Ocean feedback in response to 6 kyr BP insolation

Journal of Climate

Volumn 13, Issue 9, 2000, Pages 1537-1553

  Braconnot, P ^a   Marti, O ^a   Joussaume, S ^a   Leclainche, Y ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; HEAT TRANSFER; OCEAN CURRENTS; TRANSPORT PROPERTIES;

MONSOONS; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE SIMULATIONS;

CLIMATE CHANGE;

ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN COUPLING; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE MODELING; FEEDBACK MECHANISM; INSOLATION;

EID: 0034125748     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<1537:OFIRTK>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Andrich, P., P. Delecluse, C. Levy, and G. Madec, 1988: A multitasked general circulation model of the ocean. Proc. Fourth Int. Symp. on Science and Engineering on Cray Supercomputers, Minneapolis, MN, Cray, Inc., 407-428.
2. Barkstrom, B. R., 1984: The Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 65, 1170-1185.
3. 2. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 326, 677-684.
4. Berger, A., 1978: Long term variation of daily insolation and Quaternary climatic changes. J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2362-2367.
5. Braconnot, P., 1998: Tests de sensibilité avec le modèle d'atmosphère du LMD, en vue d'améliorer le couplage avec l'océan. Institut Pierre Simon Laplace Tech. Note 2, 39 pp. [Available online at http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/modelisation/liste-notes-tech.html]
6. _, O. Marti, and S. Joussaume, 1997: Adjustment and feedbacks in a global coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Climate Dyn., 13, 507-519.
7. _, S. Joussaume, O. Marti, and N. de Noblet, 1999: Synergistic feedbacks from ocean and vegetation on the African monsoon response to mid-Holocene insolation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2481-2484.
8. _, _, N. de Noblet, and G. Ramstein, 2000: Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum African monsoon changes as simulated within the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project. Global Planet. Change, in press.
9. Claussen, M., and V. Gayler, 1997: The greening of the Sahara during the mid-Holocene: Results of an interactive atmosphere-biome model. Global Ecol. Biogeogr. Lett., 6, 369-377.
10. Coe, M. T., and G. B. Bonan, 1997: Feedbacks between climate and surface water in northern Africa during the middle Holocene. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 11 087-11 101.
11. de Noblet, N., P. Braconnot, J. Joussaume, and V. Masson, 1996: Sensitivity of simulated Asian and African summer monsoons to orbital induced variations in insolation. Climate Dyn., 12, 589-603.
12. Dong, B., P. Valdes, and N. M. J. Hall, 1996: A GCM simulation of the climate 6000 years ago. Paleoclimates, 1, 203-240.
13. Esbensen, S. K., and Y. V. Kushnir, 1981: The heat budget of the global ocean: An atlas based on estimates from marine observations. Climatic Research Institute Rep. 29, 27 pp. [Available from Climatic Research Institute and Department of Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331.]
14. Folland, C. K., T. N. Palmer, and D. E. Parker, 1986: Sahel rainfall and worldwide sea surface temperature. Nature, 320, 602-607.
15. Fontaine, B., and S. Janicot, 1996: Sea surface temperature fields associated with West African rainfall anomaly types. J. Climate, 9, 2935-2940.
16. Gadgil, S., and S. Sajani, 1998: Monsoon precipitation in the AMIP runs. Climate Dyn., 14, 659-689.
17. Ganopolski, A., C. Kubatzki, M. Claussen, V. Brovkin, and V. Petoukhov, 1998: The influence of vegetation-atmosphere-ocean interaction on climate during the mid-Holocene. Nature, 280, 1916-1919.
18. Gloersen, P., and W. J. Campbell, 1991: Recent variations in Arctic and Antarctic sea-ice cover. Nature, 352, 33-36.
19. Grenier, H., 1997: Les interactions air-mer dans le système climatique: Étude à l'aide d'un modèle couplé tri-dimensionnel océan-atmosphère-glace marine. Ph.D. disssertation, Université Catholique de Louvain, 269 pp. [Available from Lemaître Institut d'Astronomie et de Géophysique Georges Lemaître, 2 Chemin du Cyclotron, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain la Neuve, Belgium.]
