Channel instability in the loess area of the midwestern United States

Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 133-150

  Simon, Andrew ^a   Rinaldi, Massimo ^b  

^a USDA ARS NATIONAL SEDIMENTATION LABORATORY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Bank instability; Degradation; Loess channels; Shear strength; Unstable channels

Indexed keywords

BANKS (BODIES OF WATER); GRAVEL; SAND; SEDIMENTS;

ALLUVIAL STREAMS;

SURFACE WATER RESOURCES;

CHANNEL CHANGE; CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; INSTABILITY; LOESS; RIVER CHANNEL;

IOWA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 0034122441     PISSN: 1093474X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2000.tb04255.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Antosch, L. and J. Joens, 1979. Iowa's Lowhead Dams: Their Past, Present and Future Roles. Iowa State Water Resources Research Institute, No. 96, Special Report.
2. Ashley, G. H., 1910. Drainage Problems in Tennessee. Tennessee State Geological Survey Bulletin 3-A, pp. 1-15.
3. Baumel, C. P., 1994. Impact of Degrading Western Iowa Streams on Private and Public Infrastructure Costs. In: Stream Stabilization in Western Iowa, G. A. Hadish (Editor). Iowa DOT HR-352, Golden Hills Resource Conservation and Development, Oakland, Iowa, pp. 4-1 to 4-39.
4. Brice, J. C., 1966. Erosion and Deposition in the Loess Mantled Great Plains, Medicine Creek Drainage Basin, Nebraska. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 352-H, pp. 255-339.
5. Bryan, B. A., A. Simon, G. S. Outlaw, and Randy Thomas, 1995. Methodology for Assessing Channel Conditions at Bridges in Tennessee Related to Scour Critical Conditions. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report, 94-4229, 54 pp.
6. Bull, W. B., 1979. Threshold of Critical Power in Streams. Geological Society of America Bulletin 90:453-464.
7. Carson, M. A. and M. J. Kirkby, 1972. Hillslope Form and Process. Cambridge University Press, Oxford, U.K., 475 pp.
8. Daniels, R. B., 1960. Entrenchment of the Willow Drainage Ditch, Harrison County, Iowa. American Journal of Science 258:161-176.
9. Davis, W. M., 1902. Baselevel, Grade, and Peneplain. Journal of Geology 10:77-111.
10. Elliott, J. G., 1979. Evolution of Large Arroyos, the Rio Puerco of New Mexico. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, Master of Science Thesis, 106 pp.
11. Emerson, J. W., 1971. Channelization: A Case Study. Science 172:325-326.
12. Graf, W. L., 1982. Spatial Variations in Fluvial Processes in SemiArid Lands. In: Space and Time in Geomorphology, C. E. Thorn (Editor). Publications in Geomorphology, 12, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, pp. 193-217.
13. Hadish, G. A., 1994. Stream Stabilization in Western Iowa. Iowa DOT HR-352, Golden Hills Resource Conservation and Development, Oakland, Iowa, 198 pp.
14. Hidinger, L. L. and A. E. Morgan, 1912. Drainage Problems of the Wolf, Hatchie, and South Fork Forked Deer Rivers in West Tennessee. In: The Resources of Tennessee, Tennessee Geological Survey 2(6):231-249.
15. Hupp, C. R., 1992. Riparian Vegetation Recovery Patterns Following Stream Channelization: A Geomorphic Perspective. Ecology 73:1209-1226.
16. Hupp, C. R. and A. Simon, 1991. Bank Accretion and the Development of Vegetated Depositional Surfaces Along Modified Alluvial Channels. Geomorphology 4:111-124.
17. Hupp, C. R. and A. Simon, 1986. Vegetation and Bank-Slope Development. Proceedings of the Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada, Vol. 2, pp. 5-83 to 5-92.
18. Ireland, H. A., C. F. S. Sharpe, and D. H. Eargle, 1939. Principles of Gully Erosion in the Piedmont of South Carolina. U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 633, 142 pp.
19. Keller, E. A., 1972. Development of Alluvial Stream Channels: A Five-Stage Model. Geological Society of America Bulletin 83: 1531-1536.
20. Lane, E. W., 1955. The Importance of Fluvial Morphology in Hydraulic Engineering. Proceedings, American Society of Civil Engineers 81(795):1-17.
21. Lewin, J., 1982. British Floodplains. In: Papers in Earth Studies, B. H. Aldman, C. R. Fenn, and L. Morris (Editors). GeoBooks, Norwich,Connecticut, pp. 21-37.
22. Little W. C. and J. B. Murphey, 1981. Evaluation of Streambank Erosion Control Demonstration Projects in the Bluffline Streams of Northwest Mississippi. Appendix A, Stream Stability Report to Vicksburg District. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, AD-A101-386, National Technical Information Service, 342 pp.
23. Lohnes, R. A. and R. L. Handy, 1968. Slope Angles in Friable Loess. Journal of Geology 76(3):247-258.
24. Lohnes, R. A., F. W. Klaiber, and M. D. Dougal, 1980. Alternate Methods of Stabilizing Degrading Stream Channels in Western Iowa. Iowa DOT HR-208, Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering Research Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 132 pp.
25. Luttenegger, A. J., 1987. In Situ Shear Strength of Friable Loess. In: Loess and Environment, M. Pesci (Editor). Catena Supplement9:27-34.
26. Lutton, R. J., 1974. Use of Loess Soil for Modeling Rock Mechanics. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station Reports S-74-28, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
27. Mackin, J. H., 1948. Concept of a Graded River. Geological Society of America Bulletin 59:463-511.
