Genes on the X chromosome are important in undiagnosed mental retardation

American Journal of Medical Genetics

Volumn 92, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 57-61

  Partington, Michael ^a,c   Mowat, David ^a   Einfeld, Stewart ^d   Tonge, Bruce ^b   Turner, Gillian ^a  

^a Hunter Genetics   (Australia)

^b MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c Hunter Health   (Australia)

^d NONE

Author keywords

Community survey; Intellectual disability; Male female ratio; Nonsyndromic X linked mental retardation; X linkage

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CHILD; DISABILITY; DOWN SYNDROME; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL DEFICIENCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEX DIFFERENCE; X CHROMOSOME LINKAGE; X CHROMOSOME LINKED DISORDER;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AUSTRALIA; CHILD; CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS; FEMALE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; LINKAGE (GENETICS); MALE; MENTAL RETARDATION; SEX CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SEX FACTORS; X CHROMOSOME;

EID: 0034194867     PISSN: 01487299     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(20000501)92:1<57::AID-AJMG10>3.0.CO;2-0     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Ades LC, Kerr B, Turner G, Wise G. 1991. Smith-Fineman-Myers syndrome in two brothers. Am J Med Genet 40:467-170.
2. Cans C, Wilhelm L, Baille MF, du Mazaubrun C, Grandjean H, Rumeau-Rouquette C. 1999. Aetiological findings and associated factors in children with severe mental retardation. Dev Med Child Neurol 41:233-239.
3. Cohen MM. 1982. The child with multiple birth defects. New York: Raven Press. p 36-41.
4. Curry CJ, Stevenson RE, Aughton D, Byrne J, Carey JC, Cassidy S, Cunniff C, Graham JM, Jones MC, Kaback MM, Moeschler J, Schaefer GB, Schwartz S, Tarleton J, Opitz J. 1997. Evaluation of mental retardation: recommendations of a consensus conference. Am J Med Genet 72:468-477.
5. Dewey WJ, Barrai I, Morton NE, Mi MP. 1965. Recessive genes in severe mental defect. Am J Hum Genet 17:237-256.
6. Einfeld SL, Tonge BJ. 1996a. Population prevalence of psychopathology in children and adolescents with intellectual disability. 1. Rationale and methods. J Intellect Disabil Res 40:91-98.
7. Einfeld SL, Tonge BJ. 1996b. Population prevalence of psychopathology in children and adolescents with intellectual disability. II. Epidemiological findings. J Intellect Disabil Res 40:99-109.
8. Gedeon A, Kerr B, Mulley J, Turner G. 1994. Pericentromeric genes for non-specific X-linked mental retardation (MRX). Am J Med Genet 51: 553-564.
9. Herbst DS. 1980. Non-specific X-linked mental retardation. I. A review with information from 24 new families. Am J Med Genet 7:443-460.
10. Hou JW, Wang TR, Chuang SM. 1998. An epidemiological and aetiological study of children with intellectual disability in Taiwan. J Intellect Disabil Res 42:137-143.
11. Ireland WW. 1900. The mental affections of children: idiocy, imbecility and insanity. London: JA Churchill.
12. Lehrke R. 1972. A theory of X-linkage of major intellectual traits. Am J Ment Defic 76:611-619.
13. Lehrke R. 1997. Sex linkage of intelligence; the X-factor. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
14. Lubs H, Chiurazzi P, Arena J, Schwartz C, Tranebjaerg L, Neri G. 1999. XLMR genes: update 1998. Am J Med Genet 83:237-247.
15. Matilainen R, Araiksinen E, Mononen T, Launiala K, Kaaraiaien R. 1995. A population-based study on the causes of mild and severe mental retardation. Acta Paediatr 84:261-266.
16. Nance WE, Engel E. 1972. One X and four hypotheses: response to Lehrke's "a theory of X-linkage of major intellectual traits." Am J Ment Defic 76:623-625.
17. Partington MW, Fagan K, Soubjaki V, Turner G. 1997. Translocations involving 4p 16.3 in three families: deletion causing the Pitt-Rogers-Danks syndrome and duplication resulting in a new overgrowth syndrome. J Med Genet 34:719-728.
18. Penrose LS. 1963. The biology of mental defect, 3rd ed. London: Sidgwick and Jackson.
19. Roeleveld N, Zielhuis GA, Gabreels F. 1997. The prevalence of mental retardation: a critical review of recent literature. Dev Med Child Neurol 39:125-132.
20. Turner G, Turner B. 1974. X-linked mental retardation. J Med Genet 11: 109-113.
21. Wellesley D, Hockey A, Stanley F. 1991. The aetiology of intellectual disability in Western Australia: a community based study. Dev Med Child Neurol 33:963-973.