The efficacy of Toddler-Parent Psychotherapy for fostering cognitive development in offspring of depressed mothers

Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 135-148

  Cicchetti, Dante ^a,b   Rogosch, Fred A ^a   Toth, Sheree L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

^b Mt Hope Family Center   (United States)

Author keywords

Cognitive development; Maternal depression; Prevention; Toddler parent psychotherapy

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MATERNAL DISEASE; MENTAL DEVELOPMENT; MENTAL DISEASE; PSYCHOTHERAPY;

ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CHILD OF IMPAIRED PARENTS; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES; FAMILY THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; MALE; MOTHER-CHILD RELATIONS; OBJECT ATTACHMENT;

EID: 0034110126     PISSN: 00910627     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1005118713814     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Abramson, L., Metalsky, G., & Alloy, L. (1989). Hopelessness theory of depression: A theory-based subtype of depression. Psychological Review, 9, 358-372.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd edition, revised): DSM-III-R. Washington, DC: Author.
3. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
4. Bayley, N. (1969). The Bayley scales of infant development. New York: Psychological Corporation.
5. Beardslee, W. R., Versage, E. M., & Gladstone, T. R. G. (1998). Children of affectively ill parents: A review of the past 10 years. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 37, 1134-1141.
6. Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Harper & Row.
7. Beck, A. T., Steer, R., & Garbin, M. (1988). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77-100.
8. Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561-571.
9. Beeghly, M., & Cicchetti, D. (1994). Child maltreatment, attachment and the self system: Emergence of an internal state lexicon in toddlers at high social risk. Development and Psychopathology 6, 5-30.
10. Bretherton, I., & Beeghly, M. (1982). Talking about internal states: The acquisition of an explicit theory of mind. Developmental Psychology, 18, 906-921.
11. Bumberry, W., Oliver, J. M., & McClure, J. (1978). Validation of the Beck Depression Inventory in a university population using psychiatric estimate as a criterion. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 150-155.
12. Campbell, S. B., Cohn, J. F., Flanagan, C., & Popper, S. (1992). Course and correlates of postpartum depression during the transition to parenthood. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 29-47.
13. Campbell, S. B., Cohn, J. F., & Meyers, T. (1995). Depression in first-time mothers: Mother infant interaction and depression chronicity. Developmental Psychology, 31, 349-357.
14. Cicchetti, D. (1990). The organization and coherence of socioemotional, cognitive, and representational development: Illustrations through a developmental psychopathology perspective on Down Syndrome and child maltreatment. In R. Thompson (Ed.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Vol. 36. Socioemotional development (pp. 259-366). Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
15. Cicchetti, D., & Aber, J. L. (1986). Early precursors to later depression: An organizational perspective. In L. Lipsitt & C. Rovee-Collier (Eds.), Advances in infancy, Vol. 4 (pp. 81-137). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
16. Cicchetti, D., Rogosch, F. A., &Toth, S. L. (1997). Ontogenesis, depressotypic organization, and the depressive spectrum. In S. S. Luthar, J. Burack, D. Cicchetti, & J. Weisz (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: Perspectives on adjustment, risk, and disorder (pp. 273-313). New York: Cambridge University Press.
17. Cicchetti, Rogosch, F. A., Toth, S. L., & Spagnola, M. (1997). Affect, cognition, and the emergence of self-knowledge in the toddler offspring of depressed mothers. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 67, 338-362.
18. Cicchetti, D., & Schneider-Rosen, K. (1986). An organizational approach to childhood depression. In M. Rutter, C. Izard, & P. Read (Eds.), Depression in young people, clinical and developmental perspectives (pp. 71-134). New York: Guilford.
19. Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1995). Developmental psychopathology and disorders of affect. In D. Cicchetti & D. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, Vol. 2: Risk, disorder, and adaptation (pp. 369-420). New York: Wiley.
20. Cicchetti, D., & Toth, S. L. (1998). The development of depression in children and adolescents. American Psychologist, 53, 221-241.
21. Cicchetti, D., Toth, S. L., & Rogosch, F. A. (1999). Toddler-parent psychotherapy as a preventive intervention to alter attachment organization in offspring of depressed mothers. Attachment and Human Development, 1, 34-66.
22. Cogill, S., Caplan, H., Alexandra, H., Robson, K., & Kumar, R. (1986). Impact of maternal postnatal depression on cognitive development. British Medical Journal, 292, 1165-1167.
23. Cooper, P., & Murray, L. (1997). The impact of psychological treatments of postpartum depression on maternal mood and infant development. In L. Murray & P. Cooper (Eds.), Postpartum depression and child development (pp. 201-220). New York: Guilford.
24. Coster, W. J., Gersten, M. S., Beeghly, M., & Cicchetti, D. (1989). Communicative functioning in maltreated toddlers. Developmental Psychology, 25, 1020-1029.
25. Cummings, E. M., & Cicchetti, D. (1990). Attachment, depression, and the transmission of depression. In M. T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, & E. M. Cummings (Eds.), Attachment during the preschool years (pp. 339-372). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
26. Downey, G., & Coyne, J. C. (1990). Children of depressed parents: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 50-76.
27. Egeland, B., & Sroufe, L. A. (1981). Developmental sequelae of maltreatment in infancy. New Directions for Child Development, 11, 77-92.
28. Field, T. M. (1992). Infants of depressed mothers. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 49-66.
29. Fraiberg, S. (1977). Insights from the Blind. New York: Basic Books.
30. Fraiberg, S., Adelson, E., & Shapiro, V. (1975). Ghosts in the nursery: A psychoanalytic approach to impaired infant-mother relationships. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 14, 387-421.
31. Gelfand, D., Teti, D., Seiner, S. A., & Jameson, P. B. (1996). Helping mothers fight depression: Evaluation of a home-based intervention program for depressed mothers and their infants. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 25, 406-422.
32. Gersten, M., Coster, W., Schneider-Rosen, K., Carlson, V., & Cicchetti, D. (1986). The Socioemotional bases of communicative functioning: Quality of attachment, language development, and early maltreatment. In M. E. Lamb, A. L. Brown, & B. Rogoff (Eds.), Advances in developmental psychology (Vol. 4, pp. 105-151). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
33. Hay, D. F., & Kumar, R. (1995). Interpreting the effects of mothers' postnatal depression on children's intelligence: A critique and reanalysis. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 25, 165-181.
34. Hollingshead, A. (1975). Four-factor index of social status. Unpublished manuscript. Yale University, New Haven: CT.
35. Jackson, S. (1986). Melancholia and depression: From hippocratic times to modern times. New Haven: Yale University Press.
36. Kagan, J. (1981). The second year: The emergence of self-awareness. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
37. Kaplan, P. S., Bachorowski, J., & Zarlengo-Strouse, P. (1999). Child-directed speech produced by mothers with symptoms of depression fails to promote associative learning in 4-month-old infants. Child Development, 70, 560-570.
38. Lee, C. M., & Gotlib, I. H. (1991). Adjustment of children of depressed mothers: A 10-month follow-up. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 473-477.
39. Lieberman, A. F. (1991). Attachment theory and infant-parent psychotherapy: Some conceptual, clinical, and research considerations. In D. Cicchetti & S. L. Toth (Eds.), Rochester Symposium on Developmental Psychopathology, Vol. 3: Models and integrations (pp. 261-287). Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press.
40. Lieberman, A. F. (1992). Infant-parent psychotherapy with toddlers. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 559-574.
41. Lyons-Ruth, K., Connell, D., Grunebaum, H., & Botein, S. (1990). Infants at social risk: Maternal depression and family support services as mediators of infant development and security of attachment. Child Development, 61, 85-98.
42. Miller, W. (1975). Psychological deficit in depression. Psychological Bulletin, 82, 238-260.
43. Morisset, C., Barnard, K., Greenberg, M., Booth, C., & Spieker, S. (1990). Environmental influences on early language development: The context of social risk. Development and Psychopathology, 2, 127-149.
44. Murray, L. (1992). The impact of postnatal depression on infant development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 543-561.
45. Murray, L., Fiori-Cowley, A., Hooper, R., & Cooper, P. (1996). The impact of postnatal depression and associated adversity on early mother-infant interactions and later infant outcome. Child Development, 67, 2512-2526.
46. Murray, L., Hipwell, A., Hooper, R., Stein, A., & Cooper, P. (1996). The cognitive development of 5-year-old children of postnatally depressed mothers. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 927-935.
47. Murray, L., Kempton, C., Woolgar, M., & Hooper, R. (1993). Depressed mothers' speech to their infants and its relation to infant gender and cognitive development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 34, 1083-1101.
48. NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (1999). Chronicity of maternal depressive symptoms, maternal sensitivity, and child functioning at 36 months. Developmental Psychology, 35, 1297-1310.
49. Piaget, J. (1954). The construction of reality in the child (2nd edition). New York: Basic Books.
50. Radke-Yarrow, M., Belmont, B., Nottelmann, E., & Bottomly, L. (1990). Young children's self-conceptions: Origins in the natural discourse of depressed and normal mothers and their children. In D. Cicchetti & M. Beeghly (Eds.), The self in transition (pp. 345-361). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
51. Robins, L., Helzer, J., Orvaschel, H., Anthony, J., Blazer, D., Burnam, A., & Burke, J. (1985). The Diagnostic Interview Schedule. In W. Eaton & L. Kessler (Eds.), Epidemiologic field methods in psychiatry (pp. 143-170). New York, NY: Academic Press.
52. Ryan, R., Deci, E., & Grolnick, W. (1995). Autonomy, relatedness, and the self: The relation to development and psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, Volume 1: Theory and methods (pp. 618-655). New York: Wiley.
53. Sameroff, A. J., Seifer, R., Barocas, R., Zax, M., & Greenspan, S. (1987). Intelligence quotient scores of 4 year children: Social-environmental risk factors. Pediatrics, 79, 343-350.
54. Sharp, D., Hay, D., Pawlby, S., Schmucker, G., Allen, H., & Kumar, R. (1995). The impact of postnatal depression on boys' intellectual development. Journal of child psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 1315-1336.
55. Teti, D. M., Gelfand, D. M., Messinger, D. S., & Isabella, R. (1995). Maternal depression and the quality of early attachment: An examination of infants, preschoolers, and their mothers. Developmental Psychology, 31, 364-376.
56. Wechsler, D. (1989). Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Revised Manual. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation.
57. Weissman, M.M., & Paykel, E. S. (1974). The depressed woman: A study of social relationships. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
58. Weissman, M. M., Warner, V., Wickramaratne, P., Moreau, D., & Olfson, M. (1997). Offspring of depressed parents 10 years later. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 932-940.