The new global and urban order: Legacies for the "Hip-Hop Generation"

Race and Society

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 111-142

  Lang, Clarence ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034215518     PISSN: 10909524     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1090-9524(01)00025-0     Document Type: Article

References (158)

1. Africa Fund, American Committee on Africa, Africa Policy Information Center. (2001). "Statement on the Drug Companies' Attack on South Africans' Right to Health" (March 5).
2. Ahmad, Ishmael Lateef. (1999). "Missouri exporting hate?" St. Louis American (August 26-September 2): 1.
3. Anderson, S.E. (1977). "Black students: Racial consciousness and the class struggle, 1960-1976." The Black Scholar (January-February): 35-43.
4. Angel, Ronald, & Jacqueline Angel. (1993). Painful Inheritance: Health and the New Generation of Fatherless Families. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
5. Arrested Development. (1992). 3 Years, 5 Months and 2 Days in the Life of Chrysalis Records.
6. Arthur Levitt Public Affairs Center (sponsored with the NAACP and Zogby International). (1999). "Racial Attitudes of Young Americans" (August 16).
7. A Tribe Called Quest. (1990). People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm. Jive Records.
8. Associated Press. (1999). "2-state Rampage Terrorized Many and Left 3 Dead" (July 6).
9. Associated Press. (1999). "Even Some Middle Class Families Can't Make Ends Meet, Census Report Finds" (July, 9).
10. Associated Press. (1999). "Suspect Attended Aryan Nations Services" (August 12).
11. Associated Press. (1999). "Study Says Welfare Reform has Worsened Plight of the Very Poor" (August 22).
12. Associated Press. (1999). "Two White Youths are Charged with Killing Black Indiana Teen" (November 24).
13. Associated Press. (2000). "Chicago Approves Anti-loitering Law" (February 16).
14. Associated Press. (2000). "Trial set for FAMU bombing suspect." Florida Today (May 10): 3.
15. Associated Press. (2000). "CIA had no role in crack epidemic, house probe concludes." Washington Post (May 12): A29.
16. Associated Press. (2000). "'Appalling' Oregon school gets state funds." Seattle Times (May 30): B5.
17. Balz, John. (1999). "Segregation OK with many youths." Chicago Sun-times (August 17): 18.
18. Baraka, Amiri. (1984). The Autobiography of LeRoi Jones/Amiri Baraka. New York: Freundlich Books.
19. Bell, Bill Jr. (2000). "House members vote to phase out estate tax; Clinton vows veto." St. Louis Post-dispatch (June, 10):5.
20. Bernstein, Nina. (1999). "Mother faces trial after baby dies from lack of breast milk." New York Times (March 15): B1.
21. Bernstein, Nina. (1999). "Mother charged with starving baby tells of frantic effort to save him." New York Times (May 19): B5.
22. Bernstein, Nina. (1999). "Mother convicted in infant's starvation death gets 5 years' probation:" New York Times (September 9): B3.
23. Black August Collective. (2000). Statement of purpose. BLU (Vol. 2, Issue 9).
24. Boogie down productions. (1988). By All Means Necessary. Jive Records.
25. Boogie down productions. (1990). Edutainment. Jive Records.
26. Booker, Chris. (1998). "Lumpenization: A critical error of the black panther party." In: The Black Panther Party Reconsidered, edited by Charles E. Jones. Baltimore: Black Classic Press.
27. Branch-Brioso, Karen, & Norm Parish. (2001). "In education, African-Americans are closing the gap with whites." St. Louis Post-dispatch (February, 22):A1.
28. Brinkley, Alan. (1989). "The new deal and the idea of the state." In: The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980, edited by Steven Fraser and Gary Gerstle. Princeton University Press.
29. Brown, Elaine. (1992). A Taste of Power: A Black Woman's Story. New York: Pantheon Books.
30. Browne, Judith A. (2001). "Racial profiling in school?" Essence (January): 138.
31. Building Blocks for Youth. (2000). And Justice for Some (reported prepared by the National Council on Crime and Delinquency).
