Equatorward spreading of a passive tracer with application to North Pacific interdecadal temperature variations

Journal of Oceanography

Volumn 56, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 173-183

  Nonaka, Masami ^a   Xie, Shang Ping ^b   Takeuchi, Kensuke ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII   (United States)

^b HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Interdecadal variation; North Pacific; Subduction process; Subtropics; Tropics

Indexed keywords

DECADAL VARIATION; EQUATORIAL DYNAMICS; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TEMPERATURE ANOMALY; TRACER;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0034103740     PISSN: 09168370     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1011135113079     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Butt, J. and E. Lindstrom (1994): Currents off the east coast of New Ireland, Papua New Guinea, and their relevance to regional undercurrents in the Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12503-12514.
2. Cox, M. D. (1987): Isopycnal diffusion in a z-coordinate ocean model. Ocean Modeling, 74, 1-5.
3. Deser, C., M. A. Alexander and M. S. Timlin (1996): Upper-ocean thermal variations in the North Pacific during 1970-1991. J. Climate, 9, 1840-1855.
4. Fu, L.-L. and R. D. Smith (1996): Global ocean circulation from satellite altimetry and high-resolution computer simulation. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 2625-2636.
5. Gill, A. E., J. S. A. Green and A. J. Simmons (1974): Energy partition in the large-scale ocean circulation and the production of mid-ocean eddies. Deep-Sea Res., 21, 499-528.
6. Gu, D. and S. G. H. Philander (1997): Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend on exchanges between the tropics and extratropics. Science, 275, 805-807.
7. Hellerman, S. and M. Rosenstein (1983): Normal monthly wind stress over the world ocean with error estimates. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 1093-1104.
8. Levitus, S. and T. P. Boyer (1994): World Ocean Atlas 1994, Vol. 4, Temperature. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, 117 pp., U.S. Dep. of Commer., Washington, D.C.
9. Levitus, S., R. Burgett and T. P. Boyer (1994): World Ocean Atlas 1994, Vol. 3, Salinity. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, 97 pp., U.S. Dep. of Commer., Washington, D.C.
10. Lindstrom, E., R. Lukas, R. Fine, E. Firing, S. Godfrey, G. Meyers and M. Tsuchiya (1987): The western equatorial Pacific Ocean circulation study. Nature, 330, 533-537.
11. Liu, Z. (1994): A Simple model of the mass exchange between the subtropical and tropical ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1153-1165.
12. Liu, Z. (1999): Forced planetary wave response in a thermocline gyre. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1036-1055.
13. Liu, Z. and J. Pedlosky (1994): Themocline forced by annual and decadal surface temperature variation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 587-608.
14. Lu, P. and J. P. McCreary (1995): Influence of the ITCZ on the flow of the thermocline water from the subtropical to the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 3076-3088.
15. Lukas, R., E. Firing, P. Hacker, P. Richardson, C. Collins, R. Fine and R. Gammon (1991): Observations of the Mindanao Current during the western Equatorial Pacific Ocean circulation study. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 7089-7104.
16. McCreary, J. P. and P. Lu (1994): Interaction between the subtropical and equatorial ocean circulations: The subtropical cell. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 466-497.
17. Minobe, S. (1999): Resonance in bidecadal and pentadecadal climate oscillaions over the North Pacific: Role in climatic regime shifts. Geophs. Res. Lett., 26, 855-858.
18. Nakamura, H., G. Lin and T. Yamagata (1997): Decadal climate variability in the North Pacific during the recent decades. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2215-2225.
19. Nitta, T. and S. Yamada (1989): Recent warming of tropical sea surface temperature and its relationship to the northern hemisphere circulation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 67, 375-383.
20. Nonaka, M. and K. Takeuchi (1999): Tropical subsurface salinity and tritium distribution in a Pacific GCM: Their differences and formation mechanisms (in preparation).
21. Pacanowski, R. C., K. W. Dixon and A. Rosati (1991): The GFDL Modular Ocean Model Users Guide. GFDL Ocean Group Tech. Rep. No. 2.
22. Redi, M. (1982): Oceanic isopycnal mixing by coordinate rotation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 1154-1158.
23. Rothstein, L. M., R.-H. Zhang, A. J. Busalacchi and D. Chen (1998): A numerical simulation of the mean water pathways in the subtropical and tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 322-342.
24. Schneider, N., A. J. Miller, M. A. Alexander and C. Deser (1999): Subduction of decadal North Pacific temperature anomalies: Observations and dynamics. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1056-1070.
25. Stommel, H. (1979): Determination of water mass properties of water pumped down from the Ekman layer to the geostrophic flow below. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76, 3051-3055.
26. Talley, L. D. (1988): Potential vorticity distribution in the North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 89-106.
27. Tanimoto, Y., N. Iwasaka, K. Hanawa and Y. Toba (1993): Characteristic variations of sea surface temperature with multiple time scales in the North Pacific. J. Climate, 6, 1153-1160.
28. Trenberth, K. E. and J. W. Hurrell (1994): Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dyn., 9, 303-319.
29. Xie, S.-P. (1994): Oceanic response to the wind forcing associated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone in the northern hemisphere. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20393-20402.
30. Yasuda, T. and K. Hanawa (1997): Decadal changes in the mode water in the midlatitude North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 27, 858-870.
31. Zhang, R.-H., L. M. Rothstein and A. J. Busalacchi (1998): Origin of warming and El Nino change on decadal scales in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Nature, 391, 879-883.