Cattle-to-Cattle Transmission of Bovine Tuberculosis

Veterinary Journal

Volumn 160, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 92-106

  Menzies, Fraser D ^a   Neill, S D ^a  

^a AGRI FOOD AND BIOSCIENCES INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bovine tuberculosis; Mycobacterium bovis; Transmission

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BOS TAURUS; BOVINAE; MYCOBACTERIUM; MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; CATTLE; CATTLE DISEASE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS; PATHOGENICITY; POLICY; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; CATTLE; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS; PUBLIC POLICY; TUBERCULOSIS, BOVINE;

EID: 0034267383     PISSN: 10900233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/tvjl.2000.0482     Document Type: Review

References (106)

1. ANON. (1994). Report of a WHO/FAO/OIE consultation on animal tuberculosis vaccines held in Geneva, 3-5 August 1994. p. 8. Geneva: Veterinary Public Health Unit, World Health Organization.
2. ANON. (1998a). Trends and sources of zoonotic agents in animals, feedstuffs, food and man in the European Union in 1997. Part 1. pp. 29-37. Document No. VI/8495/98 of the European Commission.
3. ANON. (1998b). Towards a sustainable policy to control TB in cattle: a scientific initiative. First report to the Rt Hon Dr Jack Cunningham MP from the Independent Scientific Group on cattle TB July 1998. pp. 45.
4. BARLOW, N. D., KEAN, J. M., LIVINGSTONE, P. G. & ROBSON, A. B. (1997). A simulation model for the spread of bovine tuberculosis within New Zealand cattle herds. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 32, 57-75.
5. BATES, J. H. (1980). Transmission and pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Clinics in Chest Medicine 1, 167-74.
6. BUDDLE, B. M., ALDWELL, F. E., PFEFFER, A., DE LISLE, G. W. & CORNER, L.A. (1994). Experimental Mycobacterium bovis infection of cattle - effect of dose of Mycobacterium bovis and pregnancy on immune responses and distribution of lesions. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 42, 167-72.
7. CAFFREY, J. P. (1994). Status of bovine tuberculosis eradication programmes in Europe. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 1-4.
8. CASSIBY, J. P., BRYSON, D. G., POLLOCK, J. M., EVANS, R. T., FORSTER, F. & NEILL, S. D. (1998). Early lesion formation in cattle experimentally infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Journal of Comparative Pathology 119, 27-44.
9. CASSIDY, J. P., BRYSON, D. G. & NEILL, S. D. (1999a). Tonsillar lesions in cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Veterinary Record 144, 139-42.
10. CASSIDY, J. P., BRYSON, D. G., POLLOCK, J. M., EVANS, R. T., FORSTER, F. & NEILL, S. D. (1999b). Lesion formation in cattle infected by exposure to calves inoculated with Mycobacterium bovis. Journal of Comparative Pathology 121, 321-7.
11. CATANZARO, A. (1982). Nosocomial tuberculosis. American Review of Respiratory Disease 125, 559-62.
12. CAVIRANI, S., FANTI, F., CONTI, S., et al. (1999). Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis using conventional medium and radiometric method. Proceedings of the Italian Society for Veterinary Science held at Silva Marina, Italy on 17-19 September 1998. pp. 171.
13. CHALMERS, J. W. T., JAMIESON, A. F. & RAFFERTY, P. (1996). An outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in two herds in South West Scotland - veterinary and public health response. Journal of Public Health Medicine 18, 54-8.
14. CLIFTON-HADLEY, R. & WILESMITH, J. (1995). An epidemiological outlook on bovine tuberculosis in the developed world. Proceedings of the second international conference on Mycobacterium bovis held at the University of Otago, New Zealand on 28 August-1 September 1995. pp. 178-82.
15. CLIFTON-HADLEY, R. S., WILESMITH, J. W., RICHARDS, M. S., UPTON, P. & JOHNSTON, S. (1995). The occurrence of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle in and around an area subject to extensive badger (Meles meles) control. Epidemiology and Infection 114, 179-93.
16. COLE, S. T., BROSCH, R., PARKHILL, J., et al. (1998). Deciphering the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence. Nature 393, 537-44.
17. COLLINS, F. M. (1994). The immune response to mycobacterial infection: development of new vaccines. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 95-110.
18. COLLINS, D. M., DE LISLE, G. W., COLLINS, J. D. & COSTELLO, E. (1994). DNA restriction fragment typing of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from cattle and badgers in Ireland. Veterinary Record 134, 681-2.
