메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 475-513

Processes Involved in Adult Ego Development: A Conceptual Framework

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 0034359030     PISSN: 02732297     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/drev.2000.0508     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (54)

References (168)
  • 1
    • 0000983556 scopus 로고
    • Psychological environments of university departments: Effects on college students' identity status and ego stage development
    • Adams, G. R., & Fitch, S. A. (1983). Psychological environments of university departments: Effects on college students' identity status and ego stage development. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 1266-1275.
    • (1983) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.44 , pp. 1266-1275
    • Adams, G.R.1    Fitch, S.A.2
  • 3
    • 0001898345 scopus 로고
    • World views in psychology: Trait, interactional, organismic, and transactional perspectives
    • D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Altman, I., & Rogoff, B. (1987). World views in psychology: Trait, interactional, organismic, and transactional perspectives. In D. Stokols & I. Altman (Eds.), Handbook of environmental psychology (Vol. 1). New York: Wiley.
    • (1987) Handbook of Environmental Psychology , vol.1
    • Altman, I.1    Rogoff, B.2
  • 5
    • 0011516032 scopus 로고
    • Moral reasoning development programs in prison: Cognitive developmental and critical reasoning approaches
    • Arbuthnot, J. (1984). Moral reasoning development programs in prison: Cognitive developmental and critical reasoning approaches. Journal of Moral Education, 13, 112-123.
    • (1984) Journal of Moral Education , vol.13 , pp. 112-123
    • Arbuthnot, J.1
  • 7
    • 0000276463 scopus 로고
    • The crystallization of discontent in the process of major life changes
    • T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Baumeister, R. F. (1994). The crystallization of discontent in the process of major life changes. In T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Can personality change? Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1994) Can Personality Change?
    • Baumeister, R.F.1
  • 8
    • 0346416549 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of maternal ego development to parenting behavior and attitudes
    • Biekle, P. A. W. (1979). The relationship of maternal ego development to parenting behavior and attitudes. Dissertation Abstracts International, 40, 4519B.
    • (1979) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.40
    • Biekle, P.A.W.1
  • 9
    • 85031550910 scopus 로고
    • Ego development and continuing education: The effects of intellectual stimulation, motivation, gender, time, and traditional versus self-directed learning programs
    • Billington, D. D. (1989). Ego development and continuing education: The effects of intellectual stimulation, motivation, gender, time, and traditional versus self-directed learning programs. Dissertation Abstracts International, 49, 1665A.
    • (1989) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.49
    • Billington, D.D.1
  • 10
    • 0022822140 scopus 로고
    • Reasoning on social dilemmas varying on emotional saliency: An adult developmental perspective
    • Blanchard-Fields, F. (1986). Reasoning on social dilemmas varying on emotional saliency: An adult developmental perspective. Psychology and Aging, 1, 325-333.
    • (1986) Psychology and Aging , vol.1 , pp. 325-333
    • Blanchard-Fields, F.1
  • 12
    • 84949159540 scopus 로고
    • The effects of classroom moral discussion upon children's level of moral judgement
    • Blatt, M., & Kohlberg, L. (1975). The effects of classroom moral discussion upon children's level of moral judgement. Journal of Moral Education, 4, 129-161.
    • (1975) Journal of Moral Education , vol.4 , pp. 129-161
    • Blatt, M.1    Kohlberg, L.2
  • 14
    • 0000135234 scopus 로고
    • Assimilation, accommodation, and the dynamics of personality development
    • Block, J. (1982). Assimilation, accommodation, and the dynamics of personality development. Child Development, 53, 281-295.
    • (1982) Child Development , vol.53 , pp. 281-295
    • Block, J.1
  • 15
    • 0029937164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of maximum performance instructions on the Sentence Completion Test of ego development
    • Blumentritt, T., Novy, D. M., Gaa, J. P., & Liberman, D. (1996). Effects of maximum performance instructions on the Sentence Completion Test of ego development. Journal of Personality Assessment, 51, 79-89.
    • (1996) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.51 , pp. 79-89
    • Blumentritt, T.1    Novy, D.M.2    Gaa, J.P.3    Liberman, D.4
  • 16
    • 0001056911 scopus 로고
    • On the properties of life events
    • P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Brim, O. G., & Ryff, C. D. (1980). On the properties of life events. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), Life span development and behavior (Vol. 3). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1980) Life Span Development and Behavior , vol.3
    • Brim, O.G.1    Ryff, C.D.2
  • 17
    • 0345785471 scopus 로고
    • Genetic metaphysics: The developmental psychology of mind-body concepts
    • R. Rieber (Ed.), New York: Academic Press
    • Broughton, J. M. (1980). Genetic metaphysics: The developmental psychology of mind-body concepts. In R. Rieber (Ed.), Body and mind. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1980) Body and Mind
    • Broughton, J.M.1
  • 18
    • 0347677506 scopus 로고
    • Ego and ideology: A critical review of Loevinger's theory
    • D. K. Lapsley & F. Clark Powers (Eds.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Broughton, J., & Zahaykevich, M. K. (1988). Ego and ideology: A critical review of Loevinger's theory. In D. K. Lapsley & F. Clark Powers (Eds.), Self, ego and identity: Integrative approaches. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1988) Self, Ego and Identity: Integrative Approaches
    • Broughton, J.1    Zahaykevich, M.K.2
  • 19
    • 0026110129 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation to divorce and ego development in adult women
    • Bursik, K. (1991). Adaptation to divorce and ego development in adult women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 300-306.
