Porcelain veneers: A review of the literature

Journal of Dentistry

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 163-177

  Peumans, M ^a   Van Meerbeek, B ^a   Lambrechts, P ^a   Vanherle, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Adhesion; Clinical effectiveness; Laboratory performance; Literature review; Porcelain veneers

Indexed keywords

RESIN;

CEMENTATION; DENTAL CARE; DENTURE; DRUG EFFECT; ENDODONTICS; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; PERIODONTIUM; REVIEW; TOOTH DISEASE; TOOTH PROSTHESIS;

CEMENTATION; COMPOSITE RESINS; DENTAL LEAKAGE; DENTAL PORCELAIN; DENTAL VENEERS; ESTHETICS, DENTAL; HUMANS; MARGINAL ADAPTATION (DENTISTRY); PERIODONTIUM;

EID: 0034145201     PISSN: 03005712     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0300-5712(99)00066-4     Document Type: Article

References (144)

1. Nakabayashi N, Kojima K, Masuhara E. The promotion of adhesion by infiltration of monomers into tooth substrates. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 1982;16:265-73.
2. Van Meerbeek B, Vanherle G, Lambrechts P, et al. Dentin- and enamel-bonding agents. Current Opinion in Dentistry 1992;2:117-27.
3. Pashley DH, Ciucchi B, Sano H, et al. Permeability of dentin to adhesive agents. Quintessence International 1993;24:618-31.
4. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, et al. The five-year clinical performance of direct composite additions to correct tooth form and position. Part I: aesthetic qualities. Clinical Oral Investigations 1997;1:12-18.
5. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, et al. The five-year clinical performance of direct composite additions to correct tooth form and position. Part II: marginal qualities. Clinical Oral Investigations 1997;1:19-26.
6. Pincus CR. Building mouth personality. Journal of South California Dental Association 1938;14:125-9.
7. Simonsen RJ, Calamia JR. Tensile bond strength of etched porcelain. Journal of Dental Research 1983;62:297 Abstract 1154.
8. Horn RH. Porcelain laminate veneers bonded to etched enamel. Dental Clinics of North America 1983;27:671-84.
9. Calamia JR, Simonsen RJ. Effect of coupling agents on bond strength of etched porcelain. Journal of Dental Research 1984;63:179 Abstract 79.
10. Calamia JR. Etched porcelain veneers: the current state of the art. Quintessence International 1985;1:5-12.
11. Plant CG, Thomas GD. Porcelain facings: a simple clinical and laboratory method. British Dental Journal 1987;163:231-4.
12. McLaughlin G, Morrison JE. Porcelain fused to tooth: the state of the art. Restorative Dentistry 1988;4:90-4
13. Reid JS, Murray MC, Power SM. Porcelain veneers - a four year follow-up. Restorative Dentistry 1988;5:42-55.
14. Garber DA, Goldstein RE, Feinman RA. Porcelain laminate veneers, Lombourg: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1987.
15. McComb D. Porcelain veneer technique: a promising new method for restoring strength and esthetics to damaged or discolored teeth. Ontario Dentist 1988;65:25-32.
16. Weinberg LA. Tooth preparation for porcelain laminates. New York State Dental Journal 1989;5:25-8.
17. Nixon RL. Porcelain veneers: an esthetic therapeutic alternative. In: Rufenacht CR, editor. Fundamentals of esthetics, Lombourg: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1990, p. 329-68.
18. Garber DA. Porcelain laminate veneers: to prepare or not to prepare?. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry 1991;XII:178-82.
19. Friedman MJ. Augmenting restorative dentistry with porcelain veneers. Journal of the American Dental Association 1991;122:29-34.
20. Schneider PM, Messer LB, Douglas WH. The effect of enamel surface reduction in vitro on the bonding of composite resin to permanent human enamel. Journal of Dental Research 1981;60:895-900.
21. Black JB. Esthetic restoration of tetracycline-stained teeth. Journal of the American Dental Association 1982;104:846-51.
