Race and sex differences in the management of coronary artery disease

American Heart Journal

Volumn 139, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 848-857

  Sheifer, Stuart E ^a   Escarce, Jose J ^b   Schulman, Kevin A ^c  

^a GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b RAND CORPORATION   (United States)

^c DUKE CLINICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFT; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HUMAN; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; PATIENT CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE DIFFERENCE; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIOECONOMICS; TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY;

EID: 0034109307     PISSN: 00028703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0002-8703(00)90017-6     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. 1. American Heart Association. 1998 heart and stroke statistical update. Dallas: American Heart Association; 1997.
2. 2. Gillum RF. Coronary heart disease in black populations: mortality and morbidity. Am Heart J 1982;104:839-51.
3. 3. Douglas P. Coronary artery disease in women. In: Braunwald E, editor. Heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1997. p. 1704-14.
4. 4. Kannel WB, Sorlie P, McNamara PM. Prognosis after initial myocardial infarction: the Framingham Study. Am J Cardiol 1979;44:53-9.
5. 5. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, et al. Effects of gender and race on prognosis after myocardial infarction: adverse prognosis for women, particularly black women. J Am Coll Cardiol 1987;9:473-82.
6. 6. Braunwald E. Shattuck lecture - cardiovascular medicine at the turn of the millennium: triumphs, concerns, and opportunities. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1360-9.
7. 7. Oberman A, Cutter G. Issues in the natural history and treatment of coronary heart disease in black populations: surgical treatment. Am Heart J 1984;108:688-94.
8. 8. Ford ES, Cooper RS. Racial/ethnic differences in health care utilization of cardiovascular procedures: a review of the evidence. Health Serv Res 1995;30:237-52.
9. 9. Maynard C, Fisher LD, Passamani ER, et al. Blacks in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS): race and clinical decision making. Am J Public Health 1986;76:1446-8.
10. 10. Ford E, Cooper R, Castaner A, et al. Coronary arteriography and coronary bypass surgery among whites and other racial groups relative to hospital-based incidence rates for coronary artery disease: findings from NHDS. Am J Public Health 1989;79:437-40.
11. 11. Wenneker MB, Epstein AM. Racial inequalities in the use of procedures for patients with ischemic heart disease in Massachusetts. JAMA 1989;261:253-7.
12. 12. Hannan EL, Kilburn H, O'Donnell JF, et al. Interracial access to selected cardiac procedures for patients hospitalized with coronary artery disease in New York State. Med Care 1991;29:430-41.
13. 13. Goldberg KC, Hartz AJ, Jacobsen SJ, et al. Racial and community factors influencing coronary artery bypass graft surgery rates for all 1986 Medicare patients. JAMA 1992;267:1473-7.
14. 14. Udvarhelyi IS, Gatsonis C, Epstein AM, et al. Acute myocardial infarction in the Medicare population: processes of care and clinical outcomes. JAMA 1992;268:2530-6.
15. 15. Whittle J, Conigliaro J, Good CB, et al. Racial differences in the use of invasive cardiovascular procedures in the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical System. N Engl J Med 1993;329:621-7.
16. 16. Peterson ED, Wright SM, Daley J. et al. Racial variation in cardiac procedure use and survival following myocardial infarction in the Department of Veterans Affairs. JAMA 1994;271:1175-80.
17. 17. McBean AM, Warren JL, Babish JD. Continuing differences in the rates of percutaneous coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft surgery between elderly black and white Medicare beneficiaries. Am Heart J 1994;127:287-95.
18. 18. Giles WH, Anda RF, Casper ML, et al. Race and sex differences in rates of invasive cardiac procedures in US hospitals: data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Arch Intern Med 1995;155: 318-24.
19. 19. Gornick ME, Eggers PW, Reilly TW, et al. Effects of race and income on mortality and use of services among Medicare beneficiaries. N Engl J Med 1996;335:791-7.
20. 20. Carlisle DM, Leake BD, Shapiro MF. Racial and ethnic differences in the use of invasive cardiac procedures among cardiac patients in Los Angeles County, 1986 through 1988. Am J Public Health 1995;85:352-6.