    • (1991) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 300-306
    • Bursik, K.1
  • 20
    • 84970655958 scopus 로고
    • Predicting organization development consulting competence from the Myers-Briggs type indicator and stage of ego development
    • Bushe, G. R., & Gibbs, B. W. (1990). Predicting organization development consulting competence from the Myers-Briggs type indicator and stage of ego development. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 26, 337-357.
    • (1990) The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science , vol.26 , pp. 337-357
    • Bushe, G.R.1    Gibbs, B.W.2
  • 21
    • 26544476497 scopus 로고
    • Moral reasoning and ego development as factors in counselling
    • Callanan, R. A. E. (1986). Moral reasoning and ego development as factors in counselling. Dissertation Abstracts International, 47, 2455A.
    • (1986) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.47
    • Callanan, R.A.E.1
  • 24
    • 0003322365 scopus 로고
    • Why maladaptive behaviors persist: Sources of continuity and change across the life course
    • D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Caspi, A. (1993). Why maladaptive behaviors persist: Sources of continuity and change across the life course. In D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Studying lives through time: Personality and development. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1993) Studying Lives Through Time: Personality and Development
    • Caspi, A.1
  • 25
    • 85031553988 scopus 로고
    • Divorce stress and adaptation
    • D. A. Chiriboga, L. S. Catron, et al. (Eds.), New York: New York Univ. Press
    • Chiriboga, D. A., & Catron, L. S. (1991). Divorce stress and adaptation. In D. A. Chiriboga, L. S. Catron, et al. (Eds.), Divorce: Crisis, challenge or relief. New York: New York Univ. Press.
    • (1991) Divorce: Crisis, Challenge or Relief
    • Chiriboga, D.A.1    Catron, L.S.2
  • 27
    • 84948871809 scopus 로고
    • Logical operational limitations on the development of moral judgement
    • Colby, A. (1973). Logical operational limitations on the development of moral judgement. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34, 2331B.
    • (1973) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.34
    • Colby, A.1
  • 30
    • 0003242897 scopus 로고
    • Objective Personality Assessment
    • M. Storadt, I. E. Siegler, & M. F. Elias (Eds.), New York: Plenum
    • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1978). Objective Personality Assessment. In M. Storadt, I. E. Siegler, & M. F. Elias (Eds.), The clinical psychology of aging. New York: Plenum.
    • (1978) The Clinical Psychology of Aging
    • Costa, P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 31
    • 0002479123 scopus 로고
    • Still stable after all these years: Personality as a key to some issues in adulthood and old age
    • P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1980). Still stable after all these years: Personality as a key to some issues in adulthood and old age. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), Life span development and behavior (Vol. 3). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1980) Life Span Development and Behavior , vol.3
    • Costa, P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 32
    • 21344486429 scopus 로고
    • Ego development and trait models of personality
    • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1993). Ego development and trait models of personality. Psychological Inquiry, 4, 20-23.
    • (1993) Psychological Inquiry , vol.4 , pp. 20-23
    • Costa, P.T.1    McCrae, R.R.2
  • 33
    • 0039401729 scopus 로고
    • Developmental intervention: Enhancing life-event processes
    • P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Danish, S. J., Smyer, M. A., & Nowak, C. A. (1980). Developmental intervention: enhancing life-event processes. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), Life span development and behavior (Vol. 3). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1980) Life Span Development and Behavior , vol.3
    • Danish, S.J.1    Smyer, M.A.2    Nowak, C.A.3
  • 34
    • 0347677505 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between ego development of mothers and their emotional, social and cognitive support of their children
    • Dayton, L. S. (1981). The relationship between ego development of mothers and their emotional, social and cognitive support of their children. Dissertation Abstracts International, 42, 2127B.
    • (1981) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.42
    • Dayton, L.S.1
  • 35
    • 0011029101 scopus 로고
    • Moral reasoning and attitudes toward capital punishment
    • deVries, B., & Walker, L. J. (1986). Moral reasoning and attitudes toward capital punishment. Developmental Psychology, 22, 509-513.
    • (1986) Developmental Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 509-513
    • Vries, B.1    Walker, L.J.2
  • 37
    • 0345785465 scopus 로고
    • Deliberate Psychological Education for women: A curriculum followup study
    • V. L. Erickson & J. M. Whitely (Eds.), Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole
    • Erickson, V. L. (1990). Deliberate Psychological Education for women: A curriculum followup study. In V. L. Erickson & J. M. Whitely (Eds.), Developmental counselling and teaching. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
    • (1990) Developmental Counselling and Teaching
    • Erickson, V.L.1
  • 38
    • 84953537160 scopus 로고
    • The relation of ego development to intellectual and ethical development
    • Farrell, G. E. P. (1974). The relation of ego development to intellectual and ethical development. Dissertation Abstracts International, 35, 4648-4649B.
    • (1974) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.35
    • Farrell, G.E.P.1
  • 39
    • 0003977864 scopus 로고
    • New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston
    • Fromm, E. (1941). The sane society. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
    • (1941) The Sane Society
    • Fromm, E.1
  • 40
    • 0004252195 scopus 로고
    • New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston
    • Fromm, E. (1955). Escape from freedom. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
    • (1955) Escape from Freedom
    • Fromm, E.1
  • 42
    • 0347046871 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between stages of ego development and developmental stages of health self care operations
    • Gast, H. L. (1984). The relationship between stages of ego development and developmental stages of health self care operations. Dissertation Abstracts International, 44, 3039B.
