메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 107, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 3438-3451

Acoustic effects of variation in vocal effort by men, women, and children

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTICS; ADULT; AIRFLOW; ARTICLE; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; LINGUISTICS; LUNG PRESSURE; MALE; PHONATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOUND PRESSURE; SPEECH PERCEPTION; VOCAL CORD;

EID: 0034123760     PISSN: 00014966     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1121/1.429414     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (222)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 0028036465 scopus 로고
    • Average loudness level, mean fundamental frequency, and subglottal pressure: Comparison between female singers and nonsingers
    • Åkerlund, L., and Gramming, P. (1994). "Average loudness level, mean fundamental frequency, and subglottal pressure: Comparison between female singers and nonsingers," J. Voice 8, 263-270.
    • (1994) J. Voice , vol.8 , pp. 263-270
    • Åkerlund, L.1    Gramming, P.2
  • 2
    • 0002442907 scopus 로고
    • Arguments against formants in the auditory representation of speech
    • edited by R. Carlson and B. Granström (Elsevier Biomedical, Amsterdam)
    • Bladon, A. (1982). "Arguments against formants in the auditory representation of speech," in The Representation of Speech in the Peripheral Auditory System, edited by R. Carlson and B. Granström (Elsevier Biomedical, Amsterdam), pp. 95-102.
    • (1982) The Representation of Speech in the Peripheral Auditory System , pp. 95-102
    • Bladon, A.1
  • 3
    • 0024618543 scopus 로고
    • Acoustic-phonetic characteristics of speech produced in noise and while wearing an oxygen mask
    • Bond, Z. S., Moore, T. J., and Gable, B. (1989). "Acoustic-phonetic characteristics of speech produced in noise and while wearing an oxygen mask," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 907-912.
    • (1989) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.85 , pp. 907-912
    • Bond, Z.S.1    Moore, T.J.2    Gable, B.3
  • 4
    • 84930565634 scopus 로고
    • Some effects of shouted and whispered conditions on temporal organization
    • Bonnot, J-F. P., and Chevrie-Muller, C. (1991). "Some effects of shouted and whispered conditions on temporal organization," J. Phonetics 19, 473-483.
    • (1991) J. Phonetics , vol.19 , pp. 473-483
    • Bonnot, J.-F.P.1    Chevrie-Muller, C.2
  • 5
    • 0025786649 scopus 로고
    • Vocal quality factors: Analysis, synthesis, and perception
    • Childers, D. G., and Lee, C. K. (1991). "Vocal quality factors: Analysis, synthesis, and perception," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90, 2394-2410.
    • (1991) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.90 , pp. 2394-2410
    • Childers, D.G.1    Lee, C.K.2
  • 6
    • 0002022281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of male and female whispered and phonated versions of the long vowels of Swedish
    • Eklund, I., and Traunmüller, H. (1997). "Comparative study of male and female whispered and phonated versions of the long vowels of Swedish," Phonetica 54, 1-21.
    • (1997) Phonetica , vol.54 , pp. 1-21
    • Eklund, I.1    Traunmüller, H.2
  • 8
    • 0041118895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perception of vocal effort and speaker distance on the basis of vowel utterances
    • Accessible on the World Wide Web
    • Eriksson, A., and Traunmüller, H. (1999). "Perception of vocal effort and speaker distance on the basis of vowel utterances," Proceedings of the ICPhS-99, Vol. 3, pp. 2469-2472. (Accessible on the World Wide Web.)
    • (1999) Proceedings of the ICPhS-99 , vol.3 , pp. 2469-2472
    • Eriksson, A.1    Traunmüller, H.2
  • 10
    • 0037694840 scopus 로고
    • Sound pressure level and duration
    • Fónagy, I., and Fónagy, J. (1966). "Sound pressure level and duration," Phonetica 15, 14-21.
    • (1966) Phonetica , vol.15 , pp. 14-21
    • Fónagy, I.1    Fónagy, J.2
  • 11
    • 0040524780 scopus 로고
    • Changes in formant frequencies and formant levels at high voice effort
    • Inst. Phonet., University Copenhagen
    • Frøkjier-Jensen, B. (1966). "Changes in formant frequencies and formant levels at high voice effort," ARIPUC 1 (Inst. Phonet., University Copenhagen), pp. 47-55.
