Deep-water massive sands: Nature, origin and hydrocarbon implications

Marine and Petroleum Geology

Volumn 17, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 145-174

  Stow, Dorrik A V ^a   Johansson, Melissa ^b  

^a NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

^b SCHLUMBERGER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEEP WATER MASSIVE SANDS; HIGH DENSITY TURBIDITY CURRENTS; SANDY DEBRIS FLOWS;

CARBONATE MINERALS; OCEAN CURRENTS; OCEANOGRAPHY; SAND; SEDIMENTS; SHALE;

SANDSTONE;

DEEP-SEA SEDIMENT; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; HYDROCARBON RESERVOIR; SAND; SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE;

EID: 0034144541     PISSN: 02648172     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0264-8172(99)00051-3     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (73)

1. Allen, J. R. L. (1982). Sedimentary structures: their character and physical basis. Developments in sedimentology, vol. 30A. Amsterdam: B. Elsevier.
2. Allen, J. R. L. (1991). The Bouma Division A and the possible duration of turbidity currents. J. Sedim. Petrol., 61, 291-295.
3. Ardanese, L. R., Capuano, N., Chiocchini, U., Cipriani, N., Martelli, G., & Veneri, G. T. F. (1987). Studio delle arenarie di Urbania e di Serraspinosa come contributo alia conoscenza dell'evoluzione paleogeografica del margine Adriatico durante il Miocence medio-superiore. Giornale di Geologia, ser 3, Vol 49/1, pp. 127-144, Bologna.
4. Armstrong, L. A., Ten Have, A., & Johnson, H. D. (1987). The geology of the Gannet field, central North Sea, UK sector. In Petroleum geology of NW Europe (pp. 533-548). London: Graham & Trotman.
5. Barnes, P. M., & Lewis, Y. B. (1991). Sheet slides and rotational failures on a convergent margin: the Kidnappers Slide, New Zealand. Sedimentology, 38, 205-221.
6. Bouma, A. H., Coleman, J. M., Meyer, A. W. et al (1986). Init. Repts. DSDP, 96. Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office).
7. Braakenburg, N. E. (1994). The anatomy of deep water massive sands: with reference to specific examples. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Southampton, 294 pp.
8. Bugge, T. (1983). Submarine slides on the Norwegian continental margin. Trondheim: Cont. Shelf Inst. publ. 110, IKU 152 pp.
9. Busby-Spera, C. J. (1985). A sand-rich submarine fan in the lower Mesozoic Mineral King caldera complex, Sierra Nevada, California. J. Sedim. Petrol., 55, 376-391.
10. Carman, G. J., & Young, R. (1981). Reservoir geology of the forties oilfield. In Petroleum geology of the continental shelf of NW Europe (pp. 371-379). London: Heyden.
11. Carter, R. M. (1975). A discussion and classification of subaqueous mass transport with particular reference to grain flow, slurry flow and fluxoturbidites. Earth-Sci. Rev., 11, 145-177.
12. Chough, S. K., Choe, M. Y., & Hwang, I. G. (1993). Fan deltas in the Pohang Basin, Miocene, SE Korea. In Field excursion guidebook (p. 150). Woongjin Publisher.
13. Elliott, T., Apps, G., Davies, H., Evans, M., Ghibaudo, G., & Graham, R. H. (1985). A structural and sedimentological traverse through the Tertiary Foreland basin of the external Alps of France. In Excursion guidebook, International Symposium on Foreland Basins. Switzerland: Fribourg.
14. Enjolras, J. M., Gouadain, J., Mutti, E., & Pizon, J. (1986). New turbidite model for the Lower Tertiary sands in the southern Viking Graben. In Habitat of hydrocarbons on the Norwegian continental shelf, Norwegian Petroleum Society (pp. 171-178). London: Graham & Trotman.