32. Burnham, Margaret A. (2000). "A cynical supreme court." Boston Globe (December 14): A23.
33. Bush, Kathy. (2000). "Accolades help alternative school ease image concerns." Grand Rapids Press (May 30): B1.
34. Bush, Rod. (1999). We are Not What We Seem: Black Nationalism and Class Struggle in the American Century. New York University Press.
35. Cepeda, Raquel. (2000). "Breathe free." The Source (April): 134-38.
36. Centers for Disease Control. (1999). National Vital Statistics Reports (June 30).
37. Cha-Jua, Sundiata. (1999a). "'No Piece, No Peace': Class contradictions in the resurging black freedom movement." The Black World Today (August 2). http://www.tbwt.com.
38. Cha-Jua, Sundiata. (1999b). "The one thing they can't take from you is an education." The Black World Today (December 15). http://www.tbwt.com.
39. Cha-Jua, Sundiata. (2001). "Racial formation and transformation: Toward a theory of black racial oppression." Souls 3 (1): 25-60.
40. Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita, & Clarence Lang. (1997). "Providence, patriarchy, pathology: Louis Farrakhan's rise & decline." New Politics, 6 (2), 47-71.
41. Cha-Jua, Sundiata Keita, & Clarence Lang. (1999). "Strategies for black liberation in the era of globalism: 'Retronouveau' civil rights, militant black conservatism, and radicalism." The Black Scholar 29 (4): 25-48.
42. Churchill, Ward, & Jim Vander Wall. (1990). The COINTELPRO Papers: Documents from the FBI's Secret Wars Against Domestic Dissent. Boston: South End Press.
43. Cleaver, Eldridge. (1972). "On lumpen ideology." The Black Scholar (November-December): 2-23.
44. Cockburn, Alexander, & Jeffrey St. Clair (1998). Whiteout: The CIA, Drugs, and the Press. London: Verso Books.
45. Coleman, Trevor. (2000). "Grown up justice." Emerge (March): 32-39.
46. Collins, Chuck. (1999). "The wealth gap widens." Dollars and Sense (September-October): 12-13.
47. Common. (2000). Like Water for Chocolate. MCA Records.
48. Coup, The. (1993). Kill My Landlord. Wild Pitch Records.
49. Coup, The. (1994). Genocide & Juice. Wild Pitch Records.
50. Coup, The. (1998). Steal This Album. Dogday Records.
51. Curry, George, & Michelle McCalope. (1999). "Reduced to a photo." Emerge (May): 42-47.
52. Davidson, Joe. (1999). "The scales of injustice." Emerge (May): 49-51.
53. Davis, Marcia. (1997). "The blue wall." Emerge (November): 43-49.
54. Davis, Marcia. (1999). "Traffic violation." Emerge (June):, 42-48.
55. Digable Planets. (1994). Blowout Comb. Pendulum Records.
56. Dionne, E. J., Jr. (1992). Why Americans Hate Politics. New York: Touchstone Books.
57. Dr. Dre (1992). The Chronic. Death Row Records.
58. Edsall, Thomas Byrne. (1989). "The changing shape of power: A realignment in public policy." in the Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980.
59. Emmett, Gerard. (2000). "Police brutality epidemic spurs community outrage." News & Letters (May): 1.
60. Esping-Anderson, Gosta, Ed. (1996). Welfare States in Transition: National Adaptations in Global Economies. London: Sage Publications.
61. Fainstein, Susan S., & Norman I. Fainstein (1994). "The racial dimension in urban political economy." in: Major Problems in American Urban History, edited by Howard P. Chudacoff. Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath and Co.
62. Fanon, Frantz. (1966). The Wretched of the Earth. New York: Grove Press.
63. Finney, Joni, & Kristin Conklin. (2000). "Enough of trickle-down: It's time for a flood of aid for needy students." The Chronicle of Higher Education (May 5): A68.
64. Fraser, Nancy, & Linda Gordon. (1994). "A genealogy of 'dependency': Tracing a keyword of the US welfare state." Signs, 19, 309-36.