22. Stacey GD. A shear stress analysis of the bonding of porcelain veneers to enamel. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1993;70:395-402.
23. Troedson M, Dérand T. Shear stresses in the adhesive layer under porcelain veneers. A finite element method study. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 1998;56:257-62.
24. Van Meerbeek B, Peumans M, Gladys S, et al. Three-year clinical effectiveness of four total-etch dentinal adhesive systems in cervical lesions. Quintessence International 1996;27:775-84.
25. Van Meerbeek B, Perdigao J, Lambrechts P, et al. The clinical performance of adhesives. Journal of Dentistry 1998;26:1-20.
26. Christensen GJ. Have porcelain veneers arrived? Journal of the American Dental Association 1991;122:81.
27. Ferrari M, Patroni S, Balleri P. Measurement of enamel thickness in relation to reduction for etched laminate veneers. The International Journal of Periodontics and Restorative Dentistry 1992;23:407-13.
28. Nattress BR, Youngson CC, Patterson JW, et al. An in vitro assessment of tooth preparation for porcelain veneer restorations. Journal of Dentistry 1995;23:165-70.
29. Olgart L, Brännstrom M, Johnson G. Invasion of bacteria into dentinal tubules; experiments in vivo and in vitro. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 1974;32:61-70.
30. Brännstrom M. Etiology of dentin hypersensitivity. Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society 1992;88(Suppl. 1):7-13.
31. Ellege DA, Schorr BI. A provisional restoration technique for laminate veneer preparation. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1989;62:139-42.
32. Rada RE, Jankowski BJ. Provisional laminate veneer provisionalization using visible light-curing acrylic resin. Quintessence International 1991;22:291-3.
33. Nikaido T, Burrow MF, Tagami J, et al. Effect of pulpal pressure on adhesion of resin composite to dentin: bovine serum versus saline. Quintessence International 1995;26:221-6.
34. Cagidiaco MC, Ferrari M, Garberoglio R, et al. Dentin contamination protection after mechanical preparation for veneering. American Journal of Dentistry 1996;9:57-60.
35. Cobb DS, Reinhardt JW, Vargas MA. Effect of HEMA-containing dentin desensitizers on shear bond strength of a resin cement. American Journal of Dentistry 1997;10:62-5.
36. Paul SJ, Schärer P. The dual bonding technique: a modified method to improve adhesive luting procedures. International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry 1997;17:537-45.
37. Kelsey WP, Latta AM, Blankenau RJ. Effect of provisional restorations on dentin bond strength of resin cements. American Journal of Dentistry 1998;11:67-70.
38. Highton R, Caputo AA, Matyas J. A photoelastic study of stresses on porcelain laminate preparations. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1987;58:157-61.
39. Hui KKK, Williams B, Davis EH, et al. A comparative assessment on the strengths of porcelain veneers for incisor teeth dependent on their design characteristics. British Dental Journal 1991;171:51-5.
40. Gilde H, Lenz P, Furst U. Untersuchungen zur belastbarkeit von Keramikfacetten. Deutsche Zahnärtzliche Zeitschrift 1989;44:869-71.
41. Meijering AC, Creughers NHJ, Roeters FJM, et al. Survival of three types of veneer restorations in a clinical trial: a 2.5-year interim evaluation. Journal of Dentistry 1998;26:563-8.
42. Clyde JS, Gilmoure A. Porcelain veneers: a preliminary review. British Dental Journal 1988;164:9-14.
43. Wildgoose DG, Winstanley RB, van Noort R. The laboratory construction and teaching of ceramic veneers: a survey. Journal of Dentistry 1997;25:119-23.
44. Stangel I, Nathanson D, Hsu CS. Shear strength of the composite bond to etched porcelain. Journal of Dental Research 1987;66: 1460-5.
45. Lacy AM, Laluz J, Watanabe LG, et al. Effect of porcelain surface treatment on the bond to composite. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1988;60:288-91.
46. Nicholls JI. Tensile bond of resin cements to porcelain veneers. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1988;60:443-7.