19. COLLINS, D., KAWAKAMI, P., WILSON, T. & de LISLE, G. (1995). Virulence factors of Mycobacterium bovis. Proceedings of the second international conference on Mycobacterium bovis held at the University of Otago, New Zealand on 28 August - 1 September 1995. pp. 1-4.
20. COLLINS, J. D. (1996). Factors relevant to M. bovis eradication. Irish Veterinary Journal 49, 241-3.
21. COOPER, G. L., GRANGE, J. M., MCGREGOR, J. A. & MCFADDEN, J.J. (1989). The potential use of DNA probes to identify and type strains within the Mycobacterium bovis complex. Letters in Applied Microbiology 8, 127-30.
22. CORNER, L. A. (1994). Post mortem diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 53-63.
23. COSTELLO, E., DOHERTY, M. L., MONAGHAN, M. L., QUIGLEY, F.C. & O'REILLY, P.F. (1998). A study of cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis. Veterinary Journal 155, 245-50.
24. CREWS, K. B. (1991). Post-mortem findings in bovine tuberculosis reactors. Surveillance 18, 15-16.
25. DE KANTOR, I. N., BIOCH, D. & ROSWURM, J. D. (1978). Mycobacteria isolated from nasal secretions of tuberculin test reactor cattle. American Journal of Veterinary Research 39, 1233-4.
26. DE KANTOR, I. N. & RITACCO, V. (1994). Bovine tuberculosis in Latin America and the Caribbean: current status, control and eradication programs. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 5-14.
27. DE LISLE, G., BUDDLE, B. & COLLINS, D. (1995). The measurement of virulence of mycobacteria. Proceedings of the second international conference on Mycobacterium bovis held at the University of Otago, New Zealand on 28 August - 1 September 1995. pp. 67-9.
28. DENNY, G. O. & WILESMITH, J. W. (1999). Bovine tuberculosis in Northern Ireland: a case-control study of herd risk factors. Veterinary Record 144, 305-10.
29. DOHERTY, M. L., MONAGHAN, M. L., BASSETT, H. F., QUINN, P.J. & DAVIS, W.C. (1995). Effect of dietary restriction on cell-mediated immune responses in cattle infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 49, 307-20.
30. DUFFIELD, B. J. & YOUNG, D. A. (1985). Survival of Mycobacterium bovis in defined environmental conditions. Veterinary Microbiology, 10, 193-7.
31. ESSEY, M. A. & KOLLER, M. A. (1994). Status of bovine tuberculosis in North America. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 15-22.
32. EVANGELISTA, T. B. R. & DE ANDA, J. H. (1996). Tuberculosis in dairy calves: risk of Mycobacterium spp. exposure associated with management of colostrum and milk. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 27, 23-7.
33. EVES, J. A. (1999). Impact of badger removal on bovine tuberculosis in east County Offaly. Irish Veterinary Journal 52, 199-203.
34. FLANAGAN, P. A. & KELLY, G. (1996). A study of tuberculosis breakdowns in herds in which some purchased animals were identified as reactors. Irish Veterinary Journal 49, 704-76.
35. FRANCIS, J. (1958). Tuberculosis in Animals and Man. 357 pp. London: Cassell & Co.
36. FRANCIS, J. (1971). Susceptibility to tuberculosis and the route of infection. Australian Veterinary Journal 47, 414.
37. FRANCIS, J. (1972). Route of infection in tuberculosis. Australian Veterinary Journal 48, 578.
38. GALLAGHER, J. (1980). Badgers, cattle and tuberculosis. Report by Lord Zuckerman. pp. 86-98. London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office.
39. GRIFFIN, J. M. & HAHSEY, T. (1992). Analysis of epidemiology reports on 3975 herd breakdowns in ten DVO regions during 1987-90. Irish Veterinary Journal 45, 126.
40. GRIFFIN, J. M. (1993). The role of bought-in cattle in herd breakdowns due to tuberculosis in part of County Cavan during 1989. Irish Veterinary Journal 46, 143-8.
41. GRIFFIN, J. M., HAHSEY, T., LYNCH, K., SALMAN, M. D., MCCARTHY, J. & HURLEY, T. (1993). The association of cattle husbandry practices, environmental factors and farmers characteristics with the occurrence of chronic bovine tuberculosis in dairy herds in the Republic of Ireland. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 17, 145-60.
42. GRIFFIN, J. M. & DOLAN, L. A. (1995). The role of cattle-to-cattle transmission of Mycobacterium bovis in the epidemiology of tuberculosis in cattle in the Republic of Ireland: A review. Irish Veterinary Journal 48, 228-34.
