Large animal toxicology: Introduction and general principles

International Journal of Toxicology

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 129-132

  Gad, Shayne C ^a  

^a Gad Consulting Services   (United States)

Author keywords

Dogs; Ferrets; Large Animals; Nonrodents; Pigs; Primates

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL WELFARE; CONFERENCE PAPER; DOG; EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL; LETHALITY; NONHUMAN; PRIMATE; RESEARCH; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; SWINE; TOXICITY TESTING;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS; CAVIA PORCELLUS; MUSTELA; ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS; PRIMATES; RODENTIA; SUS SCROFA;

EID: 0034095099     PISSN: 10915818     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/109158100224944     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (23)

1. Anderson, P. D., and L. J. Weber. 1975. Toxic response as a quantitative function of body size. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 33:471-481.
2. Angervall, L., and E. Carlstrom. 1963. Theoretical criteria for the use of relative organ weights and similar ratios in biology. J. Theoret. Biol. 4:254-259.
3. Animal Welfare Act of 1987, PL 99-198, CFR 9 (Vol. 52, No. 61:10292-10322).
4. Baker, H. J., J. R. Lindsey, and S. H. Weisbroth. 1979. The Laboratory Rat, vol. I, 411-412. New York: Academic Press.
5. Bartek, M. J., J. A. LaBudde, and H. I. Maibach. 1972. Skin permeability in vivo. Comparison in rat, rabbit, pig and man. J. Invest. Dermatol. 58: 114-123.
6. Benedict, F. C. 1938. Vita Energetics: A study in comparative basal metabolism. Carnegie Institute 503:1-215.
7. Borzelleca, J. F. 1984. Extrapolation of animal data to man. In Concepts in Toxicology, ed. A. S. Tegeris, vol. I, 294-304. New York: Krager.
8. Boxenbaum, H. 1982. Interspecies scaling, allometry, physiological time and the ground plan of pharmacokinetics. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharmacol. 10:201-227.
9. Calabese, E. J. 1983. Principles of animal extrapolation. New York: Wiley.
10. Campbell, R. L., and R. D. Bruce. 1981. Comparative dermatotoxicology. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 59:555-563.
11. Clayson, D. B. 1988. Needs for biological risks assessment in interspecies extrapolation. Environ. Health Perspect. 77:93-97.
12. Dauterman, W. C. 1980. Physiological factors affecting metabolism of xenobiotics. In Introduction to biochemical toxicology, eds. E. Hodgeson and F. E. Guthrie. New York: Elsevier.
13. Davidson, I. W. F., J. C. Parker, and R. P. Beliles. 1986. Biological basis for extrapolation across animal species. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 6:211-237.
14. Fara, J. W., L. D. Anderson, A. C. T. Casper, and R. E. Myrback. 1988. Assessment and validation of animal models to evaluate topical effects of substances on gastrointestinal mucosa. Pharmaceut. Res. 5:165-170.
15. Gad, S. C., and C. P. Chengelis. 1992. Animal models in toxicology. New York: Marcel Dekker.
16. Gad, S. C., and C. P. Chengelis. 1997. Acute toxicology: Principals and methods, 2nd ed. La Jolla, CA: Academic Press.
17. Gad, S. C., and C. S. Weil. 1980. Statistical analysis of body weight - A reply. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 57:335-337.
18. Garattini, S. 1985. Toxic effects of chemicals: Difficulties in extrapolating data from animals to man. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 16:1-29.
19. National Institutes of Health. 1985. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. HHS Publication No. 85-23. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C., 1996.
20. Nixon, G. A., C. A. Tyson, and W. C. Wertz. 1975. Interspecies comparisons of skin irritancy. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 31:481-490.
21. Plaa, G. L. 1976. Animal models in the safety evaluation process. Austral. J. Pharm. Sci. NSS:57-63.
22. Rall, D. P. 1979. Relevance of animal experiments to humans. Environ. Health Perspect. 32: 297-300.
23. Spector, W. S. 1956. Handbook of Biological Data. Philadelphia: Saunders.