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The intensity imbalance was less than about 0.05 in our experiment, which corresponded to a maximum displacement of the trap center from the field zero of ̃0.03 cm, for a magnetic gradient 18 G/cm. A discussion of the imbalance dependence of the trap center location can be found to Ref. [31].
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50
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0342577827
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note
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min), where ΔI is the fluctuation of fluorescence intensity mainly due to the noises in laser and CCD. ΔI can be approximately determined by measuring the standard deviation of the fluorescence when the quadrupole magnetic field is not turned on.
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These facts tell us that if a laser is elliptically polarized, the direction of the major axis of the ellipse will affect the observation result. As a pure circular polarization state is hard to realize, when doing the above experiment for circularly polarized laser we always arranged the major axis of the ellipse along the y direction in order to exclude the influence of this asymmetry on the dip.
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A recent experiment shows that this is very likely the right reason. In this experiment, we added a repump laser tuned to resonance of 1→2 transition which, combined with the 2 →3 transition, could form a nearly closed system. It was found that the contrast of the dip was affected little when the power of the pump laser was weak, while, when its intensity was high, the darkness degraded evidently compared to that without a repump laser.
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