Selected chemical parameters in the blood and metals in the organs of the Nile crocodile, Crocodylus Niloticus, in the Kruger National Park

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 67, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 141-148

  Swanepoel, D ^a   Boomker, J ^b   Kriek, N P J ^b  

^a KRUGER NATIONAL PARK   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Blood; Crocodile; Crocodylus Niloticus; Kruger National Park; Metals

Indexed keywords

CROCODYLIDAE (ALL CROCODILES); CROCODYLUS NILOTICUS;

METAL;

ALLIGATOR; ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BLOOD; FEMALE; KIDNEY; LIVER; MALE; METABOLISM; MUSCLE; SOUTH AFRICA;

ALLIGATORS AND CROCODILES; ANIMALS; FEMALE; KIDNEY; LIVER; MALE; METALS; MUSCLES; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 0034195088     PISSN: 00302465     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. AMADOR, E. & URBAN, J. 1972. Simplified serum phosphorus analysis by continuous flow spectrophotometer. Clinical Chemistry, 18:601-604.
2. th ed; I & II. Virginia, USA: AOAC International.
3. DOUMAS, B.T., WATSON, W.A. & BIGGS, H.G. 1971. Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromocresol green. Clinica Chimica Acta, 31:87-96.
4. DU PREEZ, H.H., VAN DER MERWE, M. & VAN VUREN, J.H.J. 1997. Bioaccumulation of selected metals in African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus from the lower Olifants River, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Koedoe, 40:77-90,
5. EISENMANN, G. 1967. (Ed.). Glass electrodes for hydrogen and other cations: principles and practice. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
6. FOGGIN, C.M. 1987. Diseases and disease control on crocodile farms in Zimbabwe, in Wildlife management: crocodiles and alligators, edited by G.J.W. Webb, S.C. Maniolis & P.J. Whitehead. Surrey Beatty, Chipping Norton, NSW.
7. FRYE, F.L. 1991. Nutrition: A practical guide for feeding captive reptiles, in Biomedical and surgical aspects of captive reptile husbandry, edited by FL. Frye. Malabar, Florida: Krieger Publishing Co.
8. GIESY, J.P. & WIENER, J.G. 1977. Frequency distribution of trace metal concentrations in five freshwater fishes. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 106:393-403.
9. GITELMAN, H.J. 1967. An improved automated procedure for the determination of calcium in biochemical specimens. Annals of Biochemistry, 18:321-531.
10. GORSUCH, T.T. 1970. The destruction of organic matter. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
11. GOSLING, P. 1986. Analytical reviews in clinical biochemistry: calcium measurement. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry, 23:146.
12. GUMMOW, B., BOTHA, C.J., BASSON, A.T. & BASTIANELLO, S.S. 1991. Copper toxicity in ruminants: Air pollution as a possible cause. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 58:33-39.
13. th edition. Philadelphia, London, Toronto: W.B. Saunders.
14. HOUBA, C., REMACLE, J., DUBOIS, D. & THOREZ, J. 1983. Factors affecting the concentrations of cadmium, zinc, copper and lead in the sediments of the Verde River. Water Research, 17:1281-1286.
15. LESLIE, ALIISON J. 1997. Ecology and physiology of the Nile crocodile, Crocodylus niloticus, in Lake St. Lucia, KwaZulu/ Natal, South Africa. Ph.D. Thesis, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA.
16. MARX, H.M. & AVENANT-OLDEWAGE, A. 1998. A further investigation into the bioaccumulation of lead and zinc in the organs and tissues of the African sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus from two localities in the Olifants River, Kruger National Park. Koedoe, 41:1-17
17. MILLAN, J.M., JANMAAT, A., RICHARDSON, K.C., CHAMBERS, L.K. & FOMIATTI, K.R. 1997. Reference ranges for biochemical and haematological values in farmed saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) yearlings. Australian Veterinary Journal, 75:814-817.
18. NAGEL, R. 1991. Fish and environmental chemicals - a critical evaluation of tests, in Fish: Ecotoxicology and Ecophysiology, edited by T. Braunbeck, W. Hancke & H. Segner. Proceedings of an international Symposium, Heidelberg, Germany.
19. ROBINSON, JENNY & AVENANT-OLDEWAGE, A. 1997. Chromium, copper, iron and manganese bioaccumulation in some organs and tissues of Oreochromis mossambicus from the lower Olifants River, inside the Kruger National Park. Water SA, 23:387-403.
20. ROSSIGNOL B., ROSSIGNOL, D. & PETITCLERK, C. 1984. Improvement of creatinine measurement on the RA-1000. Clinical Biochemistry, 17:203-204.
21. SCHOENFELD, R.G. & LEWELLEN, C.J. 1964. A colorimetric method for determination of serum chloride. Clinical Chemistry, 10:533
22. SEYMORE, THARINA, DU PREEZ, H.H. & VAN VUREN, J.H.J. 1995. Manganese, lead and strontium bioaccumulation in the tissues of the yellowfish Barbus marequensis from the lower Olifants River, Eastern Transvaal. Water SA, 21:159-172
23. SINGER, L. & ARMSTRONG, W.D. 1968. Determination of fluoride in bone with the fluoride electrode. Analytical Chemistry, 40:613-614.
24. SKEGGS, L.T. & HOCHSTRASSER, H. 1964. Multiple automatic sequential analysis. Clinical Chemistry, 10:918-936.
25. STEIN, G. 1996. Haematologic and blood chemistry values in reptiles, in Reptile Medicine and Surgery, edited by D.R. Mader. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.
26. TIFFANY, T.O., JANSEN, J.M., BURTIS, C.A., OVERTON, J.B. & SCOTT, C.D. 1972. Enzymatic kinetic rate and endpoint analyses of substrate by use of a GEMSAEC fast analyzer. Clinical Chemistry, 18:829.
27. VAN DER MERWE, MARINDA, VAN VUREN, J.H.J. & DU PREEZ, H.H. 1993. Lethal copper concentration levels for Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) - a preliminary study. Koedoe, 36:77-86.
28. VAN LOON, J.C. 1980, Analytical atomic absorption spectroscopy. Selected methods. New York: Academic Press.
29. VAN VUREN, J.H.J., VAN DER MERWE, M. & DU PREEZ, H.H. 1994. The effect of copper on the blood chemistry of Clarias gariepinus (Clariidae). Ecotoxicological and Environmental Safety, 29:187-199.
30. th working meeting of the crocodile specialist group of the species survival commission of IUCN - The World Conservation Union. Gainesville, Florida.