20. Grötzner, A., R. Sausen, and M. Claussen, 1995: The impact of sub-grid scale sea-ice inhomogeneities on the performances of the atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM3. Climate Dyn., 12, 477-496.
21. Guilyardi, E., and G. Madec, 1997: Performance of the OPA/AR-PEGE-T21 global ocean-atmosphere coupled model. Climate Dyn., 13, 149-165.
22. _, _, and L. Terray, 1999: The role of lateral ocean physics in the upper ocean thermal balance of a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM. Institut Pierre Simon Laplace Sci. Note 13, 19 pp. [Available online at http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr/modelisation/ liste-notes.html]
23. Hall, N. M. J., and P. Valdes, 1997: An AGCM simulation of the climate 6000 years ago. J. Climate, 10, 3-17.
24. Hellerman, S., and M. Rosenstein, 1983: Normal monthly wind stress over the World Ocean with error estimates. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1093-1104.
25. Hewitt, C., and J. F. B. Mitchell, 1996: GCM simulations of the climate of 6 kyr BP: Mean changes and interdecadal variability. J. Climate, 9, 3505-3529.
26. _, and _, 1998: A fully coupled GCM simulation of the climate of the mid-Holocene. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 361-364.
27. Hou, A. Y., 1993: The influence of tropical heating displacements on the extratropical climate. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3553-3570.
28. Janowiak, J. E., and P. A. Arkin, 1991: Rainfall variations in the Tropics during 1986-1989, as estimated from observations of cloud-top temperature. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3359-3373.
29. Jolly, D., and Coauthors, 1998: Biome reconstruction from pollen and plant macrofossil data for Africa and the Arabian peninsula at 0 and 6 ka. J. Biogeogr., 25, 1007-1028.
30. Joussaume, S., and K. E. Taylor, 1995: Status of the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project. Proc. First Int. AMIP Scientific Conf., Monterey, CA, World Climate Research Programme, 425-430.
31. _, and P. Braconnot, 1997: Sensitivity of paleoclimate simulation results to season definitions. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1943-1956.
32. _, and Coauthors, 1999: Monsoon changes for 6000 years ago: Results of 18 simulations from the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project (PMIP). Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 859-862.
33. Keith, D., 1995: Meridional energy transport: Uncertainty in zonal means. Tellus, 47A, 30-44.
34. Krinner, G., C. Genthon, Z.-X. Li, and P. Le Van, 1997: Studies of the Antarctic climate with a stretched-grid general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13 731-13 745.
35. Kutzbach, J. E., and B. L. Otto-Bliesner, 1982: The sensitivity of the African-Asian monsoon climate to orbital parameter changes for 9000 years B.P. in a low-resolution general circulation model. J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1177-1188.
36. _, and P. J. Guetter, 1986: The influence of changing orbital parameters and surface boundary conditions on climate simulations for the past 18000 years. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1726-1759.
37. _, and R. G. Gallimore, 1988: Sensitivity of a coupled atmosphere/ mixed layer ocean model to changes in orbital forcing at 9000 years BP. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 803-821.
38. _, and Z. Liu, 1997: Response of the African monsoon to orbital forcing and ocean feedbacks in the Middle Holocene. Science, 278, 440-443.
39. _, P. J. Guetter, P. J. Behling, and R. Selin, 1993: Simulated climatic changes: Results of the COHMAP climate-model experiments. Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, H. E. Wright Jr. et al., Eds., University of Minnesota Press, 24-93.
40. _, G. Bonan, J. Foley, and S. P. Harrison, 1996: Vegetation and soil feedbacks on the response of the African monsoon to orbital forcing in the early to middle Holocene. Nature, 384, 623-626.
41. Lamb, P. J., and R. A. Peppler, 1992: Further case studies of tropical Atlantic surface atmospheric and oceanic patterns associated with Sub-Saharan drought. J. Climate, 5, 476-488.