    • (1966) ARIPUC 1 , pp. 47-55
    • Frøkjier-Jensen, B.1
  • 12
    • 0024444357 scopus 로고
    • Spectral correlates of glottal voice source waveform characteristics
    • Gauffin, J., and Sundberg, J. (1989). "Spectral correlates of glottal voice source waveform characteristics," J. Speech Hear. Res. 32, 556-565.
    • (1989) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 556-565
    • Gauffin, J.1    Sundberg, J.2
  • 13
    • 0001450940 scopus 로고
    • Neglected dimensions in speech synthesis
    • Granström, B., and Nord, L. (1992). "Neglected dimensions in speech synthesis," Speech Commun. 11, 459-462.
    • (1992) Speech Commun. , vol.11 , pp. 459-462
    • Granström, B.1    Nord, L.2
  • 15
    • 0023687414 scopus 로고
    • Glottal airflow and trarisglottal air pressure measurements for male and female speakers in soft, normal, and loud voice
    • Holmberg, E. B., Hillman, R. E., and Perkell, J. S. (1988). "Glottal airflow and trarisglottal air pressure measurements for male and female speakers in soft, normal, and loud voice," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 84, 511-529.
    • (1988) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.84 , pp. 511-529
    • Holmberg, E.B.1    Hillman, R.E.2    Perkell, J.S.3
  • 16
    • 0028845909 scopus 로고
    • Comparisons among aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic spectral measures of female voice
    • Imberg, E. B., Hillman, R. E., Perkell, J. S., Guiod, P. C., and Goldman, S. L. (1995). "Comparisons among aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic spectral measures of female voice," J. Speech Hear. Res. 38, 1212-1223.
    • (1995) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.38 , pp. 1212-1223
    • Imberg, E.B.1    Hillman, R.E.2    Perkell, J.S.3    Guiod, P.C.4    Goldman, S.L.5
  • 17
    • 0032840439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formants of children, women, and men: The effect of vocal intensity variation
    • Huber, J. E., Statopoulos, E. T., Curione, G. M., Ash, T. A., and Johnson, H. K. (1999). "Formants of children, women, and men: The effect of vocal intensity variation," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 1532-1542.
    • (1999) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.106 , pp. 1532-1542
    • Huber, J.E.1    Statopoulos, E.T.2    Curione, G.M.3    Ash, T.A.4    Johnson, H.K.5
  • 18
    • 0027465491 scopus 로고
    • The Lombard reflex and its role on human listeners and automatic speech recognizers
    • Junqua, J-C. (1993). "The Lombard reflex and its role on human listeners and automatic speech recognizers," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93, 510-524.
    • (1993) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.93 , pp. 510-524
    • Junqua, J.-C.1
  • 19
    • 0021145178 scopus 로고
    • Formant-frequency differences between isolated whispered and phonated vowel samples produced by adult female subjects
    • Kallail, K. J., and Emanuel, F. W. (1984a). "Formant-frequency differences between isolated whispered and phonated vowel samples produced by adult female subjects," J. Speech Hear. Res. 27, 245-251.
    • (1984) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 245-251
    • Kallail, K.J.1    Emanuel, F.W.2
  • 20
    • 84936526907 scopus 로고
    • An acoustic comparison of isolated whispered and phonated vowel samples produced by adult male subjects
    • Kallail, K. J., and Emanuel, F. W. (1984b). "An acoustic comparison of isolated whispered and phonated vowel samples produced by adult male subjects," J. Phonetics 12, 175-186.
    • (1984) J. Phonetics , vol.12 , pp. 175-186
    • Kallail, K.J.1    Emanuel, F.W.2
  • 22
    • 0032969462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acoustics of children's speech: Developmental changes of temporal and spectral parameters
    • Lee, S., Potamianos, A., and Narayanan, S. (1999). "Acoustics of children's speech: Developmental changes of temporal and spectral parameters," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 105, 1455-1468.
    • (1999) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.105 , pp. 1455-1468
    • Lee, S.1    Potamianos, A.2    Narayanan, S.3
  • 23
    • 0344417239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of vocal effort on spectral properties of vowels
    • Liénard, J.-S., and Di Benedetto, M.-G. (1999). "Effect of vocal effort on spectral properties of vowels," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 106, 411-422.