15. Flood, R., Piper, D. J. W. et al. (1995). ODP Initial Reports 155, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program.
16. Flood, R., Piper, D. J. W. et al. (1997). ODP Scientific Results 155, Texas, Ocean Drilling Program.
17. Gee, M. R. J., Masson, D. G., Watts, A. B., & Allen, P. A. (1999). The Saharan Debris Flow: an insight into the mechanics of long runout debris flows. Sedimentology, 46, 317-336.
18. Graham, S. A., & Berry, K. D. (1979). Early Eocene paleogeography of the central San Joaquin Valley -origin of the Cantua Sandstone. Cenozoic paleogeography of the Western United States, SEPM Pacific Section, Paleogeography Symposium, vol. 3 (pp. 119-128).
19. Hampton, M. A. (1972). The role of subaqueous debris flow in generating turbidity current. J. Sedim. Petrol., 42, 775-793.
20. Hein, J. F. (1982). Depositional mechanisms of deep-sea coarse clastic sediments, cap Enrage Formation, Quebec. Can. J. Earth Sci., 19, 267-287.
21. Heller, P. L., & Dickinson, W. R. (1985). Submarine ramp facies model for delta fed, sand-rich turbidite systems. Am. Ass. Petrol. Geol. Bull., 69, 960-976.
22. Hoyez, B. (1989). Le Numidien et les flysch oligomiocene de la bordure sud de la Mediterranee occidentale. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Lille, France.
23. Hughes Clarke, J. E., Shor, A. N., Piper, D. J. W., & Mayer, L. A. (1990). Large-scale current-induced erosion and deposition in the path of the 1929 Grand Banks turbidity current. Sedimentology, 37, 613-629.
24. Ito, M. (1992). High frequency depositional sequences of the upper part of the Kasuza Group: a middle Pleistocene forearc basin fill in Boso Peninsula, Japan. Sedim. Geol., 76, 155-175.
25. Ito, M., & Katsura, Y. (1992). Inferred glacioeustatic control for high frequency depositional sequences of the Plio-Pleistocene Kasuza Group, a forearc basin fill in Boso Peninsula, Japan. Sedim. Geol., 80, 67-75.
26. Johansson, M., & Stow, D. A. V. (1995). A classification scheme for shale clasts in deep-water sandstones. Geol. Soc. (London) Spec. Pub., 94, 221-241.
27. Johansson, M., Braakenburg, N. E., Stow, D. A. V., & Faugeres, J. C. (1998). Deep-water massive sands: facies, processes and channel geometry in the Numidian Flysch, N Sicily. Sedim. Geol., 115, 233-266.
28. Kneller, B. (1995). Beyond the turbidite paradigm: physical models for the deposition of turbidites and implications for reservoir prediction. Geol. Soc. (London) Spec. Pub., 94, 221-241.
29. Kneller, B., & Branney, M. J. (1995). Sustained high-density turbidity currents and the deposition of thick massive beds. Sedimentology, 42, 607-616.
30. Lee, J. H. (1989). Undersea landslides: extent and significance in the Pacific Ocean. In Proceedings of 28th International Geological Congress, Symposium on Landslides (pp. 367-380).
31. Link, M. H. (1975). Matilija Sandstone, a transition from deep-water turbidite to shallow-marine deposition in the Eocene of California. J. Sedim. Petrol., 45, 63-78.
32. Link, M. H., & Nilsen, T. H. (1980). The Rocks Sandstone, an Eocene sand-rich deep-sea fan deposit, northern Santa Lucia Range, California. J. Sedim. Petrol., 50, 583-601.
33. Link, M. H., & Welton, J. E. (1982). Sedimentology and reservoir potential of Matilija Sandstone: an Eocene sand-rich deep sea fan and shallow marine complex, California. Am. Ass. Petro. Geol. Bull., 66, 1514-1534.
34. Link, M. H., Squires, R. L., & Colburn, I. P. (Eds.). (1981). Simi Hills Cretaceous turbidities, southern California. SEPM Pacific Section, Fall Fieldtrip Guidebook .