43. GRIFFIN, J. M. MARTIN, S. W., THORBURN, M. A., EVES, J. A. & HAMMOND, R. F. (1996). A case-control study on the association of selected risk factors with the occur-rence of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic of Ireland. Preventive Veterinary Medicines 27, 217-29.
44. GUARDA, F., BOLLO, E., BIOLIOTTI, B., NEGRO, M. & COMINO, G. (1995). Sul coinvolgimento delle tonsille nella tubercolosi del bovino: problemi e propottive. 27th proceedings of the Italian association for buiatrics held in Alba (CN) on 2-4 June 1995. pp. 263-7.
45. HAHSEY, T., KELLEHER, D. L. & DOHERTY, J. (1992). An investigation of a possible association between the occurrence of bovine tuberculosis and weather variables. Irish Veterinary Journal 45, 127-8.
46. HARDIE, R. M. & WATSON, J. M. (1992). Mycobacterium bovis in England and Wales: past, present and future. Epidemiology and Infection 109, 23-33.
47. JACKSON, R., DE LISLE, G. W. & MORRIS, R. S. (1995). A study of the environmental survival of Mycobacterium bovis on a farm in New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 43, 346-52.
48. JOHNSTON, D. C., ROGERS, A. N., ANDREWS, J. F., DOWNARD, J. A. & THOEN, C. O. (1975). An epizootic of bovine tuberculosis in Georgia. Journal of the American Veterinary Medicine Association 167, 833-7.
49. KREBS, J. R. (1997). Bovine tuberculosis in cattle and badgers. Report to the right Honourable Dr Jack Cunningham MP. p. 28. London: Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.
50. LANGMUIR, A. D. (1961). Epidemiology of airborne infection. Bacteriology Review 25, 173-81.
51. LEPPER, A. W. D. & PEARSON C. W. (1973). The route of infection in tuberculosis of beef cattle. Australian Veterinary Journal 49, 266-7.
52. LURIE, M. B., HEPPLESTON, A. G., ABRAMSON, S. & SWARTZ, I. B. (1950). An evaluation of the method of quantitative air-borne infection and its use in the study of the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 61, 765-97.
53. MADDOCK, E. C. G. (1936). Experiments on the infectivity for healthy calves of bovine tubercle bacilli discharged in dung upon pasture. Journal of Hygiene 36, 594-601.
54. MAFF REPORTS (1966-1971). Annual reports of the Animal Health Services in Great Britain. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
55. MALO, D., HU, J., SKAMENE, E. & SCHURR, E. (1994). Population and molecular genetics of susceptibility to intracellular pathogens. Animal Biotechnology 5, 173-82.
56. MARANGON, S., MARTINI, M., POZZA, M. D. & NETO, J. F. (1998). A case-control study on bovine tuberculosis in the Veneto Region (Italy). Preventive Veterinary Medicine 34, 87-95.
57. MCILROY, S. G., NEILL, S. D. & MCCRACKEN, R. M. (1986). Pulmonary lesions and Mycobacterium bovis excretion from the respiratory tract of tuberculin reacting cattle. Veterinary Record 118, 718-21.
58. MCLEOD, R., BUSCHMAN, E., ARBUCKLE, L. D. & SKAMENE, E. (1995). Immunogenetics in the analysis of resistance to intracellular pathogens. Current Opinion in Immunology 7, 539-52.
59. MITSCHERLICH, E. & MARTH, E. H. (1984). Microbial survival in the environment: bacteria and rickettsiae important in human and animal health, pp. 235-42. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
60. MORRIS, R. S., PFEIFFER, D. U. & JACKSON, R. (1994). The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 153-77.
61. MUNROE, F. A. & DOHOO, I. R. (1999). Estimating the incidence rate of within-herd spread of M. bovis. Proceedings of the Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine conference held in Bristol, England on 24-26 March 1999. pp. 164-71.
62. MUNROE, F., DOHOO, I., MCNAB, W. B. & SPANGLER, L. (1999). Risk factors for the between-herd spread of Mycobacterium bovis in Canadian cattle and cervids between 1985 and 1994. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 41, 119-33.
63. NEILL, S. D., HANNA, J., O'BRIEN, J. J. & MCCRACKEN, R.M. (1988a). Excretion of Mycobacterium bovis by experimentally infected cattle. Veterinary Record 123, 340-3.