65. Gelbart, Marcia. (2000). "Students march on capitol." Palm Beach Post (February 9): 1A.
66. Georgakas, Dan, & Marvin Surkin. (1975). Detroit, I Do Mind Dying: A Study in Urban Revolution. New York: St. Martin's Press.
67. Geschwender, James A. (1977). Class, Race and Worker Insurgency: The League of Revolutionary Black Workers Cambridge University Press.
68. Gilbert, Cam. (1997). "A question of murder." Emerge (November): 60-63.
69. Goldberg, Barry. (2000). "Stirring things up, or reeding black politics." New Politics, 8 (1), 83-95.
70. Good, Karen R. (2000). "Fight the power." Blaze (June/July): 90-91.
71. Gordon, Avery F. (1998-99). "Globalization and the prison industrial complex: An interview with Angela Davis." Race & Class, 40(2-3), 145-57.
72. Greenburg, Jan Crawford. (1999). "Top court ruling shows way to a legal anti-loitering law." Chicago Tribune (June 11): 1.
73. Guthrie, Jim. (2000). "Youth protest 'anti-gang' law." News & Letters (March): 11.
74. Guy, Andrew Jr. (1999). "Losing Isaiah." Emerge (July/August): 62-66.
75. Hammond, Allen S. IV (1998). "Standing at the edge of the digital divide." In: The State of Black America 1998. New York: National Urban League.
76. Healy, Patrick. (2000). "Can city college restore its luster by ending open admissions?" The Chronicle of Higher Education (July 7): A24-26.
77. Henderson, Errol A. (1997). "The lumpenproletariat as vanguard?: The black panther party, social transformation, and Pearson's analysis of Huey Newton." Journal of Black Studies, 28 (2), 171-99.
78. Hilliard, David (with Lewis Cole). (1993). This Side of Glory: The Autobiography of David Hilliard and the Story of the Black Panther Party. Boston: Little, Brown.
79. Hirsch, Arnold R. (1983). Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960. Cambridge University Press.
80. Horne, Gerald. (1995). Fire This Time: The Watts Uprising and the 1960s. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
81. Human Rights Watch. (1998). Shielded from Justice: Police Brutality and Accountability in the United States. New York: Human Rights Watch.
82. Human rights watch-sentencing project. (1998). "Losing the Vote: The Impact of Felony Disenfranchisement Laws in the United States." http://www.hrw.org/reports98/vote.
83. Hutchinson, Earl Ofari. (2001). "A Tale of Two Teen Atrocities: Charles Andrew Williams vs. Lionel Tate." (March 21) http://www.natalliance.org.
84. Ice Cube. (1991). Death Certificate. Priority Records.
85. Jones, Charles E. (1988). "The political repression of the black panther party, 1966-1971: The case of the Oakland bay area." Journal of Black Studies, June: 415-34.
86. Joreen (Jo Freeman). (1973). "The tyranny of structurelessness." In: Radical Feminism, edited by Anne Koedt, Ellen Levine, and Anita Rapone. New York: Quadrangle Books.
87. Katznelson, Ira. (1989). "Was the great society a lost opportunity?" In the Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980.
88. Keeling, Kara. (1999). "'A homegrown revolutionary'?: Tupac shakur and the legacy of the black panther party." The Black Scholar, 29 (2-3), 59-63.
89. Kelley, Robin D.G. (1997). Yo' Mama's Disfunktional! Fighting the Culture Wars in Urban America. Boston: Beacon Press.
90. Kennedy, John & Linda Kleindienst. (2000). "Students gives Bush an earful." Orlando Sentinel (February 9): A1.
91. Lang, Clarence. (1998). "Political/economic restructuring and the tasks of radical black youth." The Black Scholar, 28 (3-4), 30-38.
92. Lardner, George Jr. (2000). "Tech boom fuels rising home costs." The Washington Post (June 12): A1.
93. Lester, Julius. (1969). Revolutionary Notes. New York: Richard W. Baron.
94. Litwack, Leon F. (1998). Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
95. Lox, The. (1998). Money, Power & Respect. Bad Boy Records.
96. Makaveli. (1996). The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory. Death Row Records.
97. Malveaux, Julianne. (1999). "Separating villains, victims of safety net." USA Today (July 16): 11A.
98. Mandell, Betty Reid. (1997). "Downsizing the welfare state." New Politics, 6 (2), 33-46.
99. Markusen, Ann R. (1984). "Class and urban social expenditure: A marxist theory of metropolitan government." In: Marxism and the Metropolis: New Perspectives in Urban Political Economy, Second Edition, edited by William K. Tabb and Larry Sawers. Oxford University Press.
