Validation of mesoscale precipitation in the NCEP reanalysis using a new gridcell dataset for the Northwestern United States

Journal of Climate

Volumn 13, Issue 11, 2000, Pages 1936-1950

  Widmann, Martin ^a,b   Bretherton, Christopher S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; CLIMATOLOGY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; ESTIMATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; STATISTICAL METHODS;

GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY);

CLIMATE MODELING; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; MESOSCALE METEOROLOGY; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY);

OREGON; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON;

EID: 0034210154     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1936:VOMPIT>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Busuioc, A., H. von Storch, and R. Schnur, 1999: Verification of GCM-generated regional seasonal precipitation for current climate and of statistical downscaling estimates under changing climate conditions. J. Climate, 12, 258-272.
2. Daly, C., R. P. Neilson, and D. L. Phillips, 1994: A statistical-topographic model for mapping climatological precipitation over mountainous terrain. J. Appl. Meteor., 33, 140-158.
3. _, G. Taylor, and W. Gibson, 1997: The PRISM approach to mapping precipitation and temperature. Preprints, 10th Conf. on Applied Climatology, Reno, NV, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 10-12.
4. EarthInfo, Inc., 1996: NCDC Summary of the Day. EarthInfo, Inc., CD-ROM. [Available from EarthInfo. Inc., 5541 Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301.]
5. Frei, C., and C. Schär, 1998: A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution raingauge observations. Int. J. Climatol., 18, 873-900.
6. Groisman, P. Y., and D. R. Legates, 1994: The accuracy of the United States precipitation data. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 215-227.
7. Higgins, R. W., K. C. Mo, and S. D. Schubert, 1996: The moisture budget of the central United States as evaluated in the NCEP/ NCAR and the NASA/DAO reanalyses. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 939-963.
8. Huffman, G. J., and Coauthors, 1997: The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) combined precipitation data set. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 5-20.
9. Hulme, M., D. Conway, P. D. Jones, T. Jiang, E. M. Barrow, and C. Turney, 1995: Construction of a 1961-90 European climatology for climate change modelling and impact applications. Int. J. Climatol., 15, 1333-1363.
10. Janowiak, J. E., A. Gruber, C. R. Kondragunta, R. E. Livezey, and G. J. Huffman, 1998: A comparison of the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis precipitation and the GPCP rain gauge-satellite combined dataset with observational error considerations. J. Climate, 11, 2960-2979.
11. Jutowski, W. J., Jr., Y. Chen, and Z. Ötles, 1997: Atmospheric water vapor transport in NCEP-NCAR reanalyses: Comparison with river discharge in the central United States. Bull Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 1957-1969.
12. Kagan, R. L., 1966: An Evaluation of the Representativeness of Precipitation Data (in Russian). Gidrometeoizdat, 191 pp.
13. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
14. Lau, K.-M., J. H. Kim, and Y. Sud, 1996: Intercomparison of hydrologic processes in AMIP GCMs. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 2209-2227.
15. Legates, D. R., and C. J. Willmott, 1990: Mean seasonal and spatial variability in gauge-corrected, global precipitation. Int. J. Climatol., 10, 111-127.
16. _, and T. L. DeLiberty, 1993a: Estimates of biases in precipitation gage measurements: An example using the United States raingage network. Preprints, Eighth Symp. on Meteorological Observations and Instrumentation, Anaheim, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., J48-J51.
17. _, and _, 1993b: Measurement biases in the United States raingage network. Proc. Symp. on Geographic Information Systems and Water Resources, Mobile, AL, Association of American Geographers, 547-557.