64. NEILL, S. D. O'BRIEN, J. J. & MCCRACKEN, R. M. (1988b). Mycobacterium bovis in the anterior respiratory tracts in the heads of tuberculin-reacting cattle. Veterinary Record 122, 184-6.
65. NEILL, S. D., HANNA, J., O'BRIEN, J.J. & MCCRACKEN, R. M. (1989). Transmission of tuberculosis from experimentally infected cattle to in-contact calves. Veterinary Record 124, 269-71.
66. NEILL, S. D., O'BRIEN, J. J. & HANNA J. (1991). A mathematical model for Mycobacterium bovis excretion from tuberculous cattle. Veterinary Microbiology 28, 103-9.
67. NEILL, S. D., HANNA J., MACKIE, D. P. & BRYSON, T. G. D. (1992). Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from the respiratory tracts of skin test-negative cattle. Veterinary Record 131, 45-7.
68. NEILL, S. D., CASSIDY, J. P., HANNA, J., et al. (1994a). Detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in skin test negative cattle using an assay for bovine interferongamma. Veterinary Record 135, 134-5.
69. NEILL, S. D., HANNA, J., POLLOCK, J., et al. (1994b). The diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis by blood testing. Proceedings of the society for veterinary epidemiology and preventative medicine conference held at the Queen's University of Belfast on 13-15 April 1994. pp. 1-8.
70. NEILL, S. D., POLLOCK, J. M., BRYSON, D. B. & HANNA, J. (1994c). Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 41-52.
71. NEILL, S. (1995). Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle and its control in developed countries. Proceedings of the second international conference on Mycobacterium bovis held at the University of Otago, New Zealand on 28 August-1 September 1995. pp. 181-6.
72. NEILL, S., HANNA, J., CLEMENTS, A., CASSIDY, J., POLLOCK, J. & BRYSON, D. G. (1995). Diagnosing tuberculosis in animals. Proceedings of the second international conference on Mycobacterium bovis held at the University of Otago, New Zealand on 28 August-1 September 1995. pp. 300-3.
73. O'CONNOR, R., CONWAY, A. & MURPHY, M. (1993). Study of socio-economic impediments to bovine tuberculosis eradication. 215 pp. Dublin: Eradication of Animals Disease Board, Department of Agriculture, Food and Fisheries.
74. O'REILLY, L. M. & COSTELLO, E. (1988). Bovine tuberculosis with special reference to the epidemiological significance of pulmonary lesions. Irish Veterinary News 10, 11-21.
75. O'REILLY, L. M. & DABORN, C. J. (1995). The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections in animals and man: a review. Tubercle and Lung Disease 76 Supplement 1, 1-46.
76. POLLOCK, J. M., POLLOCK, D. A., CAMPBELL, D. G., et al. (1996). Dynamics changes in circulating and antigen responsive T-cell subpopulation post-Mycobacterium bo vis infection in cattle. Immunology 87, 236-41.
77. PERUMAALLA, V. S., ADAMS, L. G., PAYEUR, J., et al. (1996). Molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis in Texas and Mexico. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 34, 2066-71.
78. PERUMAALLA, V. S., ADAMS, L. G., PAYEUR, J., BACA, D. & FICHT, T.A. (1999). Molecular fingerprinting confirms extensive cow-to-cow intra-herd transmission of a single Mycobacterium bovis strain. Veterinary Microbiology 70, 269-76.
79. PRITCHARD, D. G. (1988). A century of bovine tuberculosis 1888-1988: Conquest and Controversy. Journal of Comparative Pathology 99, 357-99.
80. QURESHI, T., TEMPLETON, J. W. & ADAMS, L. G. (1996). Intracellular survival of Brucella abortus, Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Salmonella dublin, and Salmonella typhimurium in macrophages from cattle genetically resistant to Brucella abortus. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 50, 55-65.
81. RATCLIFFE, H. L. (1952). Tuberculosis induced by droplet nuclei infection. American Journal of Hygiene 55, 36-48.
82. RILEY, R. L., MILLS, C. C., O'GRADY, F., SULTAN, L. U., WITTSTADT, F. & SHIVPURI, D. N. (1962). Infectiousness of air from a tuberculosis ward. American Review of Respiratory Disease 85, 511-25.
83. RYAN, T. J. (1994). A spreadsheet model of tuberculosis control. Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics, Nairobi, 15-19 August 1994. pp. 388-90.
84. SAUTER, C. M. & MORRIS, R. S. (1995). Dominance hierarchies in cattle and red deer (Cervus elaphus): Their possible relationship to the transmission of bovine tuberculosis. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 43, 301-5.
