Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk

Current Cardiology Reports

Volumn 2, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 288-292

  Gerhard Herman, Marie ^a   Hamburg, Naomi ^a   Ganz, Peter ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; ESTROGEN RECEPTOR; GESTAGEN;

ANIMAL; ARTERY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; ESTROGEN THERAPY; FEMALE; HEART; HUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; VASODILATATION;

ANIMALS; ARTERIES; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ESTROGENS; FEMALE; HEART; HUMANS; PROGESTINS; RECEPTORS, ESTROGEN; RISK FACTORS; VASODILATION;

EID: 0034220722     PISSN: 15233782     EISSN: 15343170     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11886-000-0083-5     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Gerhard M, Ganz P: How do we explain the clinical benefits of estrogen? From bedside to bench [editorial; comment]. Circulation 1995, 92:5-8.
2. Guetta V, Cannon RO 3rd: Cardiovascular effects of estrogen and lipid-lowering therapies in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1996, 93:1928-37.
3. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T, et al. : Randomized trial of estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research Group [see comments]. JAMA 1998, 280:605-613.
4. Jick H, Derby LE, Myers MW, et al. : Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among users of postmenopausal oestrogens [see comments]. Lancet 1996, 348:981-983.
5. Daly E, Vessey MP, Hawkins MM, et al. : Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of hormone replacement therapy [see comments]. Lancet 1996, 348:977-980.
6. Grodstein F, Stampfer MJ, Goldhaber SZ, et al. : Prospective study of exogenous hormones and risk of pulmonary embolism in women [see comments]. Lancet 1996, 348:983-987.
7. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Rifai N, et al. : Hormone replacement therapy and increased plasma concentration of C-reactive protein. Circulation 1999, 100:713-716.
8. Cummings SR, Eckert S, Krueger KA, et al. : The effect of raloxifene on risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: results from the MORE randomized trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation [see comments] [published erratum appears in JAMA 1999, 282:2124]
9. JAMA 1999, 281:2189-2197.
10. Price DT, Ridker PM: Factor V Leiden mutation and the risks for thromboembolic disease: a clinical perspective [see comments]. Ann Intern Med 1997, 127:895-903.
11. Cushman M, Legault C, Barrett-Connor E, et al. : Effect of postmenopausal hormones on inflammation-sensitive proteins: the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Study. Circulation 1999, 100:717-722.
12. Ridker PM, Hennekens CH, Buring JE, et al. : C-reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. N Engl J Med 2000, 342:836-843.
13. Keaney JF Jr., Shwaery GT, Xu A, et al. : 17 beta-estradiol preserves endothelial vasodilator function and limits lowdensity lipoprotein oxidation in hypercholesterolemic swine. Circulation 1994, 89:2251-2259.
14. Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH: Estrogen and the blood vessel wall. Curr Opin Cardiol 1994, 9:619-626.
15. Mendelsohn ME, Karas RH: The protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system. N Engl J Med 1999, 340:1801-1811.
16. Pinto S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, et al. : Endogenous estrogen and acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in normotensive women. Hypertension 1997, 29:268-273.
17. Guetta V, Quyyumi AA, Prasad A, et al. : The role of nitric oxide in coronary vascular effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1997, 96:2795-2801.
18. Williams JK, Delansorne R, Paris J: Estrogens, progestins, and coronary artery reactivity in atherosclerotic monkeys. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 1998, 65:219-224.
19. Barrett-Connor E: Postmenopausal estrogen therapy and selected (less-often-considered) disease outcomes. Menopause 1999, 6:14-20.
20. Gerhard M, Walsh BW, Tawakol A, et al. : Estradiol therapy combined with progesterone and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in postmenopausal women. Circulation 1998, 98:1158-1163.
21. Hashimoto M, Akishita M, Eto M, et al. : Modulation of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery by sex and menstrual cycle [see comments]. Circulation 1995, 92:3431-3435.
22. Sorensen KE, Dorup I, Hermann AP, et al. : Combined hormone replacement therapy does not protect women against the age-related decline in endothelium-dependent vasomotor function. Circulation 1998, 97:1234-1238.
23. Krasinski K, Spyridopoulos I, Asahara T, et al. : Estradiol accelerates functional endothelial recovery after arterial injury. Circulation 1997, 95:1768-1772.
24. Cid MC, Kleinman HK, Grant DS, et al. : Estradiol enhances leukocyte binding to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-stimulated endothelial cells via an increase in TNF-induced adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule type 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule type 1. J Clin Invest 1994, 93:17-25.
25. Walsh BW, Kuller LH, Wild RA, et al. : Effects of raloxifene on serum lipids and coagulation factors in healthy postmenopausal women [see comments]. JAMA 1998, 279:1445-1451.
26. Williams JK, Honore EK, Adams MR: Contrasting effects of conjugated estrogens and tamoxifen on dilator responses of atherosclerotic epicardial coronary arteries in nonhuman primates. Circulation 1997, 96:1970-1975.
27. Clarkson TB, Anthony MS, Jerome CP: Lack of effect of raloxifene on coronary artery atherosclerosis of postmenopausal monkeys [see comments]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998, 83:721-726.
28. Clarkson TB, Cline JM, Williams JK, et al. : Gonadal hormone substitutes: effects on the cardiovascular system. Osteoporos Int 1997, 7:S43-S51.