Leadership image-building: After Clinton and Watergate

Political Psychology

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 179-198

  Just, Marion ^a   Crigler, Ann ^b  

^a WELLESLEY COLLEGE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Clinton; Image building; Impeachment; Leadership; Nixon; Political scandal; Presidency; Watergate

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034144930     PISSN: 0162895X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/0162-895X.00183     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Alvarez, L. (1998, 2 October). The testing of a president: Top House Democrats back finite impeachment inquiry. New York Times, p. A24.
2. Belt, T., Crigler, A., & Just, M. (1998). Campaign effects and candidate appraisal: The role of emotions and civic attitudes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, MA.
3. Bennet, W. L. (1996). News: The politics of illusion (3rd ed.). White Plains, NY: Longman.
4. Berke, R. L., with Elder, J. (1998a, 25 September). The testing of a president: Public opinion poll finds Clinton in strong rebound since video airing. New York Times, p. A1.
5. Berke, R. L. (1998b, 21 December). Impeachment: The motivations: Democrats stand by Clinton but it isn't personal. New York Times, p. A22.
6. Broader, J. M., & Schmitt, E. (1998, 8 October). The testing of a president: The White House: Clintons delicately lobby Democrats for support. New York Times, p. A32.
7. Brody, R. A. (1991). Assessing the president: The media, elite opinion, and public support. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
8. Clines, F. X. (1998, 9 December). The testing of a president: The scene: A day of furious crossfire sharpens the partisan edges. New York Times, p. A1.
9. Downs, A. (1957). An economic theory of democracy. New York: Harper.
10. Fiorina, M. P. (1981). Retrospective voting in American national elections. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
11. Fischle, M. (2000). Mass response to the Lewinsky scandal: Motivated reasoning or Bayesian updating? Political Psychology, 21, 135-159.
12. Gallup, G. H. (1978). The Gallup Poll: Public opinion 1972-1977. 1: 1972-1975 (pp. 325-336). Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources.
13. Henry, J.C. (1998, 20 December). Clinton impeached; 2 articles approved in partisan House vote. The Houston Chronicle, p. A1.
14. Just, M., Crigler, A., Alger, D., Cook, T., Kern, M., & West, D. (1996). Crosstalk: Citizens, candidates, and the media in a presidential campaign. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
15. Kern, M., & Just, M. (1995). The focus group method, political advertising, campaign news, and the construction of candidate images. Political Communication, 12, 127-145.
16. Kernell, S. (1978). Explaining presidential popularity. American Political Science Review, 72, 506-522.
17. Kinder, D. R. (1981). Presidents, prosperity, and public opinion. Public Opinion Quarterly, 45, 1-21.
18. Kinder, D. R., & Kiewiet, D. (1981). Sociotropic politics. British Journal of Political Science, 11, 129-161.
19. Kinder, D. R., Peters, M. D., Abelson, R. P., & Fiske, S. T. (1980). Presidential prototypes. Political Behavior, 2, 314-337.
20. Lang, G. E., & Lang, K. (1983). The battle for public opinion: The president, the press and the polls during Watergate. New York: Columbia University Press.
21. Lang, G. E., & Lang, K. (1994). The media and Watergate. In D. A. Graber (Ed.), Media power in politics (3rd ed., pp. 273-280). Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
22. Lichter, S. R., & Noyes, R. (1996). Good intentions make bad news: Why Americans hate campaign journalism (2nd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
23. McGrory, M. (1999, 19 November). Personal communication with the author.
24. Media Monitor (1998a). Volume 12, No. 2 (March/April).
25. Media Monitor (1998b). Volume 12, No. 3 (May/June).
26. Media Monitor (1998c). Volume 12, No. 5 (September/October).
27. Mitchell, A. (1998a, 17 September). The testing of a president: The proceedings: Feuds erupt in Congress over details of release. New York Times, p. A1.
28. Mitchell, A. (1998b, 14 December). Impeachment: The overview: President, facing vote, denies perjury and says he won't quit. New York Times, p. A1.
29. Mueller, J. E. (1970). Presidential popularity from Truman to Johnson. American Political Science Review, 64, 18-34.
30. Neuman, W. R., Just, M., & Crigler, A. (1992). Common knowledge: News and the construction of political meaning. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
31. Neustadt, R. E. (1990). Presidential power and the modern presidents. New York: Free Press.
32. Newport, F. (1999). The best of times, the worst of times: A sanguine public assesses Bill Clinton in crisis. Public Perspective, August/September.
33. Owen, D. (2000). Popular politics and the Clinton/Lewinsky affair: The implications for leadership. Political Psychology, 21, 161-177.
34. Pew Research Center for the People & the Press (1998a. 14 December). Public's good mood and optimism undeterred by latest developments [News release]. Washington, DC: Author.
35. Pew Research Center for the People & the Press (1998b, 22 December). Top ten stories of 1998 (p. 1). Washington, DC: Author.
36. Pew Research Center for the People & the Press (1999, 17 April). Clinton fatigue undermines Gore poll standings. Washington, DC: Author.
37. Rothman, S., & Lichter, R. (1987). Elite ideology and risk perception in nuclear energy policy. American Political Science Review. 81, 383-404.
38. Scandal by the numbers. (1999, 15 February). USA Today, p. A10.
39. Schmitt, E. (1998, 17 September). Testing of a president: The overview; Republicans near accord on release of Clinton tapes. New York Times, p. A1.
40. Schudson, M. (1996). Watergate in American memory. New York: Basic Books.
41. Sigal, L. V. (1973). Reporters and officials. Lexington, MA: Heath.
42. Zaller, J. (1996). Negativity and bias in media coverage of presidential elections, 1948-1992. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, San Francisco.
43. Zaller, J. (1998). Monica Lewinsky's contribution to political science. PS: Political Science & Politics, 31, 182-189.