Analysis of an arc light mechanism and its application in sensing of the GTAW process

Welding Journal (Miami, Fla)

Volumn 79, Issue 9, 2000, Pages 252-s

  Li, P J ^a   Zhang, Y M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUTOMATION; PROCESS CONTROL; SENSORS; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS;

ARC LIGHT SENSING; JOINT TRACKINGS; PLASMA COLUMN; SENSOR ACCURACY;

GAS METAL ARC WELDING;

EID: 0034275120     PISSN: 00432296     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Horstman, S. W., Emmett, E. A., and Kreichelt, T. E. 1976. Field study of potential ultraviolet exposure from arc welding. Welding Journal 55(5): 121-s to 126-s.
2. Hubner, H. J., and Und, J. R. 1972. The measurement of radiation from arc welding carried out by means of various welding processes. Welding and Cutting 24(8): 290-293.
3. Sliney, D. H., and Freasier, B. C. 1973. Evaluation of optical radiation hazards. Applied Optics 12(1): 1-24.
4. Pattee, H. E., Myers, L. B., Evans, R. M., and Monroe, R. E. 1973. Effects of arc radiation and heat on welders. Welding Journal 52(5): 297-308.
5. Mazel, A. G., and Pumpurs, V. M. 1983. The emission properties of welding materials in arc welding. Automatic Welding (12): 36-37.
6. Andersen, C. B. 1986. Light emission in thermal cutting. Welding in the World 24(7/8): 172-176.
7. Sliney, D. H., Moss, C. E., Miller, C. G., and Stephens, J. B. 1982. Transparent welding curtains. Welding Journal 61 (3): 17-24.
8. Haddad, G. N., and Farmer, A. J. D. 1985. Temperature measurements in gas tungsten arcs. Welding Journal 64(12): 339-s to 342-s.
9. Glickstein, S. S. 1976. Temperature measurements in a free burning arc. Welding Journal 55(8): 222-s to 229-s.
10. Shaw, C. B. 1975. Diagnostic studies of the GTAW arc (part 1 - observational studies). Welding Journal 54(2): 33-s to 44-s.
11. Shaw, C. B. 1975. Diagnostic studies of the GTAW arc: part 2 - mathematical model. Welding Journal 54(3): 81-s to 94-s.
12. Song, Y. L. 1995. Some phenomena and features of the component distributions in welding arc. China Welding 4(1): 65-69.
13. Song, Y. L. 1996. Some features of welding arc radiation. China Welding 5(2): 96-101.
14. Landes, K., Seeger, G., and Tiller, W. 1981. Evaluation of the mass low field and the electric current density field in a free burning TIG similar arc. Welding and Cutting 33(4): E14-E16.
15. Gordon, G. M., Cotter, O. A., and Parker, E. R. 1956. Effect of current and atmospheres on arc temperatures. Welding Journal 35(2): 109-s to 112-s.
16. Quigley, M. B. C. 1977. Physics of the Welding Arc. Welding and Metal Fabrication 45(10): 619-626.
17. Matsuda, F., Ushio, M., and Sadek, A. A. 1989. Gas-tungsten-electrode (report 4) - measurement of cathode temperature. Transactions of JWRI 18(1): 24-27.
18. Matsuda, F., Ushio, M., and Sadek, A. A. 1991. Temperature and work function measurements with different GTA electrodes. Transactions of the Japan Welding Society 22(1): 7-13.
19. Matsuda, F., Ushio, M., and Fujii, H. 1986. Gas-tungsten-arc electrode (report 2) - measurement of cathode temperature. Transactions of JWRI 15(2): 7-10.
20. Ushio, M., Fan, D., and Tanaka, M. 1993. Contribution of arc plasma radiation energy to electrodes. Transactions of JWRI 22(2): 201-207.
21. Kuroda, S., Fujimori, H., and Fukushima, T. 1991. Measurement of temperature and velocity of thermally sprayed particles using thermal radiation. Transactions of the Japan Welding Society 22(2): 10-17.
22. Kawase, R., and Kureishi, M. 1985. Fused metal temperature in arc spraying - study on arc spraying (report 3). Transactions of the Japan Welding Society 16(1): 82-88.
23. Shea, J. E., and Gardner, C. S. 1983. Spectroscopic measurement of hydrogen contamination in weld arc plasmas. Journal of Applied Physics 54(9): 4928-4938.
24. Grove, E. L., Loseke, W. A., and Gordon, E. S. 1970. Development of a portable direct reading spectrometer to monitor oxygen hydrogen containing contaminants in gastungsten-arc process shields. Welding Journal 49(11): 538-s to 544-s.
25. Kraus, H. G. 1989. Experimental measurement of stationary SS 304, SS 316L and 8630 GTA weld pool surface temperature Welding Journal 68(7): 269-s to 279-s.
26. Giedt, W. H., Tallerico L. N., and Fuerschbach, P. W. 1989. GTA welding efficiency calorimetric and temperature field measurements. Welding Journal 68(1): 28-s to 32-s.
