transport by the ha-ras oncogene: steps towards malignant transformation. Cell Physiol Biochem 1996;6:245-270.
16. + exchange in cultured fibroblasts. Curr Top Membr Trans 1986;26:175-192.
17. + exchanger for tumor growth. Cancer Res 1989;49:205-211.
18. Swallow CJ, Grinstein S, Sudsbury RA, Rotstein OD: Cytoplasmic pH regulation in monocytes and macrophages: mechanisms and functional implications. Clin Invest Med 1991;14:367-378.
19. Shrode LD, Tapper H, Grinstein S: Role of intracellular pH in proliferation, transformation, and apoptosis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 1997;29:393-399.
20. 2+ . Am J Physiol 1990;259:F269-F278.
21. + antiport. Cytoplasmic alkalinization is not required for lymphocyte proliferation. J Biol Chem 1985;260:12500-12507.
22. + -exchanger by CD95(Fas/Apo-1)-receptor stimulation. Pflügers Arch 2000b;440:902-907.
23. + channel in T-lymphocytes upon Fas-stimulation. J Biol Chem 1996;271:20465-20469.
24. Manolopoulos VG, Droogmans G, Nilius B: Hypotonicity and thrombin activate taurine efflux in BC(3)H1 and C2C12 myoblasts that is down regulated during differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997;232:74-79.
25. - currents during muscle differentiation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 1997;41:C667-C674.
26. - channels in macrovascular endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 1997;121:547-555.
27. Voets T, Szucs G, Droogmans G, Nilius B: Blockers of volume-activated Cl- currents inhibit endothelial cell proliferation. Pflugers Arch 1995;431:132-134.
28. Ritter M, Wöll E, Waldegger S, Häussinger D, Lang HJ, Scholz W, Schölkens B, Lang F: Cell shrinkage stimulates bradykinin induced cell membrane potential oscillations in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts expressing the Ras-oncogene. Pflügers Arch 1993;423:221-224.
29. + channel block-induced mammalian neuroblastoma cell swelling: a possible mechanism to influence proliferation. J Physiol Lond 1998;510:93-102.
30. Szabo I, Lepple-Wienhues A, Kaba NK, Zoratti M, Gulbins E, Lang F: Tyrosine kinase dependent activation of a chloride channel in CD95-induced apoptosis in T-lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:6169-6174.
31. lck mediates activation of swelling-induced chloride channels in lymphocytes. J Cell Biol 1998;141:281-286.
32. Gulbins E, Szabo I, Baltzer K, Lang F: Ceramide-induced inhibition of T lymphocyte voltage-gated potassium channel is mediated by tyrosine kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997a;94:7661-7666.
33. Gottlieb RA, Nordberg J, Skowronski E, Babior BM: Apoptosis induced in Jurkat cells by several agents is preceded by intracellular acidification. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:654-658.
34. Miller GW, Schnellmann RG: Cytoprotection by inhibition of chloride channels: the mechanism of action of glycine and strychnine. Life Sci 1993;53:1211-1215.
35. Erdo S, Michler A, Wolff JR: GABA accelerates exitotoxic cell death in cortical cultures: protection by blockers of GABA-gated chloride channels. Brain Res 1991;542:254-258.
36. Lang F, Friedrich F, Kahn E, Wöll E, Hammerer M, Waldegger S, Maly K, Grunicke H: Bradykinin-induced oscillations of cell membrane potential in cells expressing the Ha-ras oncogene. J Biol Chem 1991;266:4938-4942.
37. Gelfand EW, Cheung RK, Mills GB, Grinstein S: Role of membrane potential in the response of human T lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin. J Immunol 1987b;138:527-531.
38. Grissmer S, Nguyen AN, Cahalan MD: Calcium-activated potassium channels in resting and activated human T lymphocytes: Expression levels, calcium dependence, ion selectivity, and pharmacology. J Gen Physiol 1993;102:601-630.
39. + channel-dependent migration of Fibroblasts and human melanoma cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 1999;9:126-132.
40. Skryma RN, Prevarskaya NB, Dufy-Barbe L, Odessa MF, Audin J, Dufy B: Potassium conductance in the androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP: involvement in cell proliferation. Prostate 1997;33:112-122.
41. + exchange and phospholipid turnover. Immunol Rev 1987a;95:59-87.
42. Nilius B, Schwarz G, Droogmans G: Control of intracellular calcium by membrane potential in human melanoma cells. Am J Physiol 1993;265:C1501-C1510.
43. Nilius B, Wohlrab W: Potassium channels and regulation of proliferation of human melanoma cells. J Physiol Lond 1992;445:537-548.