47. Lu R, Harcourt JK, Tyas MJ, et al. An investigation of the composite resin/porcelain interface. Australian Dental Journal 1992;37:12-19.
48. Schäffer H, Dumfahrt H, Gausch K. Öberflächenstruktur und substanzverlust beim ätzen keramischer materialien. Schweizerische Monatsschrift Zahnmedicin 1989;90:530-43.
49. Yen TW, Blackmann RB, Baez RJ. Effect of acid etching on the flexural strength of a feldspathic porcelain and a castable glass ceramic. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1993;70:224-33.
50. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Yoshida Y, et al. Porcelain veneers bonded to tooth structure: an ultra-morphological FE-SEM examination of the adhesive interface. Dental Materials 1999.
51. Calamia JR, Vaidyanathan J, Vaidyanathan TK, et al. Shear bond strength of etched porcelains. Journal of Dental Research 1985;64:828 Abstract 1096.
52. Roulet JF, Söderholm KJM, Longmate J. Effects of treatment and storage conditions on ceramic/composite bond strength. Journal of Dental Research 1995;74:381-7.
53. Hussain MA, Bradford EW, Charlton G. Effect of etching on the strength of aluminious porcelain jacket crowns. British Dental Journal 1979;147:89-90.
54. Jones DW. The strength and strengthening mechanisms of dental ceramics. In: McLean JW, editor. Dental ceramics, Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Ceramics, Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1983. p. 83-136.
55. Albers HF. Bonded tooth colored restoratives: indirect bonded restorations, Santa Rosa: Alto Books, 1989. p. 1-42 Supplement.
56. Jones GE, Boksman L, McConnell RL. Effect of etching technique on the clinical performance of porcelain veneers. Quintessence of Dental Technology 1986;10:635-7.
57. Aida M, Hayakawa T, Mizukawa K. Adhesion of composite to porcelain with various surface conditions. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1995;73:464-70.
58. Suh BI. All Bond - Fourth generation dentin bonding system. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry 1991;3:139-46.
59. Müller G. Ätzen und silaniseren dentaler keramiken. Deutsche Zahnärtzliche Zeitschrift 1988;43:438-41.
60. Williamson RT, Mitchell RJ, Breeding LC. The effect of fatigue on the shear bond strength of resin bonded porcelain. Journal of Prosthodontics 1993;2:115-9.
61. Swift B, Walls AWG, McCabe JF. Porcelain veneers: the effect of contaminants and cleaning regimens on the bond strength of porcelain to composite. British Dental Journal 1995;179:203-8.
62. Holtan JR, Lua MJ, Belvedere P, et al. Evaluating the effect of glove coating on the shear bond strength of porcelain laminate veneers. Journal of the American Dental Association 1995;126:611-6.
63. Sheth J, Jensen M, Tolliver D. Effect of surface treatment on etched porcelain bond strength to enamel. Dental Materials 1988;4:328-37.
64. Tjan AHL, Dunn JR, Grant BE. Effect of fitting paste on bond strength of composite/porcelain. Journal of Dental Research 1989;68:270 Abstract 714.
65. Della Bona A, Northeast SE. Shear bond strength of resin bonded ceramic after different try-in procedures. Journal of Dentistry 1994;22:103-7.
66. Aboush YE. Removing saliva contamination from porcelain veneers before bonding. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1998;80:649-53.
67. Brodbelt RHW, O'Brien WJ, Fan PL. Translucency of dental porcelains. Journal of Dentistry 1980;59:70-75.
68. Nathanson D, Hassan F. Effect of etched porcelain thickness on resin-porcelain bond strength. Journal of Dental Research 1987;66:245 Special Issue, Abstract 1107.
69. Strang R, McCrosson J, Muirhead GM, et al. The setting of visible light-cured resins beneath etched porcelain veneers. British Dental Journal 1987;163:149-51.
70. Chan KC, Boyer DB. Curing light-activated composite cement through porcelain. Journal of Dental Research 1989;68:476-80.
71. Blackman R, Barghi N, Duke E. Influence of ceramic thickness on the polymerization of light-cured resin cement. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1990;63:295-300.
