Lysine metabolism by the mammary gland of lactating goats at two stages of lactation

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 83, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 996-1003

  Mabjeesh, S J ^a,b   Kyle, C E ^a   Macrae, J C ^a   Bequette, B J ^a  

^a ROWETT RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

^b HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

Author keywords

Amino acid metabolism; Goats; Mammary gland; Oxidation

Indexed keywords

LYSINE; PROTEIN;

ANIMAL; ARTERY; ARTICLE; FEMALE; GOAT; KINETICS; LACTATION; METABOLISM; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; PHYSIOLOGY; UDDER; VASCULARIZATION; VEIN;

ANIMALS; ARTERIES; FEMALE; GOATS; KINETICS; LACTATION; LYSINE; MAMMARY GLANDS, ANIMAL; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; PROTEINS; VEINS;

EID: 0034184894     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(00)74964-2     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Agricultural and Food Research Council. 1993. Energy and Protein Requirements of Ruminants. An Advisory Manual Prepared by the AFRC Technical Committee of Responses to Nutrients. CAB Int., Wallingford, United Kingdom.
2. Agricultural and Food Research Council. 1992. Agricultural and Food Research Council technical committee on responses to nutrients. Rep. 9. Nutritive requirements of ruminant animals: protein Nutr. Abstr. Rev. Ser. B: Livest. Feeding 62:787-835.
3. Backwell, F.R.C., B. J. Bequette, D. Wilson, J. A. Metcalf, M. F. Franklin, D. E. Beever, G. E. Lobley, and J. C. MacRae. 1996. Evidence for the utilisation of peptides for milk protein synthesis in the lactating dairy goat in vivo. Am. J. Physiol. 271:R955-R960.
4. Backwell, F.R.C., B. J. Bequette, D. Wilson, A. G. Calder, J. A. Metcalf, D. Wray-Cahen, J. C. MacRae, D. E. Beever, and G. E. Lobley. 1994. Utilisation of dipeptides by the caprine mammary gland for milk protein synthesis. Am. J. Physiol. 267:R1-R6.
5. Baracos, V. E., J. Brun-Bellut, and M. Marie-M. 1991. Tissue protein synthesis in lactating and dry goats. Br. J. Nutr. 66:451-465.
6. Bequette, B. J., F.C.R. Backwell, C. E. Kyle, A. G. Calder, V. Buchan, L. A. Crompton, L. A. France, and J. C. MacRae. 1999. Vascular sources of phenylalanine, tyrosine, lysine, and methionine for casein synthesis in lactating goats. J. Dairy Sci. 82:362-377.
7. Bequette, B. J., and F.R.C. Backwell. 1997. Amino acid supply and metabolism by the ruminant mammary gland. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 56:593-605.
8. Bequette, B. J., F.R.C. Backwell, J. C. MacRae, G. E. Lobley, L. A. Crompton, J. A. Metcalf, and J. D. Button. 1996. Effect of intravenous amino acid infusion on leucine oxidation across the mammary gland of the lactating goat. J. Dairy Sci. 79:2217-2224.
9. Bequette, B. J., F.R.C. Backwell, M. S. Dhanoa, A. Walker, A. G. Calder, D. Wray-Cahen, J. A. Metcalf, J. D. Sutton, D. E. Beever, G. E. Lobley, and J. C. MacRae. 1994. Kinetics of blood free and milk casein-amino acid labelling in the dairy goat at two stages of lactation. Br. J. Nutr. 72:211-220.
10. Calder, A. G., and A. Smith. 1988. Stable isotope ratio analysis of leucine and ketoisocaproic acid in blood plasma by gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry. Use of tertiary butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. Rapid Com. Mass Spectrom. 2:14-16.
11. Cant, J. P., and B. W. McBride. 1995. Mathematical analysis of the relationship between blood flow and uptake of nutrients in the mammary glands of a lactating cow. J. Dairy Res. 62:405-422.
12. Champredon, C., E. Debras, P. P. Mirand, and M. Arnal. 1990. Methionine flux and tissue protein synthesis in lactating and dry goats. J. Nutr. 120:1006-1015.
13. Clark, J. H. 1975. Lactational responses to postruminal administration of proteins and amino acids. J. Dairy Sci. 58:1178-1197.
14. Cornell Net Protein and Carbohydrate System (CNCPS): A Manual for Using the Cornell Net Protein and Carbohydrate System for Evaluating Cattle Diets. 1994. Revised for CNCPS release 3. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.
15. El-Khoury, A. E., A. Basile, L. Beaumier, S. Y. Wang, H. A. AlAmiri, A. Selvaraj, S. Wong, A. Atkinson, A. M. Ajami, and V. R. Young. 1998. Twenty-four-hour intravenous and oral tracer studies with L-[1-13C]-2-aminoadipic acid and L-[1-13C]lysine as tracers at generous nitrogen and lysine intakes in healthy adults. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 67:827-839.
16. France, J., B. J. Bequette, G. E. Lobley, J. A. Metcalf, D. Wray-Cahen, M. S. Dhanoa, F.R.C. Backwell, M. D. Hanigan, J. C. MacRae, and D. E. Beever. 1995. An isotope dilution model for partitioning leucine uptake by the bovine mammary gland. J. Theor. Biol. 172:369-377.
