Definitions of a gang and impacts on public policy

Journal of Criminal Justice

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 139-149

  Petersen, Rebecca D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034148118     PISSN: 00472352     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0047-2352(99)00036-7     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (1987). Membership Roles in Field Research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
2. Ball, R. A., & Curry, G. D. (1995). The logic and definition of criminology: Purposes and methods for defining "gangs." Crim 33, 225-245.
3. Bjerregaard, B., & Smith, C. (1993). Gender differences in gang participation, delinquency, and substance use. J Quant Crim 4, 329-355.
4. Campbell, A. (1984). Girls in the Gang. New York: Basil Blackwell.
5. Conley, C. H. (1993). Street Gangs: Current Knowledge and Strategies. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.
6. Covey, H. C., Menard, S., & Franzese, R. J. (1992). Juvenile Gangs. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publishers.
7. Cullen, F. T., Wright, J. P., Brown, S., Moon, M. M., Blakenship, M. B., & Applegate, B. K. (1998). Public support for early intervention programs: Implications for a progressive policy agenda. Crime & Del 44, 187-204.
8. Curry, G. D., & Spergel, I. A. (1988). Gang homicide, delinquency, and community. Crim 26, 381-405.
9. Decker, S., & Kempf-Leonard, K. (1995). Constructing gangs: The social definition of youth activities. In M. W. Klein, C. W. Maxson & J. Miller (Eds.), Modern Gang Reader (pp. 14-23). Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury Publishing.
10. Decker, S. H., & Van Winkle, B. (1996). Life in the Gang: Family, Friends and Violence. New York: Cambridge University Press.
11. Dryzek, J. S. (1990). Discursive Democracy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
12. Esbensen, F., & Deschenes, E. P. (1998). A mulitsite examination of youth gang membership: Does gender matter? Crim 36, 799-828.
13. Esbensen, F., & Huizinga, D. (1993). Gangs, drugs, and delinquency in a survey of urban youth. Crim 31, 565-589.
14. Esbensen, F., & Osgood, D. W. (1999). Gang resistance education and training (GREAT): Results from a national evaluation. J Res in Crime & Del 36, 194-225.
15. Esbensen, F., & Winfree, L. T. (1998). Race and gender differences between gang and nongang youth: Results from a multisite survey. Just Quar 15, 505-526.
16. Fagan, J. (1989). The social organization of drug use and drug dealing among urban gangs. Crim 27, 633-669.
17. Fagan, J. (1990). Social processes of delinquency and drug use among urban gangs. In C. R. Huff (Ed.), Gangs in America (pp. 183-219). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
18. Fleisher, M. S. (1995). Beggars and Thieves: Lives of Urban Street Criminals. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
19. Geismar, L. L., & Wood, K. M. (1986). Family and Delinquency: Resocializing the Young Offender. New York: Human Sciences Press.
20. Hagedorn, J. M. (1988). People and Folks: Gangs, Crime, and the Underclass in a Rustbelt City. Chicago, IL: Lakeview Press.
21. Horowitz, R. (1990). Sociological Perspectives on Gangs: Conflicting Definitions and Concepts. In C. R. Huff (Ed.), Gangs in America (pp. 37-54). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
22. Ingram, H., & Schneider, A. (1993). Constructing citizenship: The subtle messages of policy design. In H. Ingram & S. R. Smith (Eds.), Public Policy for Democracy (pp. 68-94). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
23. Johnstone, J. W. (1983). Recruitment into a youth gang. Pac Soc Rev 24, 355-375.
24. Klein, M. C. (1995). The American Street Gang: Its Nature, Prevalence, and Control. New York: Oxford University Press.
25. Klein, M. C., & Maxson, C. M. (1989). Street gang violence. In N. A. Weiner & M. E. Wolfgang (Eds.), Violent Crime, Violent Criminals (pp. 136-159). Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
26. Kornhauser, R. R. (1978). Social Sources of Delinquency. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
27. Lindbloom, C. E., & Woodhouse, E. J. (1993). The Policy-making Process. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
28. Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1986). Family factors as correlates and predictors of juvenile conduct problems and delinquency. In M. Tonry and N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research (pp. 29-49). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
29. Miller, J. (1998). Gender and victimization risk among young women in gangs. J Res in Crime & Del 35, 429-153.
30. Miller, W. B. (1980). Gangs, groups, and serious youth crime. In D. Shichor & D. Kelly (Eds.), Critical Issues in Juvenile Delinquency (pp. 115-138). Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
31. Moore, J. W. (1978). Homeboys: Gangs, Drug, and Prison in the Barrios of Los Angeles. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
32. Moore, J. W. (1991). Going Down to the Barrio: Homeboys and Homegirls in Change. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
33. Morash, M. (1983). Gangs, groups, and delinquency. Br J Crim 23, 309-331.
34. Ohlin, L. E. (1998). The future of juvenile justice policy and research. Crime & Del 44, 143-153.
35. Palumbo, D. J., & Ferguson, J. L. (1995). Evaluating gang resistance education and training (GREAT): Is the impact the same as that of drug abuse resistance education (DARE)? Eval Rev 19, 591-619.
36. Petersen, R. D. (1995). Expert policy in juvenile justice: Patterns of claimsmaking and issues of power in a program construction. Policy Stud J 23, 636-651.
37. Petersen, R. D., & Palumbo, D. J. (1997). The social construction of intermediate punishments. Prison J 77, 77-91.
38. Sanders, W. (1993). Drive-bys and Gang Bangs: Gangs and Grounded Culture. Chicago, IL: Aldine de Gruyter.
39. Shelden, R. G., Snodgrass, T., & Snodgrass, P. (1993). Comparing gang and nongang offenders: Some tentative findings. Gang J 1, 73-85.
40. Shelden, R. G., Tracy, S. K., & Brown, W. B. (1997). Youth Gangs in American Society. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company.
41. Snyder, J., & Patterson, G. (1987). Family intervention and delinquent behavior. In H. C. Quay (Ed.), Handbook of Juvenile Delinquency (pp. 216-243). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
42. Spergel, I. (1989). Youth Gangs: Problems and Responses. A Review of the Literature. (Tech. Rep. 1, National Youth Gang Suppression and Intervention Project). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration.
43. Spergel, I. A. (1984). Violent gangs in Chicago: In search of social policy. Soc Ser Rev 58, 199-226.
44. Spergel, I. A., & Chance, R. L. (1991). National youth gang suppression and intervention program. NIJ Rep 224, 21-24.
45. Stone, D. A. (1993). Clinical authority in the construction of citizenship. In H. Ingram & S. R. Smith (Eds.), Public Policy for Democracy (pp. 45-67). Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
46. Thornberry, T., Krohn, M. D., Lizotte, A. J., & Chard-Wierschem, D. (1993). The role of juvenile gangs in facilitating delinquent behavior. J Res in Crime & Del 30, 75-85.
47. Tonry, M. (1990). Race, Crime, and Punishment in America. New York: Oxford University Press.
48. Vigil, J. D. (1983). Chicano gangs: One response to Mexican urban adaptation in the Los Angeles area. Urban Anth 12, 45-75.
49. Winfree, L. T., Fuller, K., Vigil, T., & Mays, G. L. (1992). The definition and measurement of "gang status": Policy implications for juvenile justice. Juv & Fam Ct J 43, 29-37.
50. Winfree, L. T., Fuller, K., Vigil, T., & Mays, G. L. (1997). The logical definition in criminology: Purposes and methods for defining "gangs." In G. L. Mays (Ed.), Gangs and Gang Behavior (pp. 3-21). Chicago, IL: Nelson Hall Publishing.