72. Linden JJ, Swift EJ, Boyer DB, et al. Photo-activation of resin cements through porcelain veneers. Journal of Dental Research 1991;70:154-7.
73. O'Keefe KL, Pease PL, Herrin HK. Variables affecting the spectral transmittance of porcelain through porcelain veneer samples. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1991;66:434-8.
74. Cardash HS, Baharav H, Pilo R, et al. The effect of porcelain color on the hardness of luting composite resin cement. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1993;69:620-3.
75. Lutz F, Phillips RW. A classification and evaluation of composite resin systems. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1983;50:480-8.
76. Inokoshi S, Willems G, Van Meerbeek B, et al. Dual-cure luting composites. Part I: filler particle distribution. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 1993;20:133-46.
77. Van Meerbeek B, Inokoshi S, Davidson CL, et al. Dual cure luting composites - Part II: Clinically related properties. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 1994;21:57-66.
78. Andreasen FM, Flügge E, Daugaard-Jensen J, et al. Treatment of crown fractured incisors with laminate veneer restorations: an experimental study. Endodontics and Dental Traumatology 1992;8:30-5.
79. Stokes AN, Hood JAA. Impact fracture characteristics of intact crown human central incisors. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 1993;20:89-95.
80. Magne P, Douglas WH. Porcelain veneers: dentin bonding optimization and biomimetic recovery of the crown. The International Journal of Prosthodontics 1999;12:111-21.
81. Magne P, Kwon KR, Belser UC, et al. Crack propensity of porcelain laminate veneers: a simulated operatory evaluation. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1999;81:327-34.
82. Magne P, Versluis A, Douglas WH. Effect of luting composite shrinkage and thermal loads on the stress distribution in porcelain laminate veneers. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1999;81:335-44.
83. Strassler HE, Nathanson D. Clinical evaluation of etched porcelain veneers over a period of 18 to 42 months. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry 1989;1:21-8.
84. Rucker ML, Richter W, MacEntee M, et al. Porcelain and resin veneers clinically evaluated: 2-year results. Journal of the American Dental Association 1990;121:594-6.
85. Nordbq H, Rygh-Thoresen N, Henaug T. Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers without incisal overlapping: 3-year results. Journal of Dentistry 1994;22:342-5.
86. Jäger K, Stern M, Wirz J. Laminates-reif fur die Präxis? Quintessenz 1995;46:1221-30.
87. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, et al. Five-year clinical performance of porcelain veneers. Quintessence International 1998;29:211-21.
88. Kihn PW, Barnes DM. The clinical evaluation of porcelain veneers: a 48-month clinical evaluation. Journal of the American Dental Association 1998;129:747-52.
89. Calamia JR. Clinical evaluation of etched porcelain veneers. American Journal of Dentistry 1989;2:9-15.
90. Jordan RE, Suzuki M, Senda A. Clinical evaluation of porcelain laminate veneers: a four-year recall report. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry 1989;1:126-37.
91. Christensen GJ, Christensen RP. Clinical observations of porcelain veneers: a three year report. Journal of Esthetic Dentistry 1991;3:174-9.
92. Strassler HE, Weiner S. Seven to ten year clinical evaluation of etched porcelain veneers. Journal of Dental Research 1995;74:176 Abstract 1316.
93. Walls AWG. The use of adhesively retained all-porcelain veneers during the management of fractured and worn anterior teeth. Part II: clinical results after 5-years follow-up. British Dental Journal 1995;178:337-9.
94. Dunne SM, Millar J. A longitudinal study of the clinical performance of porcelain veneers. British Dental Journal 1993;175:317-21.
95. Shaini FJ, Shortall ACC, Marquis PM. Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers. A retrospective evaluation over a period of 6.5 years. Journal Oral Rehabilitation 1997;24:553-9.
96. Bausch JR, De Lange K, Davidson CL, et al. Clinical significance of polymerization shrinkage of composite resins. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1982;48:59-67.