    • (1984) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.44
    • Gast, H.L.1
  • 43
    • 34250122744 scopus 로고
    • Ego development and moral development in relation to age and grade level during adolescence
    • Gfellner, R. (1986a). Ego development and moral development in relation to age and grade level during adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 15, 147-163.
    • (1986) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.15 , pp. 147-163
    • Gfellner, R.1
  • 44
    • 0023038302 scopus 로고
    • Changes in ego and moral development in adolescents: A longitudinal study
    • Gfellner, R. (1986b). Changes in ego and moral development in adolescents: A longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescence, 9, 281-302.
    • (1986) Journal of Adolescence , vol.9 , pp. 281-302
    • Gfellner, R.1
  • 45
    • 0018367832 scopus 로고
    • Kohlberg's moral stage theory: A Piagetian revision
    • Gibbs, J. C. (1979). Kohlberg's moral stage theory: A Piagetian revision. Human Development, 22, 89-112.
    • (1979) Human Development , vol.22 , pp. 89-112
    • Gibbs, J.C.1
  • 46
    • 85031545893 scopus 로고
    • An examination of the relationship between ego development and managerial competencies
    • Givens, A. (1985). An examination of the relationship between ego development and managerial competencies. Dissertation Abstracts International, 46, 688-689B.
    • (1985) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.46
    • Givens, A.1
  • 47
    • 85031550395 scopus 로고
    • A study to determine the value of a seminar designed to facilitate adult development and learning through prior learning assessment
    • Green, E. G. (1984). A study to determine the value of a seminar designed to facilitate adult development and learning through prior learning assessment. Dissertation Abstracts International, 45, 1267-1268A.
    • (1984) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.45
    • Green, E.G.1
  • 50
    • 0010837770 scopus 로고
    • Influence of defense mechanisms on moral judgement development: A longitudinal study
    • Hart, D., & Chmiel, S. (1992). Influence of defense mechanisms on moral judgement development: A longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 28, 722-730.
    • (1992) Developmental Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 722-730
    • Hart, D.1    Chmiel, S.2
  • 51
    • 85031540194 scopus 로고
    • Ego development, cognitive style, and the EST standard training
    • Hartke, J. M. (1980). Ego development, cognitive style, and the EST standard training. Dissertation Abstracts International, 41, 353B.
    • (1980) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.41
    • Hartke, J.M.1
  • 52
    • 1642330740 scopus 로고
    • Personality, life events, and subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model
    • Headey, B., & Wearing, A. (1989). Personality, life events, and subjective well-being: Toward a dynamic equilibrium model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 731-739.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.57 , pp. 731-739
    • Headey, B.1    Wearing, A.2
  • 53
    • 0012717203 scopus 로고
    • Conceptual issues in assessing whether personality can change
    • T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Heatherington, T. F., & Nichols, P. A. (1994a). Conceptual issues in assessing whether personality can change. In T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Can personality change? Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1994) Can Personality Change?
    • Heatherington, T.F.1    Nichols, P.A.2
  • 56
    • 0002203003 scopus 로고
    • Comparing longitudinal studies of adult development: Toward a paradigm of tension between stability and change
    • D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Helson, R. (1993a). Comparing longitudinal studies of adult development: Toward a paradigm of tension between stability and change. In D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Studying lives through time: Personality and development. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1993) Studying Lives Through Time: Personality and Development
    • Helson, R.1
  • 57
    • 85031542628 scopus 로고
    • The Mills classes of 1958 and 1960: College in the fifties, young adulthood in the sixties
    • D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Helson, R. (1993b). The Mills classes of 1958 and 1960: College in the fifties, young adulthood in the sixties. In D. C. Funder, R. D. Parke, C. Tomlinson-Keasey, & K. Widaman (Eds.), Studying lives through time: Personality and development. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1993) Studying Lives Through Time: Personality and Development
    • Helson, R.1
  • 58
    • 0346519243 scopus 로고
    • The social clock project in middle age
    • B. F. Turner & L. E. Troll (Eds.), London: Sage
    • Helson, R., & McCabe, L. (1994). The social clock project in middle age. In B. F. Turner & L. E. Troll (Eds.), Women growing older: Psychological perspectives. London: Sage.
    • (1994) Women Growing Older: Psychological Perspectives
    • Helson, R.1    McCabe, L.2
  • 61
    • 0000171704 scopus 로고
    • Personality change in adulthood
    • T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Helson, R., & Stewart, A. (1994). Personality change in adulthood. In T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Can personality change? Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1994) Can Personality Change?
    • Helson, R.1    Stewart, A.2
  • 62
    • 0023405645 scopus 로고
    • Two conceptions of maturity examined in the findings of a longitudinal study
    • Helson, R., & Wink, P. (1987). Two conceptions of maturity examined in the findings of a longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 531-541.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.53 , pp. 531-541
    • Helson, R.1    Wink, P.2
  • 63
    • 84872988654 scopus 로고
    • The impact of women's study courses on female ego development and attitudes toward women
    • Henek, T. (1980). The impact of women's study courses on female ego development and attitudes toward women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 41, 2357B.
    • (1980) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.41
    • Henek, T.1
  • 64
    • 85047685771 scopus 로고
    • Loevinger's measure of ego development: Reliability and national norms for male and female short forms
    • Holt, R. R. (1980). Loevinger's measure of ego development: Reliability and national norms for male and female short forms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 909-920.
