Recognition of head-&-shoulder face image using virtual frontal-view image

IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part A:Systems and Humans.

Volumn 30, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 871-883

  Feng, G C ^a,b   Yuen, Pong C ^b  

^a SUN YAT SEN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b HONG KONG BAPTIST UNIVERSITY   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHMS; EQUATIONS OF MOTION; FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS; FOURIER TRANSFORMS; HUMAN FORM MODELS; ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; THREE DIMENSIONAL; WAVELET TRANSFORMS;

FACIAL LANDMARK DETECTION; SPECTROFACE METHOD; SPRING BASED FACE MODEL; VIRTUAL FRONTAL VIEW IMAGE;

FACE RECOGNITION;

EID: 0034313470     PISSN: 10834427     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/3468.895926     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. G. Wolberg, Digital Image Warping. Los Alamos, CA: IEEE Computer Society Press, 1992.
2. I. Crae, N. Costen, T. Kato, and S. Akamatsu, "How should we represent faces for automatic recognition{?}," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 707-736, 1999.
3. J. Bigun, B. Duc, F. Semerealdi, S. Fischer, and A. Makarov, "Multi-model person authentication," in Face Recognition from Theory to Application, H. Wechsler, Ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 26-50.
4. D. J. Beymer, Face recognition under varying pose, in A.I. Memo, MIT AI Lab, no. 1464, 1993.
5. P. N. Belhumeur, J. P. Hespanha, and D. J. Kriegman, "Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 711-720, 1997.
6. J. Buhmann, J. Lange, and C.v.d Malsburg, "Distortion invariant object recognition by matching hierarchically labeled graphs," in Proc. Int. Joint. Conf. Neural Networks, 1995, pp. 155-159.
7. R. Brunelli and T. Poggio, "Face recognition: Feature versus templates," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 1042-1052, 1993.
8. R. Brunelli, "Estimation of pose and illumination direction for face processing," Image Vis. Comput., vol. 15, pp. 741-748, 1997.
9. D. Beymer, A. Shashua, and T. Poggio, Example based image analysis and synthesis, in A.I. Memo, Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, no. 1431, 1993.
10. I. J. Cox, J. Ghosn, and P. N. Yianilos, "Feature-based face recognition using mixture-distance," in CVPR '96, 1996, pp. 209-216.
11. R. Chellappa, C. L. Wilson, and S. Sirohey, "Human and machine recognition of faces: A survey," Proc. IEEE, vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 705-740, 1995.
12. B. Duc, S. Fischer, and J. Bigun, "Face authentication with Gabor information on deformable graphs," IEEE Trans. Image Processing, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 504-516, 1999.
13. G. J. Edwards, A. Lanitis, C. J. Taylor, and T. F. Cootes, "Statistical models of face images-improving specificity," Image Vis. Comput., vol. 16, pp. 203-211, 1998.
14. G. C. Feng and P. C. Yuen, "Multi cues eye detection on gray intensity image," Pattern Recognit., 2000, to be published.
15. _, "Variance projection function and its application to eye detection for human face recognition," Pattern Recognit. Lett., vol. 19, pp. 899-906, 1998.
16. P. C. Yuen, G. C. Feng, and J. P. Zhou, "A contour detection method: Initialization and contour model," Pattern Recognit. Lett., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 141-148, 1999.
17. G. C. Feng, P. C. Yuen, and J. H. Lai, "Virtual view face image synthesis using 3-D spring-based face model from a single image," in Proc. 4th IEEE Int. Conf. on Automatic Face Recognition and Gesture Recognition, 2000, pp. 530-535.
18. M. Vezjak and M. Stephancic, "An anthropologicasl model for automatic recognition of the male human face," Ann. Human Biology, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 363-380, 1994.
19. L. Wiskott, J. M. Fellous, N. Kruger, and C. Von der Malsburg, "Face recognition by elastic bunch graph matching," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 775-780, 1997.
20. G. G. Gordon, "3-D pose estimation of the face from video," in Face Recognition from Theory to Application, H. Wechsler, Ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 433-445.
21. T. Vetter and T. Poggio, "Linear object classes and image synthesis from a single example image," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 733-742, 1997.
22. B. Takacs and H. Wechsler, "Detection of fees and facial landmarks using iconic filter banks," Pattern Recognit., vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1623-1636, 1997.
23. R. M. Haralick and L. G. Shapiro, Computer and Robot Vision. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1992, vol. 2, ch. 14.
24. M. A. Turk and A. Pentland, "Eigenfaces for recognition," J. Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 71-86, 1991.
25. X. Jia and M. S. Nixon, "Extending the feature vector for automatic face recognition," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 1167-1176, 1995.
26. A. Lanitis, C. J. Taylor, and T. F. Cootes, "Automatic interpretation and coding of face image using flexible models," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 743-756, 1997.
27. B. Takacs, "Comparing face image using the modified Huasdorff distance," Pattern Recognit., vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 1873-1881, 1998.
28. K. M. Lam and H. Yan, "An analytic-to-holistic approach for face recognition based on a single frontal view," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 673-686, 1998.
29. J. H. Lai, P. C. Yuen, and G. C. Feng, "Face recognition using holistic Fourier invariant feature," Pattern Recognit., vol. 34, pp. 47-61, 2001, to be published.
30. B. Moghaddam and A. Pentland, "Beyond linear eigenspaces: Bayesian matching for face recognition," in Face Recognition from Theory to Application, H. Wechsler et al., Eds. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 230-243.
31. K. Matsuno and S. Tsuji, "Recognizing human facia expression in a potential field," in ICPR '94, 1994, pp. 44-49.
32. K. K. Sung and T. Poggio, "Example-based learning for view-based human face detection," IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 39-51, 1998.
33. C. Nastar, "Face recognition using deformable matching," in Face Recognition from Theory to Application, H. Wechsler et al., Eds. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 206-229.
34. C. Nastar, B. Moghaddam, and A. Pentland, "Flexible images matching and recognition using learned deformations," Comput. Vis. Image Understanding, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 179-191, 1997.
35. A. O'Toole, H. Abdi, K. A. Deffenbacher, and D. Valentin, "Low-dimensional representation of faces in higher dimensions of the face space," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 405-411, 1993.
36. K. Okada, J. Steffens, T. Maurer, H. Hong, E. Elagin, H. Neven, and C.v.d. Malsburg, "The Bochum/USC face recognition system and how it fared in the FERET phase III test," in Face Recognition from Theory to Application, H. Wechsler et al., Eds. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 187-205.
37. P. Penev and J. Atick, "Local feature analysis: A general statistical theory for object representation," Network: Computation in Neural Systems, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 477-500, 1996.
38. A. Pentland, B. Moghaddam, and T. Starner, "View-based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition," in CVPR '94, 1994, pp. 84-91.
39. F. I. Parke and K. Waters, Computer Facial Animation, A. K. Peters, Ed. Boston, MA: A. K. Peters, 1996.
40. P. J. Phillips, H. Wechsler, J. Huang, and P. J. Rauss, "The FERET database and evaluation procedure for face recognition algorithms," Image Vis. Comput., vol. 16, pp. 295-306, 1998.
41. L. Sirovich and M. Kirby, "Low-dimensional procedure for the characterization of human faces," J. Opt. Soc. Amer. A, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 519-524, 1987.