27. Kraus, H. G. 1989. Surface temperature measurements of GTA weld pools on thin plate 304 stainless steel. Welding Journal 68(3): 84-s to 91-s.
28. Giedt, W. H., Wei, X.-C., and Wei, S. R. 1984. Effect of surface convection on stationary GTA weld zone temperatures. Welding Journal 63(12): 376-s to 383-s.
29. Bennett, W. S., and Mills, G. S. 1974. GTA weldability studies on high manganese stainless steel. Welding Journal 53(12): 548-s to 553-s.
30. Mills, G. S. 1977. Analysis of high manganese stainless steel weldability problem. Welding Journal 56(6): 186-s to 188-s.
31. Metcalfe, J. C., and Quigley, M. B. C 1977. Arc and pool instability in GTA welding. Welding Journal 56(5): 133-s to 139-s.
32. Faber, W., and Jackel, B. 1989. Practical use of an arc sensor for fillet welding Welding International 3(1): 27-30.
33. Nomura, H. An Automated Control System of Weld Bead Formation in One-Sided Submerged Arc Welding, IIW Doc. XII-c-032 82.
34. Nomura, H., Satoh, Y., Tohno, K., Satoh Y., and Kurotori, M. 1980. Arc light intensity controls current in SA welding system. Welding and Metal Fabrication 23(48): 457-465.
35. Salter, R. J., and Deam, R. T. 1986. A practical front face penetration control system for TIG welding. Proceedings of International Conference on Trends in Welding Research pp 381-392, Gatlinburg, Tenn.
36. Connelly, C., Fetzer, G. J., Gann, R. G. and Auarand, T. E. 1986. Reliable welding of HSLA steels by square wave pulsing using an advanced sensing (EDAP) technique. Proceedings of International Conference on Trends in Welding Research, pp. 421-423, Gatlinburg Tenn.
37. Deam, R. T. 1986. Weld pool frequency: a new way to define a weld procedure. Proceedings of International Conference on Trends in Welding Research, pp. 967-970 Gatlinburg, Tenn.
38. Johnson, et al., U.S. Patent 3,236,997 Feb. 1966.
39. Wang, Q., and Zhang, L. 1992. Arc light sensing of droplet transfer in GMA welding and the real-time control of one pulse one droplet. Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Welding Technology Institute of Australia, Vol.1, pp. 124-136.
40. Madigan, R. B., Quinn, T. P., and Siewert, T. A. 1989. Sensing droplet detachment and electrode extension for control of gas metal arc welding. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Trends in Welding Research, pp. 999-1002, Gatlinburg, Tenn.
41. Johnson, J. A., Carlson, N. M., and Smartt, H. B. 1989. Detection of metal-transfer mode in GMAW. Proc. 2nd International Conf. on Trends in Welding Reseach, pp. 377-381, Gatlinburg, Tenn.
42. Chen, J. H., Fan, D., He, Z. Q., Ye, J., and Luo, Y. C. 1989. A study of the welding mechanism for globular metal transfer from covered electrodes. Welding Journal 70(4): 145-s to 150-s.
43. Clark, D. E., Buhrmaster, C. L., and Smartt, H. B. 1989. Drop transfer mechanisms in GMAW. Proc. 2nd International Conf. on Trends in Welding Research, pp. 371-375, Gatlinburg, Tenn.
44. Wang, Q. L. 1981. The study on the relation between arc sound and arc phenomena. Science Report of Harbin Institute of Techology 78(9): 124-129.
45. Richardson, R. W., and Edwards, F. S. 1995. Controlling CT arc length from arc light emissions. Proceedings of the 4th Trends in Welding Research, Gatlinburg, Tenn.
46. Guo, Z. Y., and Zhao, W. H. 1980. Arc and Thermal Plasma, First Edition, Science Press (China), pp. 22-23, 260-319.
47. Song, Y. L., and Li, J. Y. 1995. Thermoequilibrium in welding arc plasma. Transactions of China Welding Institution 15(2): 138-145.
48. Lochte-Holtgreven, W. 1968. Plasma Diagnostics, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
49. Bekefi, G. 1966. Radiation Processes in Plasma, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
50. Olsen, H. N. 1957. Temperature Measurements in high current arc plasmas. Amer. Phys. Soc. Bulletin, p.81, January 29.
51. Kobayashi, M., and Suga, T. 1979. A Method for the Spectral Temperature Measurement of a Welding Arc, in Arc Physics and Weld Pool Behavior, The Welding Institute, Cambridge, U.K.
52. Cobine, J. D. 1958. Gaseous Conductors, McGraw-Hill Book Co., p. 290.
53. Ando, K., and Hasegawa, M. 1973. Welding Arc Phenomena, Sanpo Shuppan Corp.
54. Ushio, M., and Mao, W. 1994. Sensors for arc welding: adavantages and limitations. Transactions of JWRI 23(2): 135-141.
55. Nomura, H. 1994. Sensors and Control Systems in Arc Welding. First Edition, Chapman & Hall.