44. + current of HeLa cells with progression of the cell cycle studied by patch-clamp technique. Am J Physiol 1993;265:C328-C336.
45. + channel activity. Am J Physiol 1996;271:C2037-C2044.
46. Szabo I, Gulbins E, Lang F: Regulation of Kv1.3 during Fas-induced apoptosis. Cell Physiol Biochem 1997a;7:148-158.
47. + channels in T lymphocytes: functional consequences for volume regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90:10036-10040.
48. Holmes TC, Fadool DA, Ren RB, Levitan IB: Association of Src tyrosine kinase with a human potassium channel mediated by SH3 domain. Science 1996;274:2089-2091.
49. + channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998;95:11703-11708.
50. Gulbins E, Bissonnette R, Mahboubi A, Martin S, Nishioka W, Brunner T, Baier G, Baier-Bitterlich G, Byrd C, Lang G, Kolesnick R, Altman A, Green D: Fas-induced apoptosis is mediated via a ceramide initiated ras signalling pathway. Immunity 1995;2:341-351.
51. sk protein regulation by oxidation or chelation. J Biol Chem 1995;270:3638-3641.
52. + channels in T lymphocytes and Xenopus oocytes. Pflügers Arch 1997b;433:626-632.
53. + channels to ractive oxygen species. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:11796-11800.
54. Lang F, Lepple-Wienhues A, Paulmichl M, Szabo I, Siemen D, Gulbins E: Ion channels, cell volume and apoptotitc cell death. Cell Physiol Biochem 1998d;8:285-292.
55. Bankers-Fulbright JL, Kephart GM, Bradford AL, Okada S, Kita H, Gleich GJ: Sulfonylureas inhibit cytokine-induced esinophil survival and activation. J Immunol 1998;160:5546-5553.
56. + channel in malignant astrocytoma cell lines. J Neurosci Res 1997;48:122-127.
57. Miki T, Tashiro F, Iwanaga T, Nagashima K, Yoshitomi H, Aihara H, Nitta Y, Gonoi T, Inagaki N, Miyazaki J, Seino S: Abnormalities of pancreatic islets by targeted expression of a dominant-negative K-ATP channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:11969-11973.
58. Jacob R, Krieglstein J: Influence of flupirtine on a G-protein coupled inwardly rectifying potassium current in hippocampal neurones. Brit J Pharmacol 1997;122:1333-1338.
59. Lauritzen I, De Weille JR, Lazdunski M: The potassium channel opener (-)-cromakalim prevents glutamate-induced cell death in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem 1997;69:1570-1579.
60. Harrison SM, RofflerTarlov SK: Cell death during development of testis and cerebellum in the mutant mouse weaver. Dev Biol 1998;195:174-186.
61. Migheli A, Attanasio A, Lee WH, Bayer SA, Ghetti B: Detection of apoptosis in weaver cerebellum by electron microscopic in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA. Neurosci Lett 1995;199:53-56.
62. Migheli A, Piva R, Wei J, Attanasio A, Casolino S, Hodes ME, Dlouhy SR, Bayer SA, Ghetti B: Diverse cell death pathways result from a single missense mutation in weaver mouse. Am J Pathol 1997;151:1629-1638.
63. Murtomaki S, Trenkner E, Wright JM, Saksela O, Liesi P: Increased proteolytic activity of the granule neurons may contribute to neuronal death in the weaver mouse cerebellum. Dev Biol 1995;168:635-648.
64. Oo TF, Blazeski R, Harrison SMW, Henchcliffe C, Mason CA, RofflerTarlov SK, Burke RE: Neuron death in substantia nigra of weaver mouse occurs late in development and is not apoptotic. J Neurosci 1996;16:6134-6145.
65. Beauvais F, Michel L, Dubertret L: Human eosinophils in culture undergo a striking and a rapid shrinkage during apoptosis. J Leukoc Biol 1995;57:851-855.
66. Benson RSP, Heer S, Dive C, Watson AJM: Characterization of cell volume loss in CEM-C7A cells during dexamethasone induced cell death. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 1996;39:C1190-C1203.
67. McCarthy JV, Cotter TG: Cell shrinkage and apoptosis: a role for potassium and sodium ion efflux. Cell Death Diff 1997;4:756-770.
68. Yu SP, Yeh CH, Sensi SL, Gwag BK, Canzoniero LM, Farhangrazi ZS, Ying HS, Tian M, Dugan LL, Choi DW: Mediation of neuronal apoptosis by enhancement of outward potassium current. Science 1997;278:114-117.
69. Colom LV, Diaz ME, Beers DR, Neely A, Xie WJ, Appel SH: Role of potassium channels in amylorid-induced cell death. J Neurochem 1998;70:1925-1934.
