The new security dilemma: Divisibility, defection and disorder in the global era

Review of International Studies

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 623-646

  Cerny, Philip G ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 0034366122     PISSN: 02602105     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0260210500006239     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. John H. Herz, 'Idealist Internationalism and the Security Dilemma', World Politics, 3:2 (January 1950), pp. 157-80; Robert Jervis, 'Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma', World Politics, 30:2 (January 1978), pp. 167-214; Barry Buzan, 'Change and Insecurity: A Critique of Strategic Studies', in Barry Buzan and R.J. Barry Jones (eds.), Change and the Study of International Relations: The Evaded Dimension (London: Pinter, 1981), pp. 155-172.
2. John H. Herz, 'Idealist Internationalism and the Security Dilemma', World Politics, 3:2 (January 1950), pp. 157-80; Robert Jervis, 'Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma', World Politics, 30:2 (January 1978), pp. 167-214; Barry Buzan, 'Change and Insecurity: A Critique of Strategic Studies', in Barry Buzan and R.J. Barry Jones (eds.), Change and the Study of International Relations: The Evaded Dimension (London: Pinter, 1981), pp. 155-172.
3. John H. Herz, 'Idealist Internationalism and the Security Dilemma', World Politics, 3:2 (January 1950), pp. 157-80; Robert Jervis, 'Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma', World Politics, 30:2 (January 1978), pp. 167-214; Barry Buzan, 'Change and Insecurity: A Critique of Strategic Studies', in Barry Buzan and R.J. Barry Jones (eds.), Change and the Study of International Relations: The Evaded Dimension (London: Pinter, 1981), pp. 155-172.
4. See Emerson M.S. Niou, Peter C. Ordeshook and Gregory F. Rose, The Balance of Power: Stability in International Systems (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989).
5. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics (Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1979); Barry Buzan, Charles Jones and Richard Little, The Logic of Anarchy: Neorealism to Structural Realism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993).
6. Kenneth N. Waltz, Theory of International Politics (Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1979); Barry Buzan, Charles Jones and Richard Little, The Logic of Anarchy: Neorealism to Structural Realism (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993).
7. Marcel Merle, The Sociology of International Relations (London: Berg, 1987).
8. As expressed in the equation G=i+t+(i×t); for a further discursive exploration of this definition and related issues, see P.G. Cerny, 'Globalizing the Political and Politicizing the Global: Concluding Reflections on International Political Economy as a Vocation', New Political Economy, 4:1 (January 1999), pp. 147-62.
9. The particular formulation used here draws from Beth A. Simmons, 'Divisibility, Defection and the Emerging Regulatory Framework for International Capital Markets', paper delivered at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, San Francisco, 31 August 1996.
10. Mancur Olson, The Logic of Collective Action (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971 [1965]), Oliver P. Williamson, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism (New York: Free Press, 1985), and P.G. Cerny, 'Globalization and the Changing Logic of Collective Action', International Organization, 49:4 (Autumn 1995), pp. 595-625.
11. Mancur Olson, The Logic of Collective Action (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971 [1965]), Oliver P. Williamson, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism (New York: Free Press, 1985), and P.G. Cerny, 'Globalization and the Changing Logic of Collective Action', International Organization, 49:4 (Autumn 1995), pp. 595-625.
12. Mancur Olson, The Logic of Collective Action (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971 [1965]), Oliver P. Williamson, The Economic Institutions of Capitalism (New York: Free Press, 1985), and P.G. Cerny, 'Globalization and the Changing Logic of Collective Action', International Organization, 49:4 (Autumn 1995), pp. 595-625.
13. Simmons, 'Divisibility, Defection', p. 5.
14. Ibid., p. 7.
15. Such institutionalized mechanisms can, of course, be the product either of deductive design or of inductive trial-and-error (iterative game) processes.
16. P.G. Cerny, 'European Defence and the New Détente: The Collapse of the Cold War System', West European Politics, 13:4 (October 1990), pp. 139-51.