21. 21. Ferguson JA, Tierney WM, Westmoreland GR, et al. Examination of racial differences in management of cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30:1707-13.
22. 22. Maynard C, Every NR, Martin JS, et al. Long-term implications of racial differences in the use of revascularization procedures (the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry). Am Heart J 1997;134:656-62.
23. 23. Peterson ED, Shaw LK, DeLong ER, et al. Racial variation in the use of coronary-revascularization procedures. Are the differences real? Do they matter? N Engl J Med 1997;336:480-6.
24. 24. Sedlis SP, Fisher VJ, Tice D, et al. Racial differences in performance of invasive cardiac procedures in a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. J Clin Epidemiol 1997;50:8999-01.
25. 25. Taylor AJ, Meyer GS, Morse RW, et al. Can characteristics of a health care system mitigate ethnic bias in access to cardiovascular procedures? Experience from the Military Health Services System. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;30:901-7.
26. 26. Zhang J, Yu KF. What's the relative risk? A method of correcting the odds ratio in cohort studies of common outcomes. JAMA 1998;1690-1.
27. 27. Laouri M, Kravitz RL, French WJ, et al. Underuse of coronary revascularization procedures: application of a clinical method. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:891-7.
28. 28. Leape LL, Hilborne LH, Bell R, et al. Underuse of cardiac procedures: do women, ethnic minorities, and the uninsured fail to receive needed revascularization? Ann Intern Med 1999;130:183-92.
29. 29. Stone PH, Thompson B, Anderson HV, et al. Influence of race, sex, and age on management of unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: the TIMI III registry. JAMA 1996;275:1104-12.
30. 30. Weitzman S, Cooper L, Chambless L, et al. Gender, racial, and geographic differences in the performance of cardiac diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for hospitalized acute myocardial infarction in four states. Am J Cardiol 1997;79:722-6.
31. 31. Allison JJ, Kiefe Cl, Center RM, et al. Racial differences in the medical treatment of elderly Medicare patients with acute myocardial infarction. J Gen Int Med 1996;11:736-43.
32. 32. Gillum RF, Gillum BS, Francis CK. Coronary revascularization and cardiac catheterization in the United States: Trends in Racial Differences. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:1557-62.
33. 33. Anderson R. Revisiting the behavioral model and access to medical care: Does it matter? J Health and Social Behavior 1995;36:1-10.
34. 34. Schulman KA, Rubenstein LE, Chesley FD, Eisenberg JM. The roles of race and socioeconomic factors in health services reseaOrch. Health Serv Res 1995;30:179-95.
35. 35. Blustein J, Weitzman BC. Access to hospitals with high-technology cardiac services: how is race important? Am J Public Health 1995; 85:345-51.
36. 36. Every N, Larson EB, Litwin PE. The association between on-site cardiac catheterization facilities and the use of coronary angiography after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1992;329:546-51.
37. 37. Blustein J. High-technology cardiac procedures: the impact of service availability on service use in New York state. JAMA 1993;270:344-9.
38. 38. Gregory PM, Rhoads GG, Wilson AC, et al. Impact of availability of hospital-based invasive cardiac services on racial differences in the use of these services. Am Heart J 1999;138:507-17.
39. 39. Carlisle DM, Leake BD, Shapiro MF. Racial and ethnic disparities in the use of cardiovascular procedures: associations with type of health insurance. Am J Public Health 1997;87:263-7.
40. 40. Daumit GL, Hermann JA, Coresh J, Powe NR. Use of cardiovascular procedures among black persons and white persons: a 7-year nationwide study in patients with renal disease. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:173-82.
41. 41. Schecter AD, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, McKee G, et al. Influence of gender, race, and education on patient preferences and receipt of cardiac catheterizations among coronary care unit patients. Am J Cardiol 1996;78:996-1001.
42. 42. Whittle J, Conigliaro J, Good CB, et al. Do patient preferences contribute to racial differences in cardiovascular procedure use. J Gen Intern Med 1997;12:267-73.
43. 43. Thomson GE. Discrimination in health care [editorial]. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:910-2.
