Towards an understanding of equine pleuropneumonia: Factors relevant for control

Australian Veterinary Journal

Volumn 78, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 334-338

  Racklyeft, D J ^a   Raidal, S ^b   Love, D N ^c  

^a Satur Veterinary Clinic   (Australia)

^b MURDOCH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS; MICROBIOTA; MYCOPLASMA;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; HORSE; HORSE DISEASE; PNEUMONIA; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; HORSE DISEASES; HORSES; PLEUROPNEUMONIA;

EID: 0034186381     PISSN: 00050423     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2000.tb11788.x     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Hayes M. Horses on Board Ship, A guide to their Management. Hurst and Blackett, London, 1902.
2. Blenkinsop LJ, Rainey JW, editors. History of the Great War based on Official Documents - Veterinary Services. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1925.
3. Watkins-Pitchford H. An enquiry into the horse disease known as septic or contagious pneumonia. Vet Rec 1917;73:345-362.
4. Smith F. A Veterinary History of the War in South Africa 1899-1902. H and W Brown, London, 1919:260-267.
5. Rainey W. The common respiratory infections of horses. Vet flee 1937;49:616-622.
6. Edwards JT. The etiology of the commoner equine respiratory diseases in relation to recent influenza research. Vet Red 1935;15:1195-1200.
7. Waldmann O, Kobe K. Epizootic cough in horses: equine infectious bronchitis. Vet Rec 1936;16:80-87.
8. Henry M. The transport of horses by sea and land. Aust Vet J 1933;9:208-213.
9. Mahaffey LW. Respiratory conditions in horses. Vet Rec 1962;74:1295-1311.
10. Naglic T, Herceg M, Hajsig D, Bambir S. Bacteria in equine pneumonia. Vet Arch 1982;52:107-113.
11. Raphel CF, Beech J. Pleuritis secondary to pneumonia or lung abscessation in 90 horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1982;181:808-810.
12. Racklyeft DJ. Studies on bacterial infections of the equine lower respiratory tract [PhD thesis]. The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 1990.
13. Sweeney CR, Holcombe SJ, Barningham SC, Beech J. Aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates from horses with pneumonia or pleuropneumonia and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the aerobes. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991;198:839-842.
14. Wood J.LN, Burrell M H, Roberts C.A, Chanter N, Shaw Y. Streptococci and Pasteurella spp. associated with disease of the equine lower respiratory tract. Equine Vet J 1993;25:314-318.
15. Ward, CL, Wood JJN, Houghton SB, Mumford JA, Chanter N. Actinobacillus and Pasteurella species isolated from horses with lower airway disease. Vet Rec 1998;3:277-279.
16. Racklyeft DJ, Love DN. Bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract in 34 horses. Aust Vet J. In press.
17. Biberstein EL, Knight HD, England K. Bacteroides melaninogenicus in diseases of domestic animals. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1968;153:1045-1049.
18. Berkhoff GA, Redenbarger JL. Isolation and identification of anaerobes in the veterinary diagnostic laboratory. Am J Vet Res1977;38:1069-1073.
19. Berkhoff GA. Recovery and identification of anaerobes in veterinary medicine: a two year experience. Vet Microbiol 1978;2:237-252.
20. Love DN, Jones RF, Bailey M. Bacteria isolated from subcutaneous abscesses in cats. Aust Vet Pract 1978;8:87-90.
21. Berg JN, Fales WH, Scanlan CM. Occurrence of anaerobic bacteria in diseases of the dog and cat. Am J Vet Res 1979;40:876-881.
22. Hirsh DC, Biberstein EL, Jang SS. Obligate anaerobes in clinical veterinary practice. J Clin Microbiol 1979;10:188-191.
23. Prescott JF. Identification of some anaerobic bacteria in nonspecific anaerobic infections in animals. Can J Comp Med 1979;43:194-199.
24. Smith BP. Pleuritis and pleural effusion in the horse: a study of 37 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1977;170:208-211.