28. Moore, C. T., 1917. Drainage Districts in Southeastern Nebraska. In: Miscellaneous Papers, E. H. Barbour (Editor). Nebraska Geological Survey, Vol. 7, part 17, pp. 125-164.
29. Morgan, A. E. and S. H. McCrory, 1910. Drainage of the Lands Overflowed by the North and Middle Forks of the Forked Deer River, and the Rutherford Fork Obion River in Gibson County, Tennessee. Tennessee State Geological Survey Bulletin 3-B, pp. 17-43.
30. Piest, R. F., L. S. Elliott, and R. G. Spomer, 1977. Erosion of the Tarkio Drainage System, 1845-1976. Transactions, American Society of Agricultural Engineers 20:485-488.
31. Piest, R. F., C. E. Beer, and R. G. Spomer, 1976. Entrenchment of Drainage Systems in Western Iowa and Northwestern Missouri. Proceedings, Third Federal Inter-agency Sedimentation Conference, pp. 5-48 to 5-60.
32. Robbins, C. H. and A. Simon, 1983. Man-Induced Channel Adjustment of Tennessee Streams. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-4098, 129 pp.
33. Ruhe, R. V. and R. B. Daniels, 1965. Landscape Erosion-Geologic and Historic. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 20:52-57.
34. Schumm, S. A. and R. F. Hadley, 1957. Arroyos and the Semiarid Cycle of Erosion. American Journal of Science 225:161-174.
35. Schumm, S. A., M. D. Harvey, and C. C. Watson, 1984. Incised Channels, Morphology, Dynamics and Control. Water Resources Publications, Littleton, Colorado, 200 pp.
36. Simon, A., 1994. Gradation Processes and Channel Evolution in Modified West Tennessee Streams: Process, Response, and Form. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1470, 84 pp.
37. Simon, A., 1992. Energy, Time, and Channel Evolution in Catastrophically Disturbed Fluvial Systems. In: Geomorphic Systems, J. D. Phillips and W. H. Renwick (Editors). Geomorphology 5:345-372.
38. Simon, A., 1989a. The Discharge of Sediment in Channelized Alluvial Streams. Water Resources Bulletin 25(6):1177-1188.
39. Simon, A., 1989b. A Model of Channel Response in Disturbed Alluvial Channels. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 14:11-26.
40. Simon, A., 1989c. Shear-Strength Determination and Stream-Bank Instability in Loess-Derived Alluvium, West Tennessee, USA. In: Applied Quaternary Research, E. J. DeMulder and B. P. Hageman (Editors). A.A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 129-146.
41. Simon, A. and C. R. Hupp, 1992. Geomorphic and Vegetative Recovery Processes Along Modified Stream Channels of West Tennessee. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-502, 142 pp.
42. Simon, A. and C. R. Hupp, 1986. Channel Evolution in Modified Tennessee Channels. Proceedings, Fourth Federal Interagency Sedimentation Conference, Las Vegas, Nevada, March 24-27, 1986, Vol. 2, pp. 5-71 to 5-82.
43. Speer, P. R., W. J. Perry, J. A. McCabe, O. G. Lara et al., 1965. Low-Flow Characteristics of Streams in the Mississippi Embayment in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Illinois, With a Section on Quality of Water, by H. G. Jeffery. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 448-H, 36 pp.
44. Thorne, C. R., 1989. Effects of Vegetation on Riverbank Erosion and Stability. In: Vegetation and Erosion, J. B. Thornes (Editor). John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, England, pp. 125-144.
45. Thorne, C. R., J. B. Murphey, and W. C. Little, 1981. Stream Channel Stability, Appendix D, Bank Stability and Bank Material Properties in the Bluffline Streams of Northwest Mississippi: Oxford, Mississippi. U.S. Department of Agriculture Sedimentation Laboratory, 257 pp.
46. Turnbull, W. J., 1948. Utility of Loess as a Construction Material. International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 2nd, Rotterdam, Proceedings, Vol. 5, Section 4d, pp. 97-103.
47. Turnipseed, D. P. and K. V. Wilson, Jr., 1992. Channel and Bank Stability of Standing Pine Creek at State Highway 488 Near Freeny, Leake County, Mississippi. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-112, 18 pp.
48. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1995. Southeast Nebraska Streambank Erosion and Streambed Degradation Study, Omaha District.
49. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1907. Index Map of the South Fork of Forked Deer River, Tennessee, from Jackson to the Mouth. Nashville, Tennessee State Archives, scale 1:48,000, 1 sheet.
50. Vidal, H., 1969. The Principle of Reinforced Earth. Highway Research Record, Vol. 282, pp. 1-16.
51. Williams, G. P. and M. G. Wolman, 1984. Downstream Effects of Dams on Alluvial Rivers. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1286, 83 pp.
52. Wilson, K. V., 1979. Changes in Channel Characteristics, 1938-1974, of the Homochitto River and Tributaries, Mississippi. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-554, 18 pp.
53. Wilson, K. V., Jr. and D. P. Turnipseed, 1994. Geomorphic Response to Channel Modifications of Skuna River at the State Highway 9 Crossing at Bruce, Calhoun County, Mississippi. U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report, 94-4000, 43 pp.
54. Wilson, K. V., Jr. and D. P. Turnipseed, 1993. Channel-Bed and Channel-Bank Stability of Standing Pine Creek Tributary at State Highway 488 at Free Trade, Leake County, Mississippi. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-37, 20 pp.