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 909-920
    • Holt, R.R.1
  • 67
    • 0040050623 scopus 로고
    • Life events and life span development
    • P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Hultsch, D. R., & Plemons, J. K. (1979). Life events and life span development. In P. B. Baltes & O. G. Brim, Jr. (Eds.), Life span development and behavior (Vol. 2). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1979) Life Span Development and Behavior , vol.2
    • Hultsch, D.R.1    Plemons, J.K.2
  • 68
    • 85031551217 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of ego development to counsellor training and counsellor effectiveness
    • Hunsberger, P. H. (1980). The relationship of ego development to counsellor training and counsellor effectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International, 41, 1918B.
    • (1980) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.41
    • Hunsberger, P.H.1
  • 69
    • 0345785466 scopus 로고
    • Psychological Education for teacher-education students: A cognitive-developmental curriculum
    • V. L. Erickson & J. M. Whitely (Eds.), Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole
    • Hurt, B. L. (1990). Psychological Education for teacher-education students: A cognitive-developmental curriculum. In V. L. Erickson & J. M. Whitely (Eds.), Developmental counselling and teaching. Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
    • (1990) Developmental Counselling and Teaching
    • Hurt, B.L.1
  • 73
    • 0023351035 scopus 로고
    • Effects of modified instructions on the Washington University Sentence Completion Test of Ego Development
    • Jurich, J., & Holt, R. (1987). Effects of modified instructions on the Washington University Sentence Completion Test of Ego Development. Journal of Personality Assessment, 51, 186-193.
    • (1987) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.51 , pp. 186-193
    • Jurich, J.1    Holt, R.2
  • 74
    • 0347677499 scopus 로고
    • Implicators of cognitive development for moral reasoning
    • D. J. DePalma & J. M. Foley (Eds.), New York: Wiley
    • Keasey, C. B. (1975). Implicators of cognitive development for moral reasoning. In D. J. DePalma & J. M. Foley (Eds.), Moral development: Current theory and research. New York: Wiley.
    • (1975) Moral Development: Current Theory and Research
    • Keasey, C.B.1
  • 75
    • 0003003789 scopus 로고
    • Relationships across developmental lines: A longitudinal study of intellectual, moral and ego development
    • M. L. Commons, J. D. Sinott, F. A. Richards, & C. Armon (Eds.), New York: Praeger
    • King, P. M., Kitchener, K. S., Wood, P. K., & Davison, M. L. (1989). Relationships across developmental lines: A longitudinal study of intellectual, moral and ego development. In M. L. Commons, J. D. Sinott, F. A. Richards, & C. Armon (Eds.), Adult development: Vol. 1. Comparisons and applications of developmental models. New York: Praeger.
    • (1989) Adult Development: Vol. 1. Comparisons and Applications of Developmental Models , vol.1
    • King, P.M.1    Kitchener, K.S.2    Wood, P.K.3    Davison, M.L.4
  • 76
    • 0002209057 scopus 로고
    • Reflective judgement: Concepts of justification and their relationship to age and education
    • Kitchener, K. S., & King, P. M. (1981). Reflective judgement: Concepts of justification and their relationship to age and education. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 2, 89-116.
    • (1981) Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 89-116
    • Kitchener, K.S.1    King, P.M.2
  • 77
    • 0001851459 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive-developmental approach to socialization
    • D. Goslin (Ed.), Chicago: Rand McNally
    • Kohlberg, L. (1969). A cognitive-developmental approach to socialization. In D. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of socialization. Chicago: Rand McNally.
    • (1969) Handbook of Socialization
    • Kohlberg, L.1
  • 78
    • 0003223121 scopus 로고
    • Continuities in childhood and adult moral development revisited
    • P. B. Baltes & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), New York: Academic Press
    • Kohlberg, L. (1973). Continuities in childhood and adult moral development revisited. In P. B. Baltes & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Life-span developmental psychology: Personality and socialization. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1973) Life-span Developmental Psychology: Personality and Socialization
    • Kohlberg, L.1
  • 81
    • 0002341958 scopus 로고
    • Job complexity and adult personality
    • N. Smelser & E. H. Erickson (Eds.), Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press
    • Kohn, M. (1980). Job complexity and adult personality. In N. Smelser & E. H. Erickson (Eds.), Themes of love and work in adulthood. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
    • (1980) Themes of Love and Work in Adulthood
    • Kohn, M.1
  • 82
    • 85050648402 scopus 로고
    • Occupational experience and psychological functioning: An assessment of reciprocal effects
    • Kohn, M., & Schooler, C. (1973). Occupational experience and psychological functioning: An assessment of reciprocal effects. American Sociological Review, 38, 97-118.
    • (1973) American Sociological Review , vol.38 , pp. 97-118
    • Kohn, M.1    Schooler, C.2
  • 83
    • 84925911049 scopus 로고
    • The reciprocal effects of the substantive complexity of work and intellectual flexibility: A longitudinal assessment
    • Kohn, M., & Schooler, C. (1978). The reciprocal effects of the substantive complexity of work and intellectual flexibility: A longitudinal assessment. American Journal of Sociology, 84, 24-52.
    • (1978) American Journal of Sociology , vol.84 , pp. 24-52
    • Kohn, M.1    Schooler, C.2
  • 84
    • 0039376412 scopus 로고
    • Development of an awareness of contradiction across the lifespan and the question of post formal operations
    • M. L. Commons, J. D. Sinott, F. A. Richards, & C. Armon (Eds.), New York: Praeger
    • Kramer, D. A. (1989). Development of an awareness of contradiction across the lifespan and the question of post formal operations. In M. L. Commons, J. D. Sinott, F. A. Richards, & C. Armon (Eds.), Adult development: Vol. 1. Comparisons and applications of developmental models. New York: Praeger.