25. Bernard-Strother S, Mansmann RA. Diagnosis and treatment of anaerobic bacterial pleuropneumonia in six horses. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1985;7:3341-5349.
26. Sweeney CR, Divers TJ, Benson CE. Anaerobic bacteria in 21 horses with pleuropneumonia. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985;187:721-724.
27. Mair TS, Yeo SP. Equine pleuropneumonia: the importance of anaerobic bacteria and the potential value of metronidazole in treatment. Vet Rec 1987;121:109-110.
28. Bailey GD. Studies on oral-associated bacterial infections in horses [PhD thesis]. The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 1989.
29. Mair TS, Lane JG. Pneumonia, lung abscesses and pleuritis in adult horses: a review of 51 cases. Equine Vet J 1989;21:175-180.
30. Bartlett JG, Finegold SM. Anaerobic infections of the lung and pleural space. Am Rev Respir Dis 1974;110:56-77.
31. Love DN, Jones RF, Bailey M, Johnson RS, Gamble N. Isolation and characterisation of bacteria from pyothorax (empyema) in cats. Vet Microbiol 1982;7:455-461.
32. Anon. Role of anaerobes in equine bacterial infections. Equine Vet J 1983;15:86.
33. Bailey DG, Love DN. Oral-associated bacterial infections in horses: studies on the normal anaerobic flora from the pharyngeal tonsillar surface and its association with lower respiratory tract and paraoral infections. Vet Microbiol 1991;26:367-379.
34. Racklyeft DJ, Love DN. Bacteriology of normal lower respiratory tract of horses and its significance for lower respiratory tract disease. Aust Equine Vet 1999;17:66-75.
35. Raphel CF, Beech J. Pleuritis and pleural effusion in the horse. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 1981;27:17-25.
36. Anon. Equine round table discussion:respiration (Part 3). Equine Pract 1989;11:29-39.
37. McAllister ES. Obstructive upper respiratory disease. In:Mansmann RA, McAllister ES, Pratt PW, editors. Equine Medicine and Surgery 3rd edn. American Veterinary Publications, California, 1982:733-770.
38. Austin SM, Foreman JH, Goetz TE. Aspiration pneumonia following near-drowning in a mare: a case report. Equine Vet Sci 1988;8:313-316.
39. Humber KA. Near-drowning of a gelding. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1988;192:377-378.
40. Murray MJ, Ball MM, Parker GA. Megaesophagus and aspiration pneumonia secondary to gastric ulceration in a foal. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1988;192:381-382.
41. Fenno CH. Severe equine pleuritis due to wire penetration. Vet Med Small Anim Clin 1975;70:458-461.
42. Burbidge HM. Penetrating throacic wound in a Hackney mare. Equine Vet J 1982;14:94-95.
43. Brown CM, Collier MA. Tracheobronchial foreign body in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1983;182:280-281.
44. Hultgren BD, Pearson EG, Lassen ED et al. Pleuritis and pneumonia attributed to a conifer twig in a bronchus of a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986;189:797-798.
45. Racklyeft DJ, Love DN. Influence of head posture on the respiratory tract of healthy horses. Aust Vet J 1990;67:402-405.
46. Raidal SL, Love DN, Bailey GD. Inflammation and increased numbers of bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of horses within 6-12 hours of confinement with the head elevated. Aust Vet J 1995;72:45-50.
47. Cohrs P. Nieberle and Cohrs Textbook of the Special Pathological Anatomy of the Domestic Animals. Revised edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1967.
48. Dungworth DL. The Respiratory System. In: Jubb KVF, Kennedy PC, Palmer N, editors. Pathology of Domestic Animals. 3rd edn. Academic Press, Sydney, 1985;413-556.
49. Mansmann RA. Chronic pleuropneumonia. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 1983;29:71-73.
50. Raidal SL, Love DN, Bailey GD. Effect of a single bout of high intensity exercise on lower respiratory tract contamination in the horse. Aust Vet J 1997;75: 293-295.
51. Arthur RM. Subacute and acute pleuritis. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 1983;29:65-69.
52. Sweeney CR, Maxon AD, Soma LR. Endoscopic findings in the upper respiratory tract of 678 Thoroughbred racehorses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991;198:1037-038.