42. Legate, D. S., and C. J. Willmott, 1990: Mean seasonal and spatial variability in gauge-corrected, global precipitation. Int. J. Climatol., 10, 111-127.
43. Levitus, S., 1982: Climatological Atlas of the World Ocean. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. NOAA Professional Paper 13, 173 pp. and 17 microfiche.
44. Lindzen, R. S., and W. Pan, 1994: A note on orbital control of equator-pole heat fluxes. Climate Dyn., 10, 49-57.
45. Madec, G., and M. Imbard, 1996: A global ocean mesh to overcome the North Pole singularity. Climate Dyn., 12, 381-388.
46. Masson, V., and S. Joussaume, 1997: Energetics of the 6000-yr BP atmospheric circulation in boreal summer, from large-scale to monsoon areas: A study with two versions of the LMD AGCM. J. Climate, 10, 2888-2903.
47. Mitchell, J. F. B., N. S. Graham, and K. J. Needham, 1988: Climate simulations for 9000 years before present: Seasonal variations and effects of the Laurentide ice sheet. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 8283-8303.
48. Oberhüber, J. M., 1988: An atlas based on the COADS data set: The budget of heat, buoyancy and turbulent kinetic energy at the surface of the global ocean. Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie Rep. 15, 42 pp. [Available from Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.]
49. Palmer, T. N., 1986: Influence of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans on Sahel rainfall. Nature, 322, 251-253.
50. Prell, W. L., and J. E. Kutzbach, 1987: Monsoon variability over the past 150,000 years. J. Geophys. Res., 92, 8411-8425.
51. Reynolds, R. W., 1988: A real-time global sea surface temperature analysis. J. Climate. 1, 75-86.
52. Rind, D., 1998: Latitudinal temperature gradients and climate change. J. Geophys. Res., 103 (D6), 5943-5971.
53. Roemmich, D., and C. Wunsch, 1985: Two trans-Atlantic sections: Meridional circulation and heat flux in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res., 32, 619-664.
54. Royer, J. E. M. Déqué, and P. Pestiaux, 1984: A sensitivity experiment to astronomical forcing with a spectral GCM: Simulation of the annual cycle at 125 000 and 115 000 BP. Milankovitch and Climate, Part 2, A. L. Berger et al., Eds., Springer-Verlag, 733-763.
55. Ruddiman, W. E. and A. C. Mix, 1993: The North and equatorial Atlantic at 9000 and 6000 yr B.P. Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, H. E. Wright Jr. et al., Eds., University of Minnesota Press, 94-135.
56. Sadourny, R., and K. Laval, 1984: January and July performance of the LMD general circulation model. New Perspectives in Climate Modelling. A. Berger and C. Nicolis, Eds., Vol. 16, Developments in Atmospheric Science, Elsevier, 173-198.
57. Stein, U., and P. Alpert, 1993: Factor separation in numerical simulations. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2107-2115.
58. Terray, L., E. Sevault, E. Guilyardi, and O. Thual, 1995: The OASIS Coupler user guide version 2.0. CERFACS Tech. Rep. TR/ CMGC, 123 pp. [Available from CERFACS, 42 Avenue Gaspard Coriolis, F31057 Toulouse Cedex 01, France.]
59. Texier, D., and Coauthors, 1997: Quantifying the role of biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks in climate change: A coupled model simulation for 6000 yr BP and comparison with paleodata for northern Eurasia and northern Africa. Climate Dyn., 13, 865-882.
60. Trenberth, K., and A. Salomon, 1994: The global heat balance: Heat transports in the atmosphere and ocean. Climate Dyn., 10, 107-134.
61. Wang, T., Y. Lin, H. F. M. Semazzi, and G. S. Janowitz, 1996: Response of a stably stratified atmosphere to large-scale diabalic forcing with applications to wind patterns in Brazil and the Sahel. J. Geophys. Res., 101 (D3), 7049-7073.
62. Wright, H. E., Jr., J. E. Kutzbach, T. Webb III, W. F. Ruddiman, F. A. Street-Perrott, and P. J. Bartlein. Eds., 1993: Global Climates Since the Last Glacial Maximum, 1st ed. University of Minnesota Press. 169 pp.
63. Yu, G., and S. P. Harrison, 1996: An evaluation of the simulated water balance of northern Eurasia at 6000 yr BP using lake status data. Climate Dyn., 12, 723-735.