100. Martin, William G. (2001). "Privatizing prisons from the USA to SA: Controlling dangerous Africans across the Atlantic." ACAS Bulletin, 59(Winter),.
101. Marx, Gary T. (1974). "Thoughts on a neglected category of social movement participant: The agent provocateur and the informant." American Journal of Sociology (September): 402-442.
102. Mauer, Marc, & Tracy Huling. (1995). Young Black Americans and the Criminal Justice System: Five Years Later. Washington, D.C.: The Sentencing Project.
103. McDuffie, Erik S. (2000). "A young black activist's observations of the IMF/world bank protests in Washington, DC, April 16, 2000." BRC Today, 1(2), 9.
104. McKnight, Gerald. (1987). "A harvest of hate: The FBI's war against black Yyuth-domestic intelligence in Memphis, Tennessee." South Atlantic Quarterly, 86 (1), 1-21.
105. Mollenkopf, John H. (1983). The Contested City. Princeton University Press.
106. Mos Def. (1999). Black on Both Sides. Rawkus Records.
107. Moseley, Fred. (1999). "The United States economy at the turn of the century: Entering a new era of prosperity?" Capital and Class, 67, 25-46.
108. Munford, C.J. (1973). "The fallacy of lumpen ideology." The Black Scholar (July-August): 47-51.
109. Munford, C.J. (1978). Production Relations, Class and Black Liberation: A Marxist Perspective in Afro-American Studies. Amsterdam: B.R. Gruner.
110. Nasar, Sylvia, & Kirsten B. Mitchell (1999). "Booming job market draws young black men into fold." New York Times (May 23): p.1.
111. National Low Income Housing Coalition. (1999). Out of Reach: The Gap Between Housing Costs and Income of Poor People in the United States. http://www.nlihc.org/oor99/press.htm.
112. News Services. (1999). "Suspect in LA Shootings, Killing Surrenders to FBI" (August 12).
113. News Services. (1999). "4 Students are Arrested in Alleged Massacre Plot at School in Cleveland" (October 30).
114. Newton, Huey P. (1995). To Die for the People: Selected Writings and Speeches. New York: Writers and Readers. Originally published in 1972.
115. Ngozi-Brown, Scot. (1997). "The US organization, maulana karenga, and conflict with the black panther party: A critique of sectarian influences on historical discourse." Journal of Black Studies, 28 (2), 157-70.
116. O'Reilly, Kenneth. (1989). Racial Matters: The FBI's Secret File on Black America, 1960-1972. New York: Free Press.
117. Paris. (1990). The Devil Made Me Do It. Tommy Boy Records.
118. Payne, Charles M. (1995). I've Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle. Berkeley: University of California Press.
119. Payne, Charles M. (1998). "Debating the civil rights movement: The view from the trenches." In: Debating the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1968, edited by Steven F. Lawson and Charles Payne. New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
120. Pearson, Hugh. (1994). The Shadow of the Panther: Huey Newton and the Price of Black Power in America. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley.
121. Peoples, Betsy. (1999). "Reclaiming life." Emerge (November): 58-63.
122. Pereira, Anthony W. (2001). "Democracies: Emerging or submerging?" Dissent (Winter): 17-23.
123. Public Enemy. (1988). It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back. Def Jam Records.
124. Public Enemy. (1990). Fear of a Black Planet. Def Jam Records.
125. Rainbow/PUSH News Release. (1999). "Reverend Jesse Jackson to Visit Tallahassee Church, Sunday" (September 23).
126. Rajah, Colin. (2000). "Where was the color at A16 in D.C." Colorlines Magazine (August). http://www.colorlines.com.
127. Ransby, Barbara. (2000). "Afrocentrism, cultural nationalism, and the problem with essentialist definitions of race, gender, and sexuality." In: Manning Marable (ed.), Dispatches from the Ivory Tower: Intellectuals Confront the African American Experience. New York: Columbia University Press.