    • (1989) Adult Development: Vol. 1. Comparisons and Applications of Developmental Models , vol.1
    • Kramer, D.A.1
  • 85
    • 21344482489 scopus 로고
    • The "tale" of the elephant; or, construction of theories about personality and the life course
    • Kramer, D. A. (1993). The "tale" of the elephant; or, construction of theories about personality and the life course. Psychological Inquiry, 4, 291-295.
    • (1993) Psychological Inquiry , vol.4 , pp. 291-295
    • Kramer, D.A.1
  • 86
    • 0002019330 scopus 로고
    • Relativistic and dialectical thought in three adult age groups
    • Kramer, D. A., & Woodruff, D. S. (1986). Relativistic and dialectical thought in three adult age groups. Human Development, 29, 280-290.
    • (1986) Human Development , vol.29 , pp. 280-290
    • Kramer, D.A.1    Woodruff, D.S.2
  • 87
    • 0346416538 scopus 로고
    • The development of schemes for recognizing additive and alternative effects in a 'natural experiment' context
    • Kuhn, D., & Ho, V. (1977). The development of schemes for recognizing additive and alternative effects in a 'natural experiment' context. Developmental Psychology, 13, 515-516.
    • (1977) Developmental Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 515-516
    • Kuhn, D.1    Ho, V.2
  • 88
    • 0002276149 scopus 로고
    • The development of formal operations in logical and moral development
    • Kuhn, D., Langer, J., Kohlberg, L., & Haan, N. (1977). The development of formal operations in logical and moral development. Genetic Psychology Monographs, 95, 97-188.
    • (1977) Genetic Psychology Monographs , vol.95 , pp. 97-188
    • Kuhn, D.1    Langer, J.2    Kohlberg, L.3    Haan, N.4
  • 89
    • 0011750069 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a Deliberate Psychological Education course on ego, moral and empathy development
    • Kwasnick, D. T. (1982). The effect of a Deliberate Psychological Education course on ego, moral and empathy development. Dissertation Abstracts International, 42, 3807B.
    • (1982) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.42
    • Kwasnick, D.T.1
  • 90
    • 84925977393 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic development and mature autonomy
    • Labouvie-Vief, G. (1982). Dynamic development and mature autonomy. Human Development, 25, 161-191.
    • (1982) Human Development , vol.25 , pp. 161-191
    • Labouvie-Vief, G.1
  • 92
    • 0346416537 scopus 로고
    • Moral judgement intervention studies using the Defining Issues Test
    • Lawrence, J. A. (1980). Moral judgement intervention studies using the Defining Issues Test. Journal of Moral Education, 9, 178-191.
    • (1980) Journal of Moral Education , vol.9 , pp. 178-191
    • Lawrence, J.A.1
  • 93
    • 0000877098 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between ego and moral development: A theoretical review and empirical analysis
    • D. K. Lapsley & F. Clark Power (Eds.), New York: Springer-Verlag
    • Lee, L., & Snarey, J. (1988). The relationship between ego and moral development: A theoretical review and empirical analysis. In D. K. Lapsley & F. Clark Power (Eds.), Self, ego and identity: Integrative approaches. New York: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1988) Self, Ego and Identity: Integrative Approaches
    • Lee, L.1    Snarey, J.2
  • 94
    • 84884543435 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of cognitive developmental structures to the formation of ego identity in young men
    • Leiper, R. N. (1982). The relationship of cognitive developmental structures to the formation of ego identity in young men. Dissertation Abstracts International, 42, 4243-4244B.
    • (1982) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.42
    • Leiper, R.N.1
  • 95
    • 0031601204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adolescent development: Challenges, opportunities for research, programs, and policies
    • Lerner, R. M., & Galambos, N. L. (1998). Adolescent development: Challenges, opportunities for research, programs, and policies. Annual Review of Psychology, 49, 413-446.
    • (1998) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 413-446
    • Lerner, R.M.1    Galambos, N.L.2
  • 98
    • 0007675049 scopus 로고
    • On ego development and the structure of personality
    • Loevinger, J. (1983). On ego development and the structure of personality. Developmental Review, 3, 339-350.
    • (1983) Developmental Review , vol.3 , pp. 339-350
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 99
    • 0007680006 scopus 로고
    • On Kohlberg's contribution to ego development
    • S. Mogdill & C. Mogdill (Eds.), Brighton, England: Falmer
    • Loevinger, J. (1986). On Kohlberg's contribution to ego development. In S. Mogdill & C. Mogdill (Eds.), Kohlberg: Consensus and controversy. Brighton, England: Falmer.
    • (1986) Kohlberg: Consensus and Controversy
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 101
    • 21344476535 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of personality: True or false?
    • Loevinger, J. (1993). Measurement of personality: True or false? Psychological Inquiry, 4, 1-16.
    • (1993) Psychological Inquiry , vol.4 , pp. 1-16
    • Loevinger, J.1
  • 107
    • 0000098972 scopus 로고
    • Life experience and mode of coping: Relation to moral judgement in adulthood
    • Lonky, E., Kaus, C. R., & Roodin, P. A. (1984). Life experience and mode of coping: Relation to moral judgement in adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 20, 1159-1167.