97. Shinkai K, Suzuki S, Leinfelder KL, et al. Effect of gap dimension on wear resistance of luting agents. American Journal of Dentistry 1995;8:149-51.
98. Mc Kinney JE, Wu W. Chemical softening and wear of dental composites. Journal of Dental Research 1985;64:1326-31.
99. Roulet JF, Walti C. Influence of oral fluids on composite resin and glass-ionomer cement. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1984;52:182-9.
100. Vrijhoef MMA, Hendriks FHJ, Letzel H. Loss of substance of dental composite restorations. Dental Materials 1985;1:101-5.
101. Sorensen JA, Strutz JM, Avera SP, et al. Marginal fidelity and microleakage of porcelain veneers made by two techniques. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1992;67:16-22.
102. Sim C, Ibbetson RJ. Comparison of fit of porcelain veneers fabricated using different techniques. International Journal of Prosthodontics 1993;6:36-42.
103. Wall JG, Reisbick MH, Espelata KG. Cement luting thickness beneath porcelain veneers made on platinum foil. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1992;68:448-50.
104. Lim CC, Ironside JG. Grit blasting and the marginal accuracy of two ceramic veneer systems - a pilot study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1997;77:359-64.
105. McIntyre MF, Bochiechio RA, Johnson R. Marginal gap width with a new refractory porcelain system. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1993;69:564-7.
106. Harasani MH, Isidor F, Kaaber S. Marginal fit of porcelain and indirect composite laminate veneers under in vitro conditions. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research 1991;99:262-8.
107. Coyne B, Wilson NHF. The marginal adaptation of porcelain laminate veneers. Journal of Dental Research 1987;66:885 Abstract 452.
108. Hannig M, Jepsen S, Jasper V, et al. Der Randschluß glaskeramischer Veneers mit zervikaler Schmelz-oder Dentinebegrenzung. Deutsche Zahnärtzliche Zeitschrift 1995;50:227-9.
109. Tay WM, Lynch E, Auger D. Effects of some finishing techniques on cervical margins of porcelain laminates. Quintessence International 1987;18:599-602.
110. Goldstein GR, Barnhard BR, Penugonda B, Profilometer SEM. Profilometer, SEM, and visual assessment of porcelain polishing methods. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1991;65:627-34.
111. Patterson CJW, McLundie AC, Stirrups DR, et al. Efficacy of porcelain refinishing systems in restoring surface finish after grinding with fine and extra-fine diamond burs. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1992;68:402-6.
112. Ward MT, Täte WH, Powers JM. Surface roughness of opalescent porcelains after polishing. Operative Dentistry 1995;20:106-10.
113. Haywood VB, Heymann HO, Kusy RP, et al. Polishing porcelain veneers: an SEM and specular reflectance analysis. Dental Materials 1988;4:116-21.
114. Haywood VB, Heymann HO, Scurria MS. Effect of water, speed, and experimental instrumentation on finishing and polishing porcelain intra-orally. Dental Materials 1989;5:185-8.
115. Roulet JF. Margin quality: criteria and techniques for assessment. In: Anusavice Kenneth J, editor. Quality evaluation of dental restorations: criteria for placement and replacement, Lombourg: Quintessence Publishing Co, 1989. p. 223-9.
116. Suzuki S, Leinfelder K, Shinkai K. Wear resistance of resin cements. American Journal of Dentistry 1995;8:83-7.
117. Gladys S, Van Meerbeek B, Inokoshi S, et al. Clinical and semi-quantitative marginal analysis of four tooth-coloured inlay systems at 3 years. Journal of Dentistry 1996;23:329-38.
118. Feilzer AJ, De Gee AJ, Davidson CL. Setting stress in composite resin in relation to configuration of the restoration. Journal of Dental Research 1987;66:1636-9.
119. Feilzer AJ, De Gee AJ, Davidson CL. Increased wall-to-wall curing contraction in thin bonded resin layers. Journal of Dental Research 1988;68:48-50.
120. Tjan AHL, Dunn JR, Sanderson IR. Microleakage patterns of porcelain and castable ceramic laminate veneers. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1989;61:276-82.