85. SCANLON, M. P. & QUINN, P. J. (1999). The survival and chemical inactivation of Mycobacterium bovis in cattle slurry. Association of Veterinary Teachers and Research Workers spring meeting at the Veterinary Sciences Division, Belfast, 19th March 1999. p. 4.
86. SCHOENBAUM, M. A., ESPE, B. H. & BEHRING, B. (1992). Epidemic of bovine tuberculosis cases originating from an infected beef herd in Oklahoma, USA. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 13, 113-20.
87. SKUCE, R. A., BRITTAIN, D., HUGHES, M. S., BECK, L-A. & NEILL, S. D. (1994). Genomic fingering of Mycobacterium bovis from cattle by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 32, 2387-92.
88. SKUCE, R. A., BRITTAIN, D., HUGHES, M. S. & NEILL, S. D. (1996). Differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from animals by DNA typing. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 34, 2469-74.
89. STAMP, J. T. (1944). A review of the pathogenesis and pathology of bovine tuberculosis with special reference to practical problems. Veterinary Record 56, 443-6.
90. STAMP, J. T. (1948). Bovine pulmonary tuberculosis. Journal of Comparative Pathology 58, 9-23.
91. STAMP, J. T. & WILSON, A. (1946). Some aspects of the pathogenesis of bovine tuberculosis, based on abattoir returns. Veterinary Record 58, 11-15.
92. STEELE, J. H. & RANNEY, A. F. (1958). Animal Tuberculosis. American Review of Respiratory Diseases 77, 908-21.
93. STEGER, G. (1970). Rindertuberkulose in Tierschauen [Bovine tuberculosis at cattle shows]. Tierarzliche Umschau 22, 416-21.
94. SULTAN, L., NYKA, W., MILLS, C., O'GRADY, F., WELLS, W. & RILEY, R. L. (1960). Tuberculous disseminators: a study of the variability of aerial infectivity of tuberculous patients. American Review of Respiratory Diseases 82, 358-69.
95. TEMPLETON, J. & ADAMS, G. (1995). Genetics of natural resistance to tuberculosis. Proceedings of the second international conference on Mycobacterium bovis held at the University of Otago, New Zealand on 28 August - 1 September 1995. pp. 28-32.
96. TWEEDLE, N. E. & LIVINGSTONE, P. (1994). Bovine tuberculosis control and eradication programs in Australia and New Zealand. Veterinary Microbiology 40, 23-39.
97. WELLS, W. F., RATCLIFFE, H. L. & CRUMB, C. (1948). On the mechanics of droplet nuclei infection. II. Quantitative experimental air-borne infection in rabbits. American Journal of Hygiene 47, 11-28.
98. WILESMITH, J. W. (1983). Epidemiological features of bovine tuberculosis in cattle herds in Great Britain. Journal of Hygiene 90, 159-76.
99. WILESMITH, J. W., LITTLE, T. W. A., THOMPSON, H. V. & SWAN, C. (1982). Bovine tuberculosis in domestic and wild mammals in an area of Dorset. 1. Tuberculosis in cattle. Journal of Hygiene 89, 195-210.
100. WILESMITH, J. W., BODE, R., PRITCHARD, D. G., STUART, F. A. & SAYERS, P. E. (1986). Tuberculosis in East Sussex. I. Outbreaks of tuberculosis in cattle herds (1964-1984). Journal of Hygiene 97, 1-10.
101. WILESMITH, J. W. & WILLIAMS, D. R. (1986). Tuberculosis lesions in reactor cows. Veterinary Record 119, 51.
102. WILESMITH, J. W. & WILLIAMS, D. R. (1987). Observations on the incidence of herds with non-visible lesioned tuberculin test reactors in south-west England. Epidemiology and Infection 99, 173-8.
103. WILLIAMS, R. S. & HOY, W. A. (1930). The viability of B. tuberculosis (bovinus) on pasture land, in stored faeces and in liquid manure. Journal of Hygiene 30, 413-19.
104. WHIPPLE, D. L., BOLIN, C. A. & MILLER, J. M. (1996). Distribution of lesions in cattle infected with Mycobaderium bovis. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 8, 351-4.
105. WRAY, C. (1975). Survival and spread of pathogenic bacteria of veterinary importance within the environment. Veterinary Bulletin 45, 543-50.
106. WRIGHT, R. (1985). The guilty secret of kissing cows. New Scientist 108 (No. 1479), 19.