17. Granger, H. J., and A. P. Shepherd, Jr.. 1973. Intrinsic microvascular control of tissue oxygen delivery. Microvascular Res. 5:49-72.
18. Guinard, J., and H. Rulquin. 1995. Effect of graded amounts of duodenal infusions of methionine on the mammary uptake of major milk precursors in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 78:2196-2207.
19. Guinard, J., and H. Rulquin. 1994. Effects of graded amounts of duodenal infusions of lysine on the mammary uptake of major milk precursors in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 77:3565-3576.
20. Guinard, J., and H. Rulquin. 1994. Effects of graded levels of duodenal infusions of casein on the mammary uptake lactating cows. 2. Individual amino acids. J. Dairy Sci. 77:3304-3315.
21. Hanigan, M. D., and R. L. Baldwin. 1994. A mechanistic model of mammary gland metabolism in the lactating cow. Agric. Syst. 45:369-419.
22. Heinrikson, R. L., and S. C. Meredith. 1984. Amino acid analysis by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography: pre-column derivatization with phenylisothiocyanate. Anal. Biochem. 136:65-74.
23. King, K. J., W. G. Bergen, C. J. Sniffen, A. L. Grant, D. B. Grieve, V. L. King, and N. K. Ames. 1991. An assessment of absorbable lysine requirements in lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci. 74:2530-2539.
24. Mabjeesh, S. J., C. E. Kyle, J. C. MacRae, and B. J. Bequette. 1998. Responses in mammary gland metabolism of lysine in lactating goats infused with lysine and methionine. J. Dairy Sci. 81:Suppl. 1:209. (Abstr.)
25. MacRae, J. C., and Beever, D. E. 1997. Predicting amino acid supply and utilisation in the lactating ruminant. Proc. Soc. Nutr. Physiol. 6:15-30.
26. McKenzie, H. A. 1971. Whole casein: isolation, properties and zone electrophoresis. Pages 87-116 in Milk Proteins, Chemistry and Molecular Biology. H. A. McKenzie, ed. Academic Press, New York, NY.
27. National Research Council. 1989. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
28. Nichols, J. R., D. J. Schingoethe, H. A. Maiga, M. J. Brouk, and M. S. Piepenbrink. 1998. Evaluation of corn distillers grains and ruminally protected lysine and methionine for lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:482-491.
29. Oddy, V. H., D. B. Lindsay, and I. R. Fleet. 1988. Protein synthesis and degradation in the mammary gland of lactating goats. J. Dairy Res. 55:143-154.
30. Overton, T. R., L. S. Emmert, and J. H. Clark. 1998. Effects of source of carbohydrate and protein and rumen-protected methionine on performance of cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:221-228.
31. Read, W. W., M. A. Read, M. J. Rennie, R. C. Griggs, and D. Halliday. 1984. Preparation of CO2 from blood and protein-bound amino acid carboxyl groups for quantification and 13C-isotope measurements. Biomed. Mass Spectrom. 11:348-352.
32. Robinson, P. H., W. Chalupa, C. J. Sniffen, W. E. Julien, H. Sato, K. Watanabe, T. Fukieda, and H. Susuki. 1998. Ruminally protected lysine or lysine and methionine for lactating dairy cows fed ration designed to meet requirements for microbial and postruminal protein. J. Dairy Sci. 81:1364-1373.
33. Rulquin, H., P. M. Pisulewski, R. Verite, and J. Guinard. 1993. Milk production and composition as a function of postruminal lysine approach. Livest. Prod. Sci. 37:69-90.
34. Rulquin, H. 1987. The determination of certain limiting amino acids in the dairy cow by post-ruminal administration. Reprod. Nutr. Develop. 27:299-300.
35. Schwab, C. G., C. K. Bozak, and N. L. Whitehouse. 1992. Amino acid and flow to duodenum at four stages of lactation. 1. Sequence of lysine and methionine limitation. J. Dairy Sci. 75:3486-3502.
36. Schwab, C. G., C. K. Bozak, N. L. Whitehouse, and V. M. Oslon. 1992. Amino acid and flow to duodenum at four stages of lactation. 2. Extent of lysine and methionine limitation. J. Dairy Sci. 75:3503-3518.
37. Schwab, C. G., L. D. Satter, and B. Clay. 1976. Response to lactating dairy cows to abomasal infusion of amino acids. J. Dairy Sci. 59:1254-1270.
38. Smith, H. W., M. N. Finkelstein, L. Aliminosa, B. Crawford, and M. Grager. 1945. The renal clearances of substituted hippuric acid derivatives and other aromatic acids in dog and man. J. Clin. Invest. 24:388-403.
39. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute. 1985. SAS User's Guide: Statistics. Statistical Analysis Systems Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
40. Whitney, R. Mcl., J. R. Brunner, K. E. Ebner, Jr., R. V. Josephson, C. V. Morr, and H. E. Swaisgood. 1976. Nomenclature of the proteins of cow's milk: fourth revision. J. Dairy Sci. 59:795-815.