70. 2+ and reactive oxygen species in staurosporine-induced neuronal apoptosis. J Neurochem 1997;68:1679-1685.
71. Gantner F, Uhlig S, Wendel A. Quinine inhibits release of tumor necrosis factor, apoptosis, necrosis and mortality in a murine model of septic liver failure. Eur J Pharmacol 1995;294:353-355.
72. Gleichmann M, Beinroth S, Reed JC, Krajewski S, Schulz JB, Wullner U, Klockgether T, Weller M: Potassium deprivation-induced apoptosis of cerebellar granule neurons: Cytochrome c release in the absence of altered expression of Bcl-2 family proteins. Cell Physiol Biochem 1998;8:194-201.
73. 2+ channels in excitable tissues. Cell Physiol Biochem 1993;3:295-317.
74. Parekh AB, Penner R: Store depletion and calcium influx. Physiol Rev 1997;77:901-930.
75. + suppresses the activation of apoptosis in lymphocytes. J Biol Chem 1997;272:30567-30576.
76. Hughes FM Jr, Cidlowski JA: Potassium is a critical regulator of apoptotic enzymes in vitro and in vivo. Adv Enzyme Regul 1999;39:157-171.
77. Montague JW, Bortner CD, Hughes FM Jr, Cidlowski JA: A necessary role for reduced intracellular potassium during the DNA degradation phase of apoptosis. Steroids 1999;64:563-569.
78. Lang F, Öttl I, Häussinger D: Influence of hepatic innervation on renal glomerular filtration rate. Pflügers Arch 1993;425:268-271.
79. Tilly BC, Tertoolen LG, Remorie R, Ladoux A, Verlaan I, de Laat SW, Moolenaar WH: Histamine as a growth factor and chemoattractant for human carcinoma and melanoma cells: action through Ca2(+)-mobilizing H1 receptors. J Cell Biol 1990;110:1211-1215.
80. Berridge MJ, Lipp P, Bootman MD: The versatility and universality of calcium signalling. Nature Rev 2000;1:11-21.
81. Gelfand EW, Cheung RK, Grinstein S, Mills GB: Characterization of the role for calcium influx in mitogen-induced triggering of human T cells. Identification of calcium-dependent and calcium-independent signals. Eur J Immunol 1986;16:907-912.
82. 2+ and not recruitment from internal stores is essential for T lymphocyte proliferation. Eur J Immunol 1988;18:917-922.
83. Lepple-Wienhues A, Belka C, Laun T, Jekle A, Walter B, Wieland U, Welz M, Heil L, Kun J, Busch G, Weller M, Bamberg M, Gulbins E, Lang F: Stimulation of CD95 (Fas) blocks T lymphocyte calcium channels through sphingomyelinase and sphingolipids. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999;96:13795-13800.
84. Chacon-Cruz E, Oelberg DG, Davis P, Buescher ES: Membrane depolarization and depletion of intracellular calcium stores are associated with delay of apoptosis in human neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol 1998;64:759-766.
85. Levick V, Coffey H, D'Mello SR: Opposing effects of thapsigargin on the survival of developing cerebellar granule neurons in culture. Brain Res 1995;676:325-335.
86. 2+ stores in the survival of developing cultured neurons. J Neurochem 1999;73:457-465.
87. Bennett MR, Huxlin KR: Neuronal cell death in the mammalian nervous system: The calmortin hypothesis. Gen Pharmacol 1996;27:407-419.
88. 2+ stores in induction and suppression of apoptosis in S49 cells. Am J Physiol 1997;41:C1241-C1249.
89. Caron-Leslie LA, Cidlowski JA: Similar actions of glucocorticoids and calcium on the regulation of apoptosis in S49 cells. Mol Endocrinol 1991;5:1169-1179.
90. Chow SC, Kass GE, Orrenius S: Purines and their roles in apoptosis. Neuropharmacology 1997;36:1149-1156.
91. McConkey DJ, Orrenius S: The role of calcium in the regulation of apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997;239:357-366.
92. 2+ : Physiological regulation and role in apoptosis. Mol Cell Biochem 1994;135:89-98.
93. Nicotera P, Zhivotovsky B, Orrenius S: Nuclear calcium transport and the role of calcium in apoptosis. Cell Calcium 1994;16:279-288.
94. Orrenius S, Nicotera P: The calcium ion and cell death. J Neural Transm Suppl 1994;43:1-11.
95. Rodriguez-Lopez AM, Martinez-Salgado C, Eleno N, Arevalo M, Lopez-Novoa JM: Nitric oxide is involved in apoptosis induced by thapsigargin in rat mesangial cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 1999;9:285-296.
