Impact severity in self-initiated sits and falls associates with center-of-gravity excursion during descent

Journal of Biomechanics

Volumn 33, Issue 7, 2000, Pages 863-870

  Robinovitch, Stephen N ^a   Chiu, James ^a   Sandler, Reuben ^a   Liu, Qi ^a  

^a SAN FRANCISCO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Balance; Falls; Hip fracture; Impact; Joint kinetics

Indexed keywords

JOINTS (ANATOMY); KINEMATICS; KINETIC ENERGY;

CENTER OF GRAVITY; IMPACT SEVERITY;

BIOMECHANICS;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FALLING; FEMALE; HIP FRACTURE; HUMAN; INJURY SCALE; JOINT FUNCTION; KINETICS; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ACCIDENTAL FALLS; ADULT; BIOMECHANICS; BIOPHYSICS; ENERGY TRANSFER; FEMALE; HIP FRACTURES; HUMANS; MALE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; MOVEMENT; MUSCULOSKELETAL EQUILIBRIUM; ROTATION; TORQUE;

EID: 0034105234     PISSN: 00219290     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00025-7     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Borges O. Isometric and isokinetic knee extension and flexion torque in men and women aged 20-70. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 21:1989;45-53.
2. Courtney A.C., Wachtel E.F., Myers E.R., Hayes W.C. Age-related reductions in the strength of the femur tested in a fall-loading configuration. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [Am]. 77:1995;387-395.
3. Cummings S.R., Nevitt M.C. A hypothesis: the cause of hip fractures. Journal of Gerontology. 44:1989;107-111.
4. Greenspan S.L., Myers E.R., Maitland L.A., Resnick N.M., Hayes W.C. Fall severity and bone mineral density as risk factors for hip fracture in ambulatory elderly. JAMA. 271:1994;128-133.
5. Grisso J.A., Kelsey J.L., Strom B.L., Chu G.Y., Maislin G., O'Brien L.A., Hoffman S., Kaplan F., Group T.N.H.F.S. Risk factors for falls as a cause of hip fracture in women. New England Journal of Medicine. 324:1991;1326-1331.
6. Hsiao E.T., Robinovitch S.N. Common protective movements govern unexpected falls from standing height. Journal of Biomechanics. 31:1998;1-9.
7. Larsson L., Grimby G., Karlsson J. Muscle strength and speed of movement in relation to age and muscle morphology. Journal of Applied Physiology. 46:1979;451-456.
8. Lauritzen J.B., Askegaard V. Protection against hip fractures by energy absorption. Danish Medical Bulletin. 39:1992;91-93.
9. Lotz J.C., Hayes W.C. The use of quantitative computed tomography to estimate risk of fracture of the hip from falls. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [Am]. 72:1990;689-700.
10. Murray M.P., Duthie E.H. Jr., Gambert S.R., Sepic S.B., Mollinger L.A. Age-related differences in knee muscle strength in normal women. Journal of Gerontology. 40:1985;275-280.
11. Nevitt M.C., Cummings S.R. Type of fall and risk of hip and wrist fractures. the study of osteoporotic fractures Journal of American Geriatrics Society. 41:1993;1226-1234.
12. Robinovitch S.N., Hayes W.C., McMahon T.A. Prediction of femoral impact forces in falls on the hip. Journal of Biomechnical Engineering. 113:1991;366-374.
13. Robinovitch S.N., McMahon T.A., Hayes W.C. Force attenuation and energy absorption by soft tissues during falls on the hip. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 13:1996;956-962.
14. Sattin R.W. Falls among older persons: a public health perspective. Annual Review of Public Health. 13:1992;489-508.
15. Schultz A.B. Mobility impairment in the elderly: challenges for biomechanics research. Journal of Biomechanics. 25:1992;519-528.
16. Spaite D.W., Criss E.A., Valenzuela T.D., Meislin H.W., Ross J. Geriatic injury. an analysis of prehospital demographics, mechanisms, and patterns Annals of Emergency Medicine. 19:1990;1418-1421.
17. Stalberg E., Borges O., Ericsson M., Essen-Gustavsson B., Fawcett P.R.W., Nordesjo L.O., Nordegren B., Uhlin R. The quadriceps femoris muscle in 20-70 years-old subjects. relationship between knee extension torque, electrophysiological parameters, and muscle fiber characteristics Muscle and Nerve. 12:1989;382-389.
18. Tinetti M.E., Speechley M., Ginter S.F. Risk factors for falls among elderly persons living in the community. New England Journal of Medicine. 319:1988;1701-1707.
19. van den Kroonenberg A., Hayes W.C., McMahon T.A. Hip impact velocities and body configurations for experimental falls from standing height. Journal of Biomechnics. 29:1996;807-811.