18. Leung, L. R., and S. J. Ghan, 1999: Pacific Northwest climate sensitivity simulated by a regional climate model driven by a GCM. Part I: Control simulations. J. Climate, 12, 2010-2030.
19. Mo, K. C., and R. W. Higgins, 1996: Large-scale atmospheric moisture transport as evaluated in the NCEP/NCAR and the NASA/ DAO reanalyses. J. Climate, 9, 1531-1545.
20. Neff, E. L., 1977: How much rain does a rain gage gage? J. Hydrol., 35, 213-220.
21. New, M., M. Hulme, and P. D. Jones, 1999: Representing twentieth-century space-time climate variability. Part I: Development of a 1961-90 mean monthly terrestrial climatology. J. Climate, 12, 829-856.
22. Nijssen, B., D. P. Lettenmaier, X. Liang, S. W. Wetzel, and E. F. Wood, 1997: Streamflow simulation for continental-scale river basins. Water Resour. Res., 33, 711-724.
23. Osborn, T. J., and M. Hulme, 1997: Development of a relationship between station and grid-box rainday frequencies for climate model evaluation. J. Climate, 10, 1885-1908.
24. _, and _, 1998: Evaluation of the European daily precipitation characteristics from the atmospheric model intercomparison project. Int. J. Climatol., 18, 505-522.
25. _, D. Conway, M. Hulme, J. M. Gregory, and P. D. Jones, 1999: Air How influences on local climate: Observed and simulated mean relationships for the United Kingdom. Climate Res., 13, 173-191.
26. Raulin, V., 1879: Über die Vertheilung des Regens im Alpengebiet von Wien bis Marseille. Z. Österr. Ges. Meteor., 14, 233-247.
27. Risbey, J. S., and P. H. Stone, 1996: A case study of the adequacy of GCM simulations for input to regional climate change assessments. J. Climate, 9, 1441-1467.
28. Rudolf, B., H. Hauschild, W. Rüth, and U. Schneider, 1994: Terrestrial precipitation analysis: Operational method and required density of point measurements. Global Precipitation and Climate Change, M. Desbois and F. Désalmond, Eds., NATO ASI Series I, Vol. 26, Springer-Verlag, 173-186.
29. _, _, _, and _, 1996: Comparison of raingauge analyses, satellite-based precipitation estimates and forecast model results. Adv. Space. Res., 7, 53-62.
30. Sevruk, B., 1982: Methods of correction for systematic error in point precipitation measurement for operational use. Operational Hydrology Report 21, WMO No. 589, World Meteorological Organization, 91 pp.
31. Shepard, D. S., 1968: A two-dimensional interpolation function for irregularly spaced data. Proc. 23d Association for Computing Machinery Conf., Brandon/System Press, Inc., 517-524.
32. _, 1984: Computer Mapping: The SYMAP interpolation algorithm. Spatial Statistics and Models, G. L. Gaile and C. J. Willmott, Eds., D. Reidel, 133-145.
33. Skelly, W. C., and A. Henderson-Sellers, 1996: Grid-box or gridpoint: What type of precipitation data do GCMs deliver? Int. J. Climatol., 16, 1079-1086.
34. Stendel, M., and K. Arpe, 1997: Evaluation of the Hydrological Cycle in Reanalyses and Observations. ECMWF Re-Analysis Validation Reports - Part I. ECMWF Re-Analysis Project Report Series, Vol. 6, ECMWF, 53 pp.
35. Vogel, R. M., and J. R. Stedinger, 1985: Minimum variance streamflow augmentation procedures. Water Resour. Res., 21, 715-723.
36. Widmann, M., and C. Schär, 1997: A principal component and long-term trend analysis of daily precipitation in Switzerland. Int. J. Climatol., 17, 1333-1356.
37. Wilby, R. L., 1997: Nonstationarity in daily precipitation series: Implications for GCM downscaling using atmospheric circulation indices. Int. J. Climatol., 17, 439-454.
38. _, 1998: Statistical downscaling of daily precipitation using airflow and seasonal teleconnection indices. Climate Res., 10, 163-178.
39. _, and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000: Precipitation predictors for downscaling: Observed and general circulation model relationships. Int. J. Climatol., in press.
40. Willmott, C. J., C. M. Rowe, and W. D. Philpot, 1985: Small-scale climate maps: A sensitivity analysis of some common assumptions associated with grid-point interpolation and contouring. Amer. Cartogr., 12, 5-16.