    • (1984) Developmental Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 1159-1167
    • Lonky, E.1    Kaus, C.R.2    Roodin, P.A.3
  • 108
    • 85031539670 scopus 로고
    • The role of cognitive complexity in adolescent ego development
    • Luzzi, J. A. (1984). The role of cognitive complexity in adolescent ego development. Dissertation Abstracts International, 45, 129A.
    • (1984) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.45
    • Luzzi, J.A.1
  • 109
    • 0037620161 scopus 로고
    • The moral education approach in treating adult inmates
    • MacPhail, D. D. (1989). The moral education approach in treating adult inmates. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 16, 81-97.
    • (1989) Criminal Justice and Behavior , vol.16 , pp. 81-97
    • MacPhail, D.D.1
  • 110
    • 0002594379 scopus 로고
    • Individual development from an interactional perspective: A longitudinal study
    • D. Magnusson (Ed.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Magnusson, D. (1988). Individual development from an interactional perspective: A longitudinal study. In D. Magnusson (Ed.), Paths through life (Vol. 1). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1988) Paths Through Life , vol.1
    • Magnusson, D.1
  • 111
    • 85031552313 scopus 로고
    • The effect of role playing on change in ego development levels
    • Maslin, B. L. (1980). The effect of role playing on change in ego development levels. Dissertation Abstracts International, 40, 5932B.
    • (1980) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.40
    • Maslin, B.L.1
  • 112
    • 85031543887 scopus 로고
    • Education for ego and sex role development in young women
    • Mattei, N. M. (1979). Education for ego and sex role development in young women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 40, 2556A.
    • (1979) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.40
    • Mattei, N.M.1
  • 114
    • 21344476135 scopus 로고
    • Moderated analyses of longitudinal personality stability
    • McCrae, R. R. (1993). Moderated analyses of longitudinal personality stability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 577-585.
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 577-585
    • McCrae, R.R.1
  • 115
    • 0000816413 scopus 로고
    • Openness to experience and ego level in Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test: Dispositional contributions to developmental models of personality
    • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1980). Openness to experience and ego level in Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test: Dispositional contributions to developmental models of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 1179-1190.
    • (1980) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.39 , pp. 1179-1190
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa, P.T.2
  • 116
    • 0000982948 scopus 로고
    • Openness to experience
    • R. Hogan & N. H. Jones (Eds.), Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
    • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1985). Openness to experience. In R. Hogan & N. H. Jones (Eds.), Perspectives in personality (Vol. 1). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
    • (1985) Perspectives in Personality , vol.1
    • McCrae, R.R.1    Costa, P.T.2
  • 117
    • 85031544105 scopus 로고
    • Formal operations, ego defenses, and mature personality development
    • Meikle, D. T. (1982). Formal operations, ego defenses, and mature personality development. Dissertation Abstracts International, 43, 1238B.
    • (1982) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.43
    • Meikle, D.T.1
  • 118
    • 84895158934 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between ego development and managerial effectiveness under conditions of high uncertainty
    • Merron, K. A. (1986). The relationship between ego development and managerial effectiveness under conditions of high uncertainty. Dissertation Abstracts International, 46, 3090A.
    • (1986) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.46
    • Merron, K.A.1
  • 119
    • 0347046862 scopus 로고
    • An exploratory study of the health belief model and ego development in predicting health related actions in the aged
    • Michaelson, C. B. (1985). An exploratory study of the health belief model and ego development in predicting health related actions in the aged. Dissertation Abstracts International, 46, 1694B.
    • (1985) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.46
    • Michaelson, C.B.1
  • 120
    • 0010123279 scopus 로고
    • Equilibration as cognitive conflict
    • Murray, F. B. (1983). Equilibration as cognitive conflict. Developmental Review, 3, 54-61.
    • (1983) Developmental Review , vol.3 , pp. 54-61
    • Murray, F.B.1
  • 121
    • 0001966623 scopus 로고
    • Adult personality: Toward a psychology of the life cycle
    • B. L. Neugarten (Ed.), Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press
    • Neugarten, B. L. (1968). Adult personality: Toward a psychology of the life cycle. In B. L. Neugarten (Ed.), Middle age and aging. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
    • (1968) Middle Age and Aging
    • Neugarten, B.L.1
  • 123
    • 0025780664 scopus 로고
    • Adult development and symptomatology
    • Noam, G. G., & Dill, D. L. (1991). Adult development and symptomatology. Psychiatry, 54, 208-217.
    • (1991) Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 208-217
    • Noam, G.G.1    Dill, D.L.2
  • 124
    • 0027191527 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the progressive sequence of ego development levels
    • Novy, D. M. (1993). An investigation of the progressive sequence of ego development levels. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49, 332-338.
    • (1993) Journal of Clinical Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 332-338
    • Novy, D.M.1
  • 125
    • 26544477943 scopus 로고
    • A cognitive-structural approach to adult ego, moral, and conceptual development through inservice teacher education
    • Oja, S. N. (1979). A cognitive-structural approach to adult ego, moral, and conceptual development through inservice teacher education. Dissertation Abstracts International, 39, 5356A.
    • (1979) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.39
    • Oja, S.N.1
  • 127
    • 0010801403 scopus 로고
    • Personality stability, personality change, and the question of process
    • T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association
    • Pervin, L. A. (1994). Personality stability, personality change, and the question of process. In T. F. Heatherington & J. L. Weinberger (Eds.), Can personality change? Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
    • (1994) Can Personality Change?