96. Santella L, Carafoli E: Calcium signalling in the cell nucleus. FASEB J 1997;11:1091-1109.
97. Smith RG, Siklos L, Alexianu ME, Engelhardt JI, Mosier DR, Colom L, HabibMohammed A, Appel SH: Autoimmunity and ALS. Neurology 1996;47:40-45.
98. El Azzouzi B, Tsangaris GT, Pellegrini O, Manuel Y, Beveniste J, Thomas Y: Cadmium induces apoptosis in a human T cell line. Toxicology 1994;88:127-139.
99. Fletcher CF, Lutz CM, O'Sullivan TN, Shaughnessy JD Jr, Hawkes R, Frankel WN, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA: Absence epilepsy in tottering mutant mice is associated with calcium channel defects. Cell 1996;87:607-617.
100. Chan SL, Mattson MP: Caspase and calpain substrates: roles in synaptic plasticity and cell death. J Neurosci Res 1999;58:167-190.
101. Gaido ML, Cidlowski JA: Identification, purification, and characterization of a calcium-dependent endonuclease (NUC18) from apoptotic rat thymocytes. NUC18 is not histone H2B. J Biol Chem 1991;266:18580-18585.
102. Montague JW, Gaido ML, Frye C, Cidlowski JA: A calcium-dependent nuclease from apoptotic rat thymocytes is homologous with cyclophilin. Recombinant cyclophilins A, B, and C have nuclease activity. J Biol Chem 1994;269:18877-18880.
103. Walker PR, Sikorska M: New aspects of the mechanism of DNA fragmentation in apoptosis. Biochem Cell Biol 1997;75:287-299.
104. Budd SL: Mechanisms of neuronal damage in brain hypoxia/ischemia: focus on the role of mitochondrial calcium accumulation. Pharmacol Ther 1998;80:203-229.
105. Wallace KB, Eells JT, Madeira VM, Cortopassi G, Jones DP: Mitochondria-mediated cell injury. Symposium overview. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1997;38:23-37.
106. Bonfoco E, Leist M, Zhivotovsky B, Orrenius S, Lipton SA, Nicotera P: Cytoskeletal breakdown and apoptosis elicited by NO donors in cerebellar granule cells require NMDA receptor activation. J Neurochem 1996;67:2484-2493.
107. Ikeda J, Terakawa S, Murota S, Morita I, Hirakawa K: Nuclear disintegration as a laeding step of glutamate excitotoxicity in brain neurons. J Neurosci Res 1996;43:613-622.
108. Le WD, Colom LV, Xie WJ, Smith RG, Alexianu M, Appel SH: Cell death induced by beta-amylorid 1-40 in Mes 23,5 hybrid clone: the role of nitric oxid and NMDA-gated channel activation leading to apoptosis. Brain Res 1995;686:49-60.
109. Dargent B, Arsac C, Tricaud N, Couraud F: Activation of voltage-dependent sodium channels in cultured cerebellar poffule cells induced neurotoxicity that is not mediated by glutamate release. Neurosci 1996;73:209-216.
110. Norman DJ, Feng L, Cheng SS, Gubbay J, Chan E, Heintz N: The lurcher gene induces apoptotic death in cerbellar Purkinje cells. Development 1995;121:1183-1193.
111. Zuo J, De Jager PL, Takahashi KA, Jiang WN, Linden DJ, Heintz N: Neurodegeneration in Lurcher mice caused by mutation in delta 2 glutamate receptor gene. Nature 1997;388:769-773.
112. Apasov SV, Koshiba M, Chused TM, Sitkovsky MV: Effects of extracellular ATP and adenosine on different thymocyte subsets: possible role of ATP-gated channels and G-protein-coupled purinergic receptor. J Immunol 1997;158:5095-5105.
113. Chvatchko Y, Valera S, Aubry JP, Renno T, Buell G, Bonnefoy JY: The involvement of an ATP-gated ion channel, P(2X1), in thymocyte apoptosis. Immunity 1996;5:275-283.
114. Brake AJ, Wagenbach MJ, Julius D: New structural motif for ligand-gated ion channels defined by an inotropic ATP receptor. Nature 1994;371:519-523.
115. Lin MC, Mirzabekkov T, Kagan BL: Channel formation by neurotoxic prion protein fragment. J Biol Chem 1997;271:44-47.
116. Klip A, Mack E, Cragoe EJ Jr, Grinstein S: Regulation of amino acid uptake by phorbol esters and hypertonic solutions in rat thymocytes. J Cell Physiol 1986;127:244-252.
