Changing patterns of clinical malaria since 1965 among a tea estate population located in the Kenyan highlands

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 94, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 253-255

  Shanks, G D ^a,e   Biomndo, K ^b   Hay, S I ^c   Snow, R W ^c,d  

^a US Army Medical Research Unit Kenya   (United States)

^b Brooke Bond Central Hospital   (Kenya)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^d KEMRI WELLCOME TRUST RESEARCH PROGRAMME   (Kenya)

^e ARMED FORCES RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Thailand)

Author keywords

Climate change; Drug resistance; Epidemiology; Highlands; Kenya; Malaria; Plasmodium falciparum

Indexed keywords

CHLOROQUINE;

AGRICULTURAL WORKER; ARTICLE; CLIMATE; FATALITY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH SERVICE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; MIGRATION;

PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PROTOZOA;

EID: 0034121726     PISSN: 00359203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0035-9203(00)90310-9     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Greenberg, A. E., Ntumbanzondo, M., Ntula, N., Mawa, L., Howell, J. & Davachi, F. (1989). Hospital-based surveillance of malaria-related paediatric morbidity and mortality in Kinshasa, Zaire. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 67, 189-196.
2. Lindsay, S. W. & Martens, W. J. M. (1998). Malaria in the African highlands: past, present and future. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 76, 33-45.
3. Loevinsohn, M. E. (1994). Climatic warming and increased malaria incidence in Rwanda. Lancet, 343, 713-718.
4. Malakooti, M. A., Biomndo, K. & Shanks, G. D. (1998), Reemergence of epidemic highland malaria in western Kenya. Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 4, 671-676.
5. Masaba, S. C., Anyona, D. B. & Chepkwoni, D. K. (1985). In vitro response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in the Nandi District, Kenya. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 63, 593-595.
6. Mouchet, J. (1998) L'origine des épidémies de paludisme sur les plateaux de Madagascar et les montagnes d'Afrique de l'est et du sud. Bulletin de la Société Pathologie Exotique, 91, 64-66.
7. Mouchet, J., Manguin, S., Sircoulon, J., Laventure, S., Faye, O., Onapa, A. W., Carnevale, P., Julvez, J. & Fontenille, D. (1998). Evolution of malaria in Africa for the past 40 years: impact of climatic and human factors. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 14, 121-130.
8. Ng'etich, W. K. (1997). An assessment of the effects of drought in tea areas. Tea Research Foundation of Kenya. Internal Document.
9. Price, R. N., Nosten, F. Luxemburger, C., ter Kuile, F. O., Paiphun, L., Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T. & White, N. J. (1996). Effects of artemisin derivatives on malaria transmissibility. Lancet, 347, 1654-1658.
10. Rapuoda, B. A., Ouma, J. H. Njagi, K., Khan, B. & Omar, S. (1996). Status of antimalarial drug sensitivity in Kenya. Malaria and Infectious Diseases in Africa, 8, 25-43.
11. Strangeways-Dixon, D. (1950). Paludrine (proguanil) as a malarial prophylactic amongst African labour in Kenya. East African Medical Journal, 28, 1-4.
12. Trape, J. F., Pison, G., Preziosi, M. P., Enel, C., Desgrees du Lou, A., Delaunay, V., Samb, B., Lagarde, E., Molex, J. F. & Simondon, F. (1998). Impact of chloroquine resistance on malaria mortality. Comptes Rendus de L'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Série III, 321, 689-697.
13. White, N. J., Nosten, F., Looareesuwan, S., Watkins, W. M., Marsh, K., Snow, R. W., Kokwaro, G., Ouma, J., Hien, T. T., Molyneux, M. E., Taylor, T. E., Newbold, C. I., Ruebush, T. K. 2nd, Danis, M., Greenwood, B. M., Anderson, R. M. & Olliaro, P. (1999). Averting a malaria disaster. Lancet, 353, 1965-1967.