35. Lowe, D. R. (1976). Subaqueous liquefied and fluidised sediment flows and their deposits. Sedimentology, 23, 285-308.
36. Lowe, D. R., & Lopiccolo, R. D. (1974). The characteristics and origins of dish and pillar structures. J. Sedim. Petrol., 44, 484-501.
37. Masson, D. G., Kenyon, N. K., & Weaver, P. P. E. (1996). Slides, debris flows and turbidity currents. In Oceanography - an illustrated guide (pp. 136-151). London: Manson Publishing.
38. Masson, D. G., van Niel, B., & Weaver, P. P. E. (1997). Flow processes and sediment deformation in the Canary debris flow on the NW African continental rise. Sedim. Geol., 110, 163-179.
39. Middleton, G. V., & Hampton, M. A. (1976). Subaqueous sediment transport and deposition by sediment gravity flows. In Marine sediment transport and environmental management (pp. 197-218). New York: John Wiley.
40. Mohrig, D., Whipple, K. X., Hondzo, M., Ellis, C., & Parker, G. (1998). Hydroplaning of subaqueous debris flows. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 110, 387-394.
41. Mutti, E., Barros, K., Possato, S., & Rumenos, L. (1980). Deep-sea fan turbidite sediments winnowed by bottom currents in the Eocene Campos Basin, Brazil offshore. In Proceedings of first IAS European Meeting Abstracts (p. 114).
42. Mutti, E., Davoli, G., SegadeUi, S., Cavaffi, C., Carminatti, K., Stocchi, S., Mora, S., & Andreozzi, M. (1992). Turbidite sandstones. Parma: AGIP/Istituto di Geologia, Universita di Parma 236 pp.
43. Nelson, C. H., Baraza, J., & Maldonado, A. (1993). Mediterranean undercurrent sandy contourites, Gulf of Cadiz, Spain. Sedim. Geol., 82, 103-131.
44. Nemec, W. (1990). Aspects of sediment movement on steep delta slopes. Spec. Publ. Int. Ass. Sediment., 10, 29-73.
45. Nilsen, T. H., Dibblee, T. W., & Simoni, T. R. (1974). In Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the Cantua Sandstone of the Lodo Formation, Valecitos area, California. SEPM Pacific Section guidebook (pp. 38-68).
46. Parise, O., & Beaudoin, B. (1986). Les filons greseux du Numidien dans leur cadre paleomorphologique (Sicile et Tunise). C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 304, 129-134.
47. Parise, O., Beaudoin, B., & Fries, G. (1999). Deep-water massive sands: facies, processes and channel geometry in the Numidian Flysch, Sicily - a discussion. Sedim. Geol. (this volume).
48. Pettingill, H. S. (1998). Turbidite giants: lessons from the world's 40 largest turbidite discoveries. In Proceedings of EAGE/AAPG Third Research Symposium, Almeria, Spain Abstracts Volume AO27.
49. Pickering, K. T., Hiscott, R. N., & Hein, F. J. (1989). Deep marine environments: Clastic sedimentation and tectonics. London: Unwin Hyman 416 pp.
50. Piper, D. J. W. (1970). Transport and deposition of Holocene sediment on La Jolla deep sea fan, California. Marine Geol., 8, 211-227.
51. Piper, D. J. W., & Savoye, B. (1993). Processes of turbidity current flow and deposition on the Var deep-sea fan, NW Mediterranean Sea. Sedimentology, 40, 557-582.
52. Piper, D. J. W., Normark, W. R., & Stow, D. A. V. (1984). The Laurentian fan - Sohm abyssal plain. Geo-Marine Letters, 3, 141-146.
53. Pirmez, C., Hiscott, R. N., & Kronen, D. (1997). Sandy turbidite successions. Proc. ODP Sci. Results, 155, 7-34.
54. Postma, G. (1984). Mass-flow conglomerates in a submarine canyon: Abrioja fan-delta, Pliocene, SE Spain. Mem. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol., 10, 237-258.