    • Pervin, L.A.1
  • 129
    • 0001324818 scopus 로고
    • Piaget's theory
    • P. H. Mussen (Ed.), 3rd ed.. New York: Wiley
    • Piaget, J. (1970). Piaget's theory. In P. H. Mussen (Ed.), Carmichael's manual of child psychology (Vol. 1, 3rd ed.). New York: Wiley.
    • (1970) Carmichael's Manual of Child Psychology , vol.1
    • Piaget, J.1
  • 132
    • 0001438964 scopus 로고
    • Ego development in the college years: Two longitudinal studies
    • Redmore, C. (1983). Ego development in the college years: Two longitudinal studies. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 12, 301-306.
    • (1983) Journal of Youth and Adolescence , vol.12 , pp. 301-306
    • Redmore, C.1
  • 133
  • 134
    • 0016514412 scopus 로고
    • Reliability of a sentence completion measure of ego development
    • Redmore, C., & Waldman, K. (1975). Reliability of a sentence completion measure of ego development. Journal of Personality Assessment, 39, 236-242.
    • (1975) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.39 , pp. 236-242
    • Redmore, C.1    Waldman, K.2
  • 135
    • 0031154182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plaster or plasticity: Are work experiences associated with personality change in women?
    • Roberts, B. W. (1997). Plaster or plasticity: Are work experiences associated with personality change in women? Journal of Personality, 65, 205-232.
    • (1997) Journal of Personality , vol.65 , pp. 205-232
    • Roberts, B.W.1
  • 137
    • 85031550764 scopus 로고
    • A program of Deliberate Psychological Education for undergraduate females in engineering through role taking
    • Rogers, J. M. (1993). A program of Deliberate Psychological Education for undergraduate females in engineering through role taking. Dissertation Abstracts International, 54, 1682A.
    • (1993) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.54
    • Rogers, J.M.1
  • 138
    • 0020008065 scopus 로고
    • Self perceived personality change in adulthood and aging
    • Ryff, C. D. (1982). Self perceived personality change in adulthood and aging. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 108-115.
    • (1982) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 108-115
    • Ryff, C.D.1
  • 139
    • 0001804734 scopus 로고
    • Adult personality development and the motivation for personal growth
    • D. A. Kleiber & M. L. Maehr (Eds.), Greenwich, CT: JAI Press
    • Ryff, C. D. (1985). Adult personality development and the motivation for personal growth. In D. A. Kleiber & M. L. Maehr (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement: Vol. 4. Motivation in adulthood. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
    • (1985) Advances in Motivation and Achievement: Vol. 4. Motivation in Adulthood , vol.4
    • Ryff, C.D.1
  • 140
    • 0000293835 scopus 로고
    • Value transitions and adult development in women: The instrumentality-terminality sequence hypothesis
    • Ryff, C. D., & Baltes, P. B. (1976). Value transitions and adult development in women: The instrumentality-terminality sequence hypothesis. Developmental Psychology, 12, 567-568.
    • (1976) Developmental Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 567-568
    • Ryff, C.D.1    Baltes, P.B.2
  • 141
    • 0001254333 scopus 로고
    • A life-span developmental approach to the study of stressful events
    • Ryff, C. D., & Dunn, D. D. (1985). A life-span developmental approach to the study of stressful events. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 6, 113-127.
    • (1985) Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology , vol.6 , pp. 113-127
    • Ryff, C.D.1    Dunn, D.D.2
  • 143
    • 0020740309 scopus 로고
    • How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype-environment correlations
    • Scarr, S., & McCartney, K. (1983). How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype-environment correlations. Child Development, 54, 424-435.
    • (1983) Child Development , vol.54 , pp. 424-435
    • Scarr, S.1    McCartney, K.2
  • 144
    • 0001020391 scopus 로고
    • Ego development in perspective: Structural stage, functional phase, and cultural age period
    • Snarey, J., Kohlberg, L., & Noam, G. G. (1983). Ego development in perspective: Structural stage, functional phase, and cultural age period. Developmental Review, 3, 303-338.
    • (1983) Developmental Review , vol.3 , pp. 303-338
    • Snarey, J.1    Kohlberg, L.2    Noam, G.G.3
  • 145
    • 0025394485 scopus 로고
    • Worker equality and adult development: The kibbutz as a developmental model
    • Snarey, J., & Lydens, L. (1990). Worker equality and adult development: The kibbutz as a developmental model. Psychology and Aging, 5, 86-93.
    • (1990) Psychology and Aging , vol.5 , pp. 86-93
    • Snarey, J.1    Lydens, L.2
  • 146
    • 0021451714 scopus 로고
    • Phases of transition in cognitive development: Evidence from the domain of spatial representation
    • Snyder, S. S., & Feldman, D. H. (1984). Phases of transition in cognitive development: Evidence from the domain of spatial representation. Child Development, 55, 981-989.
    • (1984) Child Development , vol.55 , pp. 981-989
    • Snyder, S.S.1    Feldman, D.H.2
  • 147
    • 85031538676 scopus 로고
    • The effects of education and life experience on ego development in adult women
    • Solbach, R. A. (1991). The effects of education and life experience on ego development in adult women. Dissertation Abstracts International, 52, 856A.
    • (1991) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.52
    • Solbach, R.A.1
  • 148
    • 85031551832 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of two interventions for promoting ego development in late adolescence
    • Soong, W. L. (1986). Differential effects of two interventions for promoting ego development in late adolescence. Dissertation Abstracts International, 47, 88A.