17. Albert O. Hirschman, Exit, Voice and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970).
18. See Karsten Ronit and Volker Schneider (eds.), Private Organizations in Global Politics (London: Routledge, 2000).
19. See Jervis, 'Cooperation under the Security Dilemma'.
20. James N. Rosenau, National Leadership and Foreign Policy: A Case Study in the Mobilization of Public Support (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1963).
21. See Barbara W. Tuchman, A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1978).
22. For example, Waltz, Theory of International Politics.
23. If not in Marxist and other critical approaches - although Lenin's perspective on imperialism may have more in common with that mainstream than with internationalist strains of Marxism. V. I. Lenin, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (A Popular Outline) (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1947); see also Anthony Brewer, Marxist Theories of Imperialism (London: Routledge, 1982).
24. If not in Marxist and other critical approaches - although Lenin's perspective on imperialism may have more in common with that mainstream than with internationalist strains of Marxism. V. I. Lenin, Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (A Popular Outline) (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1947); see also Anthony Brewer, Marxist Theories of Imperialism (London: Routledge, 1982).
25. Especially in terms of nuclear war and proliferation.
26. Daniel Bell, The End of Ideology: On the Exhaustion of Political Ideas in the Fifties (New York: Basic Books, 1960).
27. Francis Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man (New York: Free Press, 1992).
28. Ronald J. Deibert, Parchment, Printing, and Hypermedia: Communication in World Order Transformation (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997).
29. Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990).
30. These issues are explored more fully in Cerny, 'Globalization and the Changing Logic of Collective Action'.
31. P.G. Cerny, 'Paradoxes of the Competition State: The Dynamics of Globalization', Government and Opposition, 32:2 (Spring 1997), pp. 251-74.
32. Andrew Latham and Nicholas Hooper (eds.), The Future of the Defence Firm: New Challenges, New Directions (Dordrecht and London: Kluwer Academic, 1995).
33. Volker Leib and Raymund Werle, 'Private Organizations in the Governance of International Telecommunications: The Case of the Internet Society', in Ronit and Schneider, Private Organizations; also see Philip E. Steinberg and Stephen D. McDowell, 'The Governance of Global Cyberspace: Spatial Constructivism and its Implications for International Relations Theory', paper delivered at the Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, Washington, DC, 16-20 February 1999.
34. Volker Leib and Raymund Werle, 'Private Organizations in the Governance of International Telecommunications: The Case of the Internet Society', in Ronit and Schneider, Private Organizations; also see Philip E. Steinberg and Stephen D. McDowell, 'The Governance of Global Cyberspace: Spatial Constructivism and its Implications for International Relations Theory', paper delivered at the Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, Washington, DC, 16-20 February 1999.
35. An analytical distinction further developed in Barry Buzan, People, States and Fear: The National Security Problem in International Relations, 2nd edn. (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 1991).
36. Huntington, S.P. (1997). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon and Schuster).
37. Britain's proxy intervention in Sierra Leone through the private Sandline organization, although partly successful in the short term on the ground, embarrassed the Labour Government, nearly brought down the Foreign Secretary and led to a greater reluctance to try such adventures again.
38. Florian Znaniecki, Modern Nationalities: A Sociological Study (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1973 [1952]).
39. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities (London: Verso, 1991).
40. Roland Robertson, Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture (London: Sage, 1992), p. 102.
41. Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977, edited by Colin Gordon (New York: Pantheon Books, 1980); Henri Goverde, P.G. Ceray, Mark Haugaard and Howard H. Lentner (eds.), Power in Contemporary Politics: Theories, Practices, Globalizations (London and Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2000).
42. Michel Foucault, Power/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977, edited by Colin Gordon (New York: Pantheon Books, 1980); Henri Goverde, P.G. Ceray, Mark Haugaard and Howard H. Lentner (eds.), Power in Contemporary Politics: Theories, Practices, Globalizations (London and Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2000).