55. Postma, G., Nemec, W., & Kleinspehn, K. L. (1988). Large floating clasts in turbidites: a mechanism for their emplacement. Sedim. Geol., 58, 47-61.
56. Roure, F., Howell, D. G., Muller, C., & Moretti, I. (1990). Late Cenozoic subduction complex of Sicily. J. Struct. Geol., 12, 259-266.
57. Simpson, J. E. (1982). Gravity currents in the laboratory, atmosphere and ocean. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 14, 213-234.
58. Southard, J. E., & Mackintosh, M. E. (1981). Experimental test of autosuspension. Earth Surface Proc. Landf., 6, 103-111.
59. Shanmugam, G. (1996). High-density turbidity currents: are they sandy debris flows? J. Sedim. Research, 66, 2-10.
60. Shanmugam, G. (2000) Fifty years of the turbidite paradigm: Deep-water processes and facies models - a critical perspective. Marine & Petrol. Geol., this issue.
61. Shanmugam, G., & Moiola, R. J. (1995). Re-interpretation of depositional processes in a classic flysch sequence (Pennsylvanian Jackfort Group), Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Am. Ass. Pet. Geo. Bull., 79, 672-695.
62. Shanmugam, G., & Moiola, R. J. (1997). Re-interpretation of depositional processes in a classic flysch sequence (Pennsylvanian Jackfort Group), Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma: reply. Am. Ass. Pet. Geol. Bull., 81, 476-491.
63. Shanmugam, G., Lehtonen, L. R., Straume, T., Syversten, S. E., Hodgkinson, R. J., & Skibeli, M. (1994). Slump and debris flow dominated upper slope facies in the Cretaceous of the Norwegian and Northern North Seas: implications for sand distribution. Am. Ass. Pet. Geol. Bull., 78, 910-937.
64. Stanley, D. J., Palmer, H. R., & Dill, R. F. (1978). Coarse sediment transport by mass flow and turbidity current processes and down-slope transformations in Annot Sandstone canyon-fan valley system. In Sedimentation in submarine canyons, fans and trenches (pp. 85-115). Pennsylvania: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross.
65. Stow, D. A. V. (1981). The Laurentian Fan: morphology, sediments, processes and growth pattern - models for hydrocarbon exploration. Am. Ass. Pet. Geol. Bull., 65, 375-393.
66. Stow, D. A. V. (1994). Deep sea processes of sediment transport and deposition. In Sediment transport and depositional processes (pp. 257-291). Oxford: Blackwell Sci. Pub.
67. Stow, D. A. V., Braakenburg, N. E., & Johansson, M. (1995). Atlas of deep-water massive sands. Unpub. Rept., Southampton University.
68. Stow, D. A. V., Reading, H. G., & Collinson, J. (1996). Deep seas. In Sedimentary environments and facies (pp. 380-442). Blackwell Sci. Publ.
69. Stow, D. A. V., Cremer, M., Droz, L., Normark, W. R., O'Connell, S., Pickering, K. T., Stelting, C. C., Meyer-Wright, A. A., & DSDP Leg 96 Shipboard Scientists (1985). Mississippi Fan Sedimentary facies, composition, and texture. In Submarine fans and related turbidite sequences (pp. 259-266). New York: Springer-Verlag.
70. Stow, D. A. V., Faugeres, J. C., Viana, A., & Gonthier, E. (1998). Fossil contourites: a critical review. Sedim. Geol., 155, 3-31.
71. Stow, D. A. V., Johansson, M., Braakenburg, N. E., & Faugeres, J. C. (1999). Deep-water massive sands: facies, processes and channel geometry in the Numidian Flysch, N Sicily: Reply. Sedim. Geol., 127, 119-123.
72. Surlyk, F. (1987). Slope and deep shelf gully sandstones, Upper Jurassic, East Greenland. Am. Ass. Pet. Geol. Bull., 71, 464-475.
73. Viana, A., Faugeres, J. C., & Stow, D. A. V. (1998). Bottom-current controlled sand deposits: a review of modem shallow to deep water environments. Sedim. Geol., 115, 53-80.