121. Lacy AM, Wada C, Du W, et al. In vitro microleakage at the gingival margin of porcelain and resin veneers. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1992;67:7-10.
122. Zaimoglu A, Karaaglaçlioglu L, Üçtaçli. Influence of porcelain material and composite luting resin on microleakage of porcelain laminate veneers. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation 1992;19:319-27.
123. Sim C, Neo J, Kiam Chua EK, et al. The effect of dentin bonding agents on the microleakage of porcelain veneers. Dental Materials 1994;10:278-81 Abstract 215.
124. Gaspercic D. Micromorphometric analysis of cervical enamel structure of human upper third molars. Archives of Oral Biology 1995;40:453-7.
125. Zaimoglu A, Karaagaçlioglu L. Microleakage in porcelain laminate veneers. Journal of Dentistry 1991;19:369-72.
126. Dietschi D, Magne P, Holz J. Bonded to tooth ceramic restorations: in vitro evaluation of the efficiency and failure mode of two modern adhesives. Schweizerische Monatsschrift Zahnmedicin 1995;105: 229-305.
127. Done B. Techniques for placement of porcelain veneers. Journal of the American Dental Association 1987;114:155-6.
128. Jankowski JL, Olin PS, Holtan JR. Microleakage of porcelain veneers bonded with dual cured luting agents and fatigued. Journal of Dental Research 1993;72:130.
129. Newcomb GM. The relationship between the location of subgingival crown margins and gingival inflammation. Journal of Periodontology 1974;45:151-4.
130. Janenko C, Smales RJ. Anterior crowns and gingival health. Australian Dental Journal 1979;24:225-30.
131. Chan C, Weber H. Plaque retention on restored teeth with full-ceramic crowns: a comparative study. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 1986;56:666-71.
132. Olsson J, van der Heijde Y, Holmberg K. Plaque formation in vivo and bacterial attachment in vitro on permanently hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Caries Research 1992;26:428-33.
133. Hahn R, Weiger R, Netuschil L, et al. Microbial accumulation and vitality on different restorative materials. Dental Materials 1993;9:312-6.
134. Quirynen M, Bollen CML. The influence of surface roughness and surface-free energy on supra- and subgingival plaque formation in man. A review of the literature. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1995;22:1-14.
135. Kourkata S, Walsh TF, Davis LG. The effect of porcelain laminate veneers on gingival health and bacterial plaque characteristics. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 1994;21:638-40.
136. Pippin DJ, Mixson JM, Sodan-Els P. Clinical evaluation of restored maxillary incisors: veneers vs. PFM crowns. Journal of the American Dental Association 1995;126:1523-9.
137. Peumans M. The clinical performance of veneer restorations and their influence on the periodontium. Thesis. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. 1997.
138. Davis BK, Aquilino SA, Lund PS, et al. Subjective evaluation of the effect of porcelain opacity on the resultant color of porcelain veneers. International Journal of Prosthodontics 1990;3:567-72.
139. Davis BK, Scott JO, Johnston WM. Effect of porcelain shades on final shade of porcelain veneers. Journal of Dental Research 1991;70:475 Abstract 1671.
140. Davis BK, Aquilino SA, Lund PS, et al. Colorimetric evaluation of the effect of porcelain opacity on the resultant color of porcelain veneers. International Journal of Prosthodontics 1992;5:130-6.
141. Mörmann WH, Link C, Lutz F. Color changes in veneer ceramics caused by bonding composite resins. Acta Med Dent Helv 1996;1:97-102.
142. Davis BK, Papcum LJ, Johnston WM. Effect of cement shade on final shade of porcelain veneers. Journal of Dental Research 1991;70:297 Abstract 250.
143. Davis BK, Johnston WM, Saba RF. Kubelka-Munk reflectance theory applied to porcelain veneer systems using a colorimeter. International Journal of Prosthodontics 1994;7:227-33.
144. Meijering AC, Roeters JM, Mulder J, et al. Patients' satisfaction with different types of veneer restorations. Journal of Dentistry 1997;25:493-7.