    • (1999) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.106 , pp. 411-422
    • Liénard, J.-S.1    Di Benedetto, M.-G.2
  • 24
    • 0015136823 scopus 로고
    • Acoustical consequences of lip, tongue, jaw, and larynx movement
    • Lindblom, B., and Sundberg, J. (1971). "Acoustical consequences of lip, tongue, jaw, and larynx movement," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 50, 1166-1179.
    • (1971) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.50 , pp. 1166-1179
    • Lindblom, B.1    Sundberg, J.2
  • 25
    • 0023027403 scopus 로고
    • Effects of auditory masking by white noise on variability of fundamental frequency during highly similar productions of spontaneous speech
    • Loren, C. A., Colcord, R. D., and Rastatter, M. P. (1986). "Effects of auditory masking by white noise on variability of fundamental frequency during highly similar productions of spontaneous speech," Percept. Mot. Skills 63, 1203-1206.
    • (1986) Percept. Mot. Skills , vol.63 , pp. 1203-1206
    • Loren, C.A.1    Colcord, R.D.2    Rastatter, M.P.3
  • 27
    • 0001973071 scopus 로고
    • Parameters of vowel quality
    • Peterson, G. (1961). "Parameters of vowel quality," J. Speech Hear. Res. 4, 10-29.
    • (1961) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 10-29
    • Peterson, G.1
  • 28
    • 0020647939 scopus 로고
    • The effects of short-term auditory masking on fundamental frequency variability
    • Rastatter, M., and Rivers, C. (1983). "The effects of short-term auditory masking on fundamental frequency variability," J. Aud. Res. 23, 33-42.
    • (1983) J. Aud. Res. , vol.23 , pp. 33-42
    • Rastatter, M.1    Rivers, C.2
  • 29
    • 0021778892 scopus 로고
    • The effects of multitalker and masker noise on fundamental frequency variability during spontaneous speech for children and adults
    • Rivers, C., and Rastatter, M. P. (1985). "The effects of multitalker and masker noise on fundamental frequency variability during spontaneous speech for children and adults," J. Aud. Res. 25, 37-45.
    • (1985) J. Aud. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 37-45
    • Rivers, C.1    Rastatter, M.P.2
  • 30
    • 0020094057 scopus 로고
    • Acoustic features of shouted voice
    • Rostolland, D. (1982a). "Acoustic features of shouted voice," Acustica 50, 118-125.
    • (1982) Acustica , vol.50 , pp. 118-125
    • Rostolland, D.1
  • 31
    • 0020419439 scopus 로고
    • Phonetic structure of shouted voice
    • Rostolland, D. (1982b). "Phonetic structure of shouted voice," Acustica 51, 80-89.
    • (1982) Acustica , vol.51 , pp. 80-89
    • Rostolland, D.1
  • 34
    • 0039339734 scopus 로고
    • Articulatory targeting and perceptual constancy of loud speech
    • Inst. linguist., Stockholm University
    • Schulman, R. (1985). "Articulatory targeting and perceptual constancy of loud speech," PERILUS No. 4 (Inst. linguist., Stockholm University), pp. 86-91.
    • (1985) PERILUS No. 4 , pp. 86-91
    • Schulman, R.1
  • 35
    • 0024509517 scopus 로고
    • Articulatory dynamics of loud and normal speech
    • Schulman, R. (1989). "Articulatory dynamics of loud and normal speech," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 85, 295-312.
    • (1989) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.85 , pp. 295-312
    • Schulman, R.1
  • 36
    • 84955537149 scopus 로고
    • The effect of geometry on source mechanisms of fricative consonants
    • Shadle, C. H. (1991). "The effect of geometry on source mechanisms of fricative consonants," J. Phonetics 19, 409-424.
    • (1991) J. Phonetics , vol.19 , pp. 409-424
    • Shadle, C.H.1
  • 37
    • 0029799113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectral balance as an acoustic correlate of linguistic stress
    • Sluijter, A. M. C., and van Heuven, V. J. (1996). "Spectral balance as an acoustic correlate of linguistic stress," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100, 2471-2485.
    • (1996) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.100 , pp. 2471-2485
    • Sluijter, A.M.C.1    Van Heuven, V.J.2
  • 38
    • 0031022209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectral balance as a cue in the perception of linguistic stress
    • Sluijter, A. M. C., van Heuven, V. J., and Pacilly, J. J. A. (1997). "Spectral balance as a cue in the perception of linguistic stress," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101, 503-513.