43. At the time of writing, Western policymakers were considering just such a dilemma with regard to Kosovo.
44. See Stephen Krasner (ed.), International Regimes (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1982).
45. Robert O. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984).
46. See 'Report Stays Neutral on Deep-Sea Disposal', Nature, 381:6581 (30 May 1996), p. 358.
47. P.G. Cerny, 'Embedding Global Financial Markets: Securitization and the Emerging Web of Governance', in Ronit and Schneider, Private Organization.
48. It is clearly problematic as to whether the end of the Cold War makes American 'imperial overstretch' less or more of a challenge. See Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000 (London: Unwin Hyman, 1988).
49. David A. Lake, 'Global Governance: A Relational Contracting Approach', in Aseem Prakash and Jeffrey A. Hart (eds.), Globalization and Governance (London: Routledge, 1999), pp. 31-53.
50. Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (London: Macmillan, 1977), pp. 254-5; Alain Minc, Le Nouveau Moyen Âge (Paris: Gallimard, 1993); P.G. Cerny, 'Neomedievalism, Civil Wars and the New Security Dilemma', Civil Wars, 1:1 (Spring 1998), pp. 36-64.
51. Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (London: Macmillan, 1977), pp. 254-5; Alain Minc, Le Nouveau Moyen Âge (Paris: Gallimard, 1993); P.G. Cerny, 'Neomedievalism, Civil Wars and the New Security Dilemma', Civil Wars, 1:1 (Spring 1998), pp. 36-64.
52. Hedley Bull, The Anarchical Society (London: Macmillan, 1977), pp. 254-5; Alain Minc, Le Nouveau Moyen Âge (Paris: Gallimard, 1993); P.G. Cerny, 'Neomedievalism, Civil Wars and the New Security Dilemma', Civil Wars, 1:1 (Spring 1998), pp. 36-64.
53. For example, see François Přkić, 'End of the Cold War and Democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Emergence of Transnational Rebel Territories in Today's Conflicts', paper presented to the Workshop on Democratization and the Changing Global Order, Annual Joint Sessions of Workshops, European Consortium for Political Research, Bern, Switzerland, 27 February-4 March 1997; see also Robert D. Kaplan, The Ends of the Earth: A Journey at the Dawn of the 21st Century (London: Macmillan, 1997).
54. For example, see François Přkić, 'End of the Cold War and Democratization in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Emergence of Transnational Rebel Territories in Today's Conflicts', paper presented to the Workshop on Democratization and the Changing Global Order, Annual Joint Sessions of Workshops, European Consortium for Political Research, Bern, Switzerland, 27 February-4 March 1997; see also Robert D. Kaplan, The Ends of the Earth: A Journey at the Dawn of the 21st Century (London: Macmillan, 1997).
55. See P.G. Cerny, 'Globalization and the Erosion of Democracy', European Journal of Political Research, 35:5 (July/August 1999), pp. 1-26.
56. Sylvia Walby, 'The New Regulatory State: The Social Powers of the European Union', British Journal of Sociology (forthcoming 1999).
57. Paul L. Knox and Peter J. Taylor (eds.), World Cities in a World-System (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995).
58. Robert B. Reich, The Work of Nations: Preparing Ourselves for 21st Century Capitalism (New York: Knopf, 1991).
59. Christopher May, Knowing, Owning, Enclosing: A Global Political Economy of Intellectual Property Rights, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Nottingham Trent University, 1997.
60. E.J. Hobsbawm, Bandits, revised edn. (Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin, 1972).
61. David Held, Democracy and the Global Order From the Modern State to Cosmopolitan Governance (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995), argues for a much more widespread pluralism, on which rests his hopes for the development of a global 'cosmopolitan democracy'.
62. Diana Coyle, 'The Dark Side of Globalization Where the Black Economy Thrives', The Independent (London), 14 May 1998, p. 24.
63. Max Singer and Aaron Wildavsky, The Real World Order: Zones of Peace/Zones of Turmoil (Chatham, NJ: Chatham House Publishers, 1993).