53. Raidal SL, Love DN, Bailey GD. Effects of posture and accumulated airway secretions on tracheal mucociliary transport in the horse. Aust Vet J 1996;73:45-48.
54. Traub-Dargatz JL, McKinnon AO, Bruyninckx WJ et al. Effect of transportation stress on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in female horses. Am J Vet Res 1988;49 1026-1029.
55. Bayly WM, Liggitt HD, Huston LJ, Laegreid WW. Stress and its effect on equine pulmonary mucosal defenses. Proc Am Assoo Equine Pract 1986;32:253-262.
56. Laegreid WW, Huston LJ, Basaraba RJ, Crisman MV. The effects of stress on alveolar macrophage function in the horse: an overview. Equine Pract 1988;10:9-16.
57. Anderson NV, DeBowes RM, Nyrop KA, Dayton AD. Mononuclear phagocytes of transport-stressed horses with viral respiratory tract infection. Am J Vet Res 1985;46:2272-2277.
58. Raidal SL. The role of physical factors in the development of equine pleuropneumonia [PhD thesis]. The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 1996.
59. Crisman MV, Hodgson DR, Bayly WM, Liggitt HD. Effects of transport on constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from horses. Cornell Vet 1992;82:233-246.
60. Raidal SL, Bailey GD, Love DN. The effect of transportation on lower respiratory tract contamination and peripheral blood neutrophil function. Aust Vet J 1997;75:433-438.
61. von Mayr A, Siebert M. Untersuchungen uber die Wirksamkeit des Paramunditatsinducers PIND-ORF auf den durch Transportatstress ausgelosten Kortisolannstieg beim Pferd. Tierarz Umschau 1990;45:677-682.
62. Lindon A, Art T, Amory H, Desmecht D. Lekeux P. Effect of 5 different types of exercise, transportation and ACTH administration on plasma cortisol concentration in sport horses. Equine Exerc Physiol 1991;3:394-396
63. Clark DK, Friend TH, Dellmeier G. The effect of orientation during trailer transport on heart rate, cortisol and balance in horses. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1993;38:179-189.
64. Thornton JR. Hormonal responses to exercise and training. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1985;1:477-496.
65. Huston LJ, Bayly WM, Liggitt HD, Magnuson NS. Alveolar macrophage function in Thoroughbreds after strenuous exercise. In: Gillespie JR, Robinson NE, editors. Proceedings of the Second international conference on Equine Exercise Phyusiology. ICEEP Publications, Davis, 1986:243-252.
66. Raidal SL, Love DN, Bailey GD, Rose RJ. The effect of high intensity exercise on the functional capacity of equine pulmonary alveolar macrophages and BAL-derived lymphocytes. Res Vet Sci. In press.
67. Wong CW, Smith SE, Thong YH, Opdebeeck JP, Thornton JR. The effects of exercise stress on various immune functions in horses. Am J Vet Res 1992;53:1414-1417.
68. Raidal SL, Love DN, Bailey GD, Rose RJ. Effect of exercise and training on equine peripheral blood neutrophil function. Res Vet Sci In press.
69. Adamson EJ, Slocombe RF. Flow cytometric studies of equine phagocytes following strenuous exercise. Equine Vet J Suppl. 1995;18:37-42.
70. Naylor JM, Kenyon SJ. Effect of total calorific deprivation on host defence in the horse. Res Vet Sci 1981;31:369-372.
71. Byars TD, Becht JL. Pleuropneumonia. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 1991;7:63-67.
72. Seltzer KL, Byars TD. Prognosis for return to racing after recovery from infectious pleuropneumonia in Thoroughbred racehorses: 70 cases (1984-1989). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:1300-1310.
73. Mansmann RA. The stages of equine pleuropneumonia. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 1983;29:61-63.
74. Reimer JM, Reef VB, Spencer PA. Ultrasonography as a diagnostic aid in horses with anaerobic bacterial pleuropneumonia and/or pulmonary abscessation: 27 cases (1984-1986). J Am Vet Med Assoc 1989;194:278-282.
75. Raidal SL, Bailey GD, Love DN. Antibiotic prophylaxis of lower respiratory tract contamination in horses confined with head elevation for 24 or 48 hours. Aust Vet J 1997;75:126-131.