    • (1986) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.47
    • Soong, W.L.1
  • 149
    • 0002376076 scopus 로고
    • Counselling and social role taking: Promoting moral and ego development
    • J. R. Rest & D. Narvaez (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Sprinthall, N. A. (1994). Counselling and social role taking: Promoting moral and ego development. In J. R. Rest & D. Narvaez (Eds.), Moral development in the professions: Psychology and applied ethics. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1994) Moral Development in the Professions: Psychology and Applied Ethics
    • Sprinthall, N.A.1
  • 150
    • 85031547719 scopus 로고
    • The effect of Autogenic Training on practicum students and the relationships of ego development, locus of control, and counselling effectiveness
    • Steagall, V. A. (1990). The effect of Autogenic Training on practicum students and the relationships of ego development, locus of control, and counselling effectiveness. Dissertation Abstracts International, 50, 3486-3487A.
    • (1990) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.50
    • Steagall, V.A.1
  • 151
    • 0006487075 scopus 로고
    • The Radcliffe class of 1964: Career and family social clock projects in a traditional cohort
    • K. D. Hulbert & D. T. Schuster (Eds.), San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
    • Stewart, A. J., & Vandewater, E. A. (1993). The Radcliffe class of 1964: Career and family social clock projects in a traditional cohort. In K. D. Hulbert & D. T. Schuster (Eds.), Women's lives through time: Educated women of the twentieth century. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
    • (1993) Women's Lives Through Time: Educated Women of the Twentieth Century
    • Stewart, A.J.1    Vandewater, E.A.2
  • 152
    • 0014803162 scopus 로고
    • A developmental study of the relationship between conceptual, ego, and moral development
    • Sullivan, E. V., McCullough, G., & Stager, M. (1970). A developmental study of the relationship between conceptual, ego, and moral development. Child Development, 41, 399-411.
    • (1970) Child Development , vol.41 , pp. 399-411
    • Sullivan, E.V.1    McCullough, G.2    Stager, M.3
  • 154
    • 0016077610 scopus 로고
    • The mediating role of cognitive development in moral judgement
    • Tomlinson-Keasey, C., & Keasey, C. B. (1974). The mediating role of cognitive development in moral judgement. Child Development, 45, 291-298.
    • (1974) Child Development , vol.45 , pp. 291-298
    • Tomlinson-Keasey, C.1    Keasey, C.B.2
  • 155
    • 0013918160 scopus 로고
    • An experimental test of the sequentiality of developmental stages in the child's moral judgements
    • Turiel, E. (1966). An experimental test of the sequentiality of developmental stages in the child's moral judgements. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3, 611-618.
    • (1966) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.3 , pp. 611-618
    • Turiel, E.1
  • 156
    • 1542502522 scopus 로고
    • Changes in women's career commitments and personality development
    • M. E. Lachman & J. B. James (Eds.), Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press
    • Vandewater, E. A., & Stewart, A. J. (1995). Changes in women's career commitments and personality development. In M. E. Lachman & J. B. James (Eds.), Multiple paths of midlife development. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
    • (1995) Multiple Paths of Midlife Development
    • Vandewater, E.A.1    Stewart, A.J.2
  • 157
    • 0012547874 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and perspective-taking prerequisites for moral development
    • Walker, L. J. (1980). Cognitive and perspective-taking prerequisites for moral development. Child Development, 51, 131-139.
    • (1980) Child Development , vol.51 , pp. 131-139
    • Walker, L.J.1
  • 158
    • 0000697713 scopus 로고
    • Experiential and cognitive sources of moral development in adulthood
    • Walker, L. J. (1986). Experiential and cognitive sources of moral development in adulthood. Human Development, 29, 113-124.
    • (1986) Human Development , vol.29 , pp. 113-124
    • Walker, L.J.1
  • 159
    • 0001105662 scopus 로고
    • Stage transition in moral reasoning: A longitudinal study of developmental process
    • Walker, L. J., & Taylor, J. H. (1991). Stage transition in moral reasoning: A longitudinal study of developmental process. Developmental Psychology, 27, 330-337.
    • (1991) Developmental Psychology , vol.27 , pp. 330-337
    • Walker, L.J.1    Taylor, J.H.2
  • 160
    • 0024724344 scopus 로고
    • Psychometric properties of Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test in an adult psychiatric outpatient sample
    • Weiss, D. S., Zilberg, W. J., & Genevro, J. L. (1989). Psychometric properties of Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test in an adult psychiatric outpatient sample. Journal of Personality Assessment, 53, 478-486.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality Assessment , vol.53 , pp. 478-486
    • Weiss, D.S.1    Zilberg, W.J.2    Genevro, J.L.3
  • 161
    • 26544432337 scopus 로고
    • Relations among developmental dimensions in Jane Loevinger's model of ego development
    • Wertheimer, L. C. (1980). Relations among developmental dimensions in Jane Loevinger's model of ego development. Dissertation Abstracts International, 41, 2362B.
    • (1980) Dissertation Abstracts International , vol.41
    • Wertheimer, L.C.1
  • 163
    • 0002543014 scopus 로고
    • The psychological construction of the life span
    • J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), New York: Van Nostrand-Reinhold
    • Whitbourne, S. K. (1985). The psychological construction of the life span. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging. New York: Van Nostrand-Reinhold.
    • (1985) Handbook of the Psychology of Aging
    • Whitbourne, S.K.1
  • 165
    • 0022333045 scopus 로고
    • Ego development in adult women
    • White, M. S. (1985). Ego development in adult women. Journal of Personality, 53, 561-574.
    • (1985) Journal of Personality , vol.53 , pp. 561-574
    • White, M.S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.