128. Reed, Adolph L. Jr (1986). The Jesse Jackson Phenomenon: The Crisis of Purpose in Afro-American Politics. New Haven: Yale University Press.
129. Reed, Adolph L. Jr (1996). "Dangerous dreams: Black boomers wax nostalgic for the days of Jim Crow." The Village Voice (April 16): 24-29.
130. Reed, Adolph L. Jr (1997). W.E.B. DuBois and American Political Thought: Fabianism and the Color Line. New York: Oxford University Press.
131. Reed, Adolph L. Jr (1999). Stirrings in the Jug: Black Politics in the Post-segregation Era. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
132. Riede, Paul. (2000). "Discipline comes down harder on some pupils." Syracuse Post-standard (May 15): A7.
133. Rieder, Jonathan. (1989). "The rise of the 'silent majority.'" In The Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order, 1930-1980.
134. Rose, Tricia. (1994). Black Noise: Rap Music & Black Culture in Contemporary America. Hanover, N.H. Wesleyan University Press.
135. Ross, Andrew, & Tricia Rose. (1994). Microphone Fiends: Youth Music & Youth Culture. New York: Routledge.
136. Sadovi, Carlos. (1999). "Cicero's car seizure law is unfair." Chicago Sun-times (July 29): 12.
137. Schulman, Bruce. (1995). Lyndon B. Johnson and American Liberalism. Boston: Bedford Books.
138. Sharpe, Tanya Telfair. (2000). "The identity christian movement: Ideology of domestic terrorism." Journal of Black Studies, 30 (4), 604-23.
139. Shinagawa, Larry Hajime, & Michael Jang. (1998). Atlas of American Diversity. Walnut Creek, Calif.: AltaMira Press.
140. Smith, Robert C. (1996). We Have No Leaders: African Americans in the Post-civil Rights Era. Albany: State University of New York Press.
141. Smith, Verne E. (1999). "Showdown in Atlanta." Emerge (November): 48-56.
142. Snoop Doggy Dogg. (1993). Doggystyle. Death Row Records.
143. Solomon, Akiba. (2000). "Dead serious." The Source (April): 148-52.
144. Steinberg, Stephen. (1995). Turning Back: The Retreat from Racial Justice in American Thought and Policy. Boston: Beacon Press.
145. Sugrue, Thomas J. (1996). The Origins of the Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit. Princeton University Press.
146. Tripp, Luke. (1992). "The political views of black students during the Reagan era." The Black Scholar, 22 (3), 45-51.
147. Tuft, Carolyn. (1999). "Christian identity movement has 19 affiliates in Missouri and Illinois." St. Louis Post-dispatch (August, 13):1.
148. 2.Pac. (1993). Strictly 4 My Niggaz. Interscope Records.
149. Pac. (1996). All Eyez on Me. Death Row Records.
150. Valentine, Victoria. (1998). "Youth crime, adult time." Emerge (October): 48-52.
151. Walker, Juliet E. K. (1998). The History of Black Business in America: Capitalism, Race, Entrepreneurship. New York: MacMillan Publishers.
152. Webb, Gary. (1998). Dark Alliance: The CIA, the Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion. New York: Seven Stories Press.
153. Weikel, Dan. (1995). "War on crack targets minorities over whites." Los Angeles Times (May, 21).
154. Wenger, Morton G. (1980). "State responses to Afro-American rebellion: Internal neo-colonialism and the rise of a new black petite Bourgeoisie." Insurgent Sociologist (Fall): 61-72.
155. Woodard, Komozi. (1999). A Nation Within a Nation: Amiri Baraka (Leroi Jones) and Black Power Politics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
156. X-Clan. (1990). To the East, Blackwards. 4th & Broadway Records.
157. X-Clan. (1992). Xodus: The New Testament. Polydor Records.
158. Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. (1997). Manufacturing African Studies and Crises. Senegal: CODESRI.