117. Lawitts JA, Biggers JD: Joint effects of sodium chloride, glutamine, and glucose in mouse preimplantation embryo culture media. Mol Reprod Dev 1992;31:189-194.
118. Yancey PH, Burg MB: Counteracting effects of urea and betaine in mammalian cells in culture. Am J Physiol 1990;258:R198-R204.
119. Yancey PH, Burg MB, Bagnasco SM: Effects of NaCl, glucose and aldose reductase inhibitors on cloning efficiency of renal medullary cells. Am J Physiol 1990;258:C156-C163.
120. Lang F, Madlung J, Uhlemann AC, Risler T, Gulbins E: Cellular taurine release triggered by stimulation of the Fas(CD95) receptor in jurkat lymphocytes. Pflügers Arch 1998a;436:377-383.
121. Moran J, Hernandez-Pech X, Merchant-Larios H, Pasantes-Morales H: Release of taurine in apoptotic cerebellar granule neurons in culture. Pflugers Arch 2000;439:271-277.
122. Kitamura H, Yamauchi A, Sugiura T, Matsuoka Y, Horio M, Tohyama M, Shimada S, Imai E, Hori M: Inhibition of myo-inositol transport causes acute renal failure with selective medullary injury in the rat. Kidney Int 1998;53:146-153.
123. Rosette C, Karin M: Ultraviolet light and osmotic stress: activation of the JNK cascade through multiple growth factor and cytokine receptors. Science 1996;274:1194-1197.
124. Bortner CD, Cidlowski JA: Absence of volume regulatory mechanisms contributes to the rapid activation of apoptosis in thymocytes. Am J Physiol 1996;40:C950-C961.
125. + efflux in the activation of apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1997;272:32436-32442.
126. Bortner CD, Cidlowski JA: A necessary role for cell shrinkage in apoptosis. Biochem Pharmacol 1998;56:1549-1559.
127. + cell shrinkage, and mitochondrial membrane potential during lymphocyte apoptosis. J Biol Chem 1999;274:21953-21962.
128. Loffing J, Loffing-Cueni D, Hegyi I, Kaplan MR, Hebert SC, Le-Hir M, Kaissling B: Thiazide treatment of rats provokes apoptosis in distal tubule cells. Kidney Int 1996;50:1180-1190.
129. Gulbins E, Welsch J, Lepple-Wienhues A, Heinle H, Lang F: Inhibition of Fas induced apoptotic cell death by osmotic cell shrinkage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1997b;236:517-521.
130. Saha N, Stoll B, Lang F, Häussinger D: Effect of anisotonic cell volume modulation on glutathione-s-conjugate release, t-butylhydroperoxide metabolism and the pentose-phosphate shunt in perfused rat liver. Eur J Biochem 1992;209:437-444.
131. Berridge MV, Tan AS, McCoy KD, Kansara M, Rudert F: CD95 (Fas/Apo-1)-induced apoptosis results in loss of glucose transporter function. J Immunol 1996;156:4092-4099.
132. Kuchkina NV, Orlov SN, Pokudin NI, Chuchalin AG. Volume-dependent regulation of the respiratory burst of activated human neutrophils. Experientia 1993;49:995-997.
133. Lang F, Madlung J, Siemen D, Ellory C, Lepple-Wienhues A, Gulbins E: The involvement of caspases in the CD95(Fas/ Apo-1)-but not swelling-induced cellular taurine release from Jurkat T-lymphocytes. Pflügers Arch 2000a;440:93-99.
134. Uhlemann AC, Müller C, Madlung J, Gulbins E, Lang F: Inhibition of CD95/Fas-Induced DNA Degradation by Osmotic Cell Shrinkage. Cell Phys Biochem 2000;10:219-228.
135. Beck FX, Neuhofer W, Muller E: Molecular chaperones in the kidney: distribution, putative roles, and regulation. Am J Physiol 2000;279:F203-F215.
136. + and cell shrinkage. A role for PKC upstream of caspases. J Biol Chem 2000;275:19609-19619.
137. Dmitrieva N, Kultz D, Michea L, Ferraris J, Burg M: Protection of renal inner medullary epithelial cells from apoptosis by hypertonic stress-induced p53 activation. J Biol Chem 2000;275:18243-18247.
138. Pohl U, Wagenknecht B, Naumann U, Weller M: p53 enhances BAK and CD95 expression in human malignant glioma cells but does not enhance CD95L-induced apoptosis. Cell Physiol Biochem 1999;9:29-37.
139. Wagenknecht B, Hermisson M, Eitel K, Weller M: Proteasome inhibitors induce p53/p21-independent apoptosis in human glioma cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 1999;9:117-125.