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6f complex) was unstable. The instability of the petD mRNA in the mutant background was a consequence of an element located in the 5′ untranslated region of the mRNA. This element seems to promote 5′ to 3′ exoribonuclease degradation of the mRNA in the absence of a binding protein, possibly the MCD1 gene product.
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6f complex) was unstable. The instability of the petD mRNA in the mutant background was a consequence of an element located in the 5′ untranslated region of the mRNA. This element seems to promote 5′ to 3′ exoribonuclease degradation of the mRNA in the absence of a binding protein, possibly the MCD1 gene product.
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Plant J
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Drager, R.G.1
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A poly(A) binding protein functions in the chloroplast as a message-specific translation factor
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A 47 kDa polypeptide was identified that binds to the 5′ untranslated region of the chloroplast psbA mRNA (encoding the D1 protein of photosystem II). This protein, which might be involved in controlling the light-regulated translation of the psbA mRNA, is a member of the polyA-binding protein family. PolyA-binding proteins are thought to bind the 3′ polyA tail of cytoplasmic mRNAs in eukaryotes and to have a role in translational control. The data in this paper suggest that members of the polyA-binding protein family can also interact with chloroplast messages and possibly modulate their translation.
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Yohn C.B., Cohen A., Danon A., Mayfield S.P. A poly(A) binding protein functions in the chloroplast as a message-specific translation factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:1998;2238-2243. A 47 kDa polypeptide was identified that binds to the 5′ untranslated region of the chloroplast psbA mRNA (encoding the D1 protein of photosystem II). This protein, which might be involved in controlling the light-regulated translation of the psbA mRNA, is a member of the polyA-binding protein family. PolyA-binding proteins are thought to bind the 3′ polyA tail of cytoplasmic mRNAs in eukaryotes and to have a role in translational control. The data in this paper suggest that members of the polyA-binding protein family can also interact with chloroplast messages and possibly modulate their translation.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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Yohn, C.B.1
Cohen, A.2
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Translation of the chloroplast psbA mRNA requires the nuclear-encoded poly(A)-binding protein, RB47
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Yohn C.B., Cohen A., Rosch C., Kuchka M.R., Mayfield S.P. Translation of the chloroplast psbA mRNA requires the nuclear-encoded poly(A)-binding protein, RB47. J Cell Biol. 142:1998;435-442.
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Yohn, C.B.1
Cohen, A.2
Rosch, C.3
Kuchka, M.R.4
Mayfield, S.P.5
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44
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0032516017
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Translation of cytochrome f is autoregulated through the 5′ untranslated region of petA mRNA in Chlamydomonas chloroplasts
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6f complex is diminished when other subunits of the complex are not synthesized. This process, termed CES (control of epistasy of synthesis), involves autoregulation at the level of translation. It appears to be mediated by either direct or indirect interaction of the 5′ untranslated region of the cytochrome f mRNA (petA mRNA) with the C-terminal domain of unassembled cytochrome f. The CES mechanism might also be important for controlling the synthesis of other multi-protein complexes in the chloroplast.
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6f complex is diminished when other subunits of the complex are not synthesized. This process, termed CES (control of epistasy of synthesis), involves autoregulation at the level of translation. It appears to be mediated by either direct or indirect interaction of the 5′ untranslated region of the cytochrome f mRNA (petA mRNA) with the C-terminal domain of unassembled cytochrome f. The CES mechanism might also be important for controlling the synthesis of other multi-protein complexes in the chloroplast.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
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Choquet, Y.1
Stern, D.B.2
Wostrikoff, K.3
Kuras, R.4
Girard-Bascou, J.5
Wollman, F.-A.6
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45
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0033133576
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Identification of cis-acting RNA leader elements required for chloroplast psbD gene expression in Chlamydomonas
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Site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify RNA stability determinants in the psbD transcript (which encodes the D2 polypeptide of the reaction center of photosystem II). Other elements in the mRNA were shown to alter translation but not RNA stability. These results suggest that the post-transcriptional regulation of psbD expression might involve both translational control and mRNA turnover.
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Nickelsen J., Fleischmann M., Boudreau E., Rahire M., Rochaix J.-D. Identification of cis-acting RNA leader elements required for chloroplast psbD gene expression in Chlamydomonas. Plant Cell. 11:1999;957-970. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify RNA stability determinants in the psbD transcript (which encodes the D2 polypeptide of the reaction center of photosystem II). Other elements in the mRNA were shown to alter translation but not RNA stability. These results suggest that the post-transcriptional regulation of psbD expression might involve both translational control and mRNA turnover.
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Plant Cell
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Nickelsen, J.1
Fleischmann, M.2
Boudreau, E.3
Rahire, M.4
Rochaix, J.-D.5
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46
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0032866077
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Mutations altering the predicted secondary structure of a chloroplast 5′ untranslated region affect its physical and biochemical properties as well as its ability to promote translation of reporter mRNAs both in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast and in Esherichia coli
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Fargo D.C., Boynton J.E., Gillham N.W. Mutations altering the predicted secondary structure of a chloroplast 5′ untranslated region affect its physical and biochemical properties as well as its ability to promote translation of reporter mRNAs both in the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast and in Esherichia coli. Mol Cell Biol. 19:1999;6980-6990.
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Fargo, D.C.1
Boynton, J.E.2
Gillham, N.W.3
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47
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0031827439
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Tip loci: Six Chlamydomonas nuclear suppressors that permit the translocation of proteins with mutant thylakoid signal sequences
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Mutations in the leader sequence of the cytochrome f protein that inhibit its translocation into the photosynthetic membranes and prevent photoautotrophic growth are defined. Suppressors of the mutant phenotype were generated that define six nuclear loci. Both biochemical analysis of