    • (1997) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.101 , pp. 503-513
    • Sluijter, A.M.C.1    Van Heuven, V.J.2    Pacilly, J.J.A.3
  • 39
    • 0029945980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal investigation of duration and temporal variability in children's speech production
    • Smith, B. L., Kenney, M. K., and Hussain, S. (1996). "A longitudinal investigation of duration and temporal variability in children's speech production," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99, 2344-2349.
    • (1996) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.99 , pp. 2344-2349
    • Smith, B.L.1    Kenney, M.K.2    Hussain, S.3
  • 40
    • 0029016321 scopus 로고
    • Glottal closure, transglottal air-flow, and voice quality in healthy middle-aged women
    • Södersten, M., Hertegård, S., and Hammarberg, B. (1995). "Glottal closure, transglottal air-flow, and voice quality in healthy middle-aged women," J. Voice 9, 182-197.
    • (1995) J. Voice , vol.9 , pp. 182-197
    • Södersten, M.1    Hertegård, S.2    Hammarberg, B.3
  • 41
    • 0015142423 scopus 로고
    • Airflow and turbulence noise for fricative and stop consonants: Static considerations
    • Stevens, K. N. (1971). "Airflow and turbulence noise for fricative and stop consonants: Static considerations," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 50, 1180-1192.
    • (1971) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.50 , pp. 1180-1192
    • Stevens, K.N.1
  • 42
    • 0008568737 scopus 로고
    • Matching functions between loudness and ten other continua
    • Stevens, S. S. (1965). "Matching functions between loudness and ten other continua," Percept. Psychophys. 1, 5-8.
    • (1965) Percept. Psychophys. , vol.1 , pp. 5-8
    • Stevens, S.S.1
  • 44
    • 0026680776 scopus 로고
    • Vocal intensity in speakers and singers
    • Titze, I. R., and Sundberg, J. (1992). "Vocal intensity in speakers and singers," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91, 2936-2946.
    • (1992) J. Acoust. Soc. Am. , vol.91 , pp. 2936-2946
    • Titze, I.R.1    Sundberg, J.2
  • 45
    • 0024235652 scopus 로고
    • Paralinguistic variation and invariance in the characteristic frequencies of vowels
    • Traunmüller, H. (1988). "Paralinguistic variation and invariance in the characteristic frequencies of vowels," Phonetica 45, 1-29.
    • (1988) Phonetica , vol.45 , pp. 1-29
    • Traunmüller, H.1
  • 46
    • 0028247534 scopus 로고
    • Conventional, biological and environmental factors in speech communication: A modulation theory
    • Traunmüller, H. (1994). "Conventional, biological and environmental factors in speech communication: A modulation theory," Phonetica 51, 170-183.
    • (1994) Phonetica , vol.51 , pp. 170-183
    • Traunmüller, H.1
  • 47
    • 0012460538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perception of speaker sex, age, and vocal effort
    • Dept. of Phonetics, Umeå University
    • Traunmüller, H. (1997). "Perception of speaker sex, age, and vocal effort," Phonum 4 (Dept. of Phonetics, Umeå University), pp. 183-186.
    • (1997) Phonum 4 , pp. 183-186
    • Traunmüller, H.1
  • 48
    • 0040524779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation and demodulation in production, perception, and imitation of speech and bodily gestures
    • edited by P. Branderud and H. Traunmüller (Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm), (Accessible on the World Wide Web.)
    • Traunmüller, H. (1998). "Modulation and demodulation in production, perception, and imitation of speech and bodily gestures" in Proceedings of the Eleventh Swedish Phonetics Conference, edited by P. Branderud and H. Traunmüller (Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm), pp. 40-43. (Accessible on the World Wide Web.)
    • (1998) Proceedings of the Eleventh Swedish Phonetics Conference , pp. 40-43
    • Traunmüller, H.1
  • 50
    • 0017459213 scopus 로고
    • Wiedererkennbarkeit der Original-lautstärke eines Sprechers bei elektroakustischer Wiedergabe
    • Wilkens, H., and Bartel, H-H. (1977). "Wiedererkennbarkeit der Original-lautstärke eines Sprechers bei elektroakustischer Wiedergabe," Acustica 37, 45-49.
    • (1977) Acustica , vol.37 , pp. 45-49
    • Wilkens, H.1    Bartel, H.-H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.