44. 44. Escarce JJ, Epstein KR, Colby DC, et al. Health care reform and minorities: why universal insurance won't equalize access. Leonard Davis Institute of Health Policy Research Quarterly 1993;3:1-2.
45. 45. Schulman KA, Berlin JA, Harless W, et al. The effect of race and sex on physicians' recommendations for cardiac catheterization. N Engl J Med 1999;340:618-26.
46. 46. Tobin JA, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Wexler JP, et al. Sex bias in considering coronary bypass surgery. Ann Intern Med 1987;107: 19-25.
47. 47. Ayanian JZ, Epstein AM. Differences in the use of procedures between women and men hospitalized for coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 1991;325:221-5.
48. 48. Bickell NA, Pieper KS, Lee KL, et al. Referral patterns for coronary artery disease treatment: gender bias or good clinical judgement? Ann Intern Med 1992;116:791-7.
49. 49. Steingart RM, Packer M, Hamm P, et al. Sex differences in the management of coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 1991;325:226-30.
50. 50. Krumholz HM, Douglas PS, Lauer MS, Pasternak RC. Selection of patients for coronary angiography and coronary revascularization early after myocardial infarction: is there evidence for a gender bias? Ann Intern Med 1992;116:785-90.
51. 51. Maynard C, Litwin PE, Martin JS, Weaver WD. Gender differences in the treatment and outcome of acute myocardial infarction: results from the Myocardial Infarction Triage and Intervention Registry. Arch Intern Med 1992;152:972-6.
52. 52. Chiriboga DE, Yarzebski J, Goldberg RJ, et al. A community-wide perspective of gender differences and temporal trends in the use of diagnostic and revascularization procedures for acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1993;71:268-73.
53. 53. Kostis JB, Wilson AC, O'Dowd K, et al. Sex differences in the management and long-term outcome of acute myocardial infarction: a statewide study. Circulation 1994;90:1715-30.
54. 54. Shaw LJ, Miller D, Romeis JC, et al. Gender differences in the noninvasive evaluation and management of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Ann Intern Med 1994;120:559-66.
55. 55. Chandra NC, Ziegelstein RC, Rogers WJ, et al. Observations of the treatment of women in the United States with myocardial infarction: a report from the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:981-8.
56. 56. Pagley PR, Yarzebski J, Goldberg R, et al. Gender differences in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction: a multihospital, community-based perspective. Arch Intern Med 1993;153:625-9.
57. 57. Jackson RE, Anderson WA, Peacock WF, et al. Effect of a patient's sex on the timing of thrombolytic therapy. Ann Emerg Med 1996; 27:8-15.
58. 58. McLaughlin TJ, Soumerai SB, Willison DJ, et al. Adherence to national guidelines for drug treatment of suspected acute myocardial infarction: evidence for undertreatment in women and the elderly. Arch Intern Med 1996;156:799-805.
59. 59. Maynard C, Althouse R, Cerqueira M, et al. Underutilization of thrombolytic therapy in eligible women with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1991;68:529-30.
60. 60. Bearden D, Allman R, McDonald R, et al. Age, race, and gender variation in the utilization of coronary artery bypass surgery and angioplasty in SHEP. J Am Geriatr Soc 1994;42:1143-9.
61. 61. Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association. Gender disparities in clinical decision making. JAMA 1991; 266:559-62.
62. 62. Healy B. The Yentl syndrome [editorial]. N Engl J Med 1991; 325:274-5.
63. 63. Goldberg RJ, O'Donnell C, Yarzebski J, et al. Sex differences in symptom presentation associated with acute myocardial infarction: a population-based perspective. Am Heart J 1998;136:189-95.
64. 64. Peterson ED, Alexander KP. learning to suspect the unexpected: evaluating women with cardiac syndromes [editorial]. Am Heart J 1998;136:186-8.
65. 65. Wenger NK. Gender, coronary artery disease, and coronary bypass surgery [editorial]. Ann Intern Med 1990;112:557-8.
66. 66. Bernstein B, Kane R. Physicians' attitudes toward female patients. Med Care 1981;19:600-8.
67. 67. Lincoff AM, Califf RM, Ellis SG, et al. Thrombolytic therapy for women with myocardial infarction: is there a gender gap? J Am Coll Cardiol 1993;22:1780-7.
68. 68. Vaccarino V, Parsons L, Every NR, et al. Sex-based differences in early mortality after myocardial infarction. National Registry of Myocardial Infarction 2. N Engl J Med 1999;341:217-25.
69. 69. Davis RM. "Healthy People 2010": national health objectives for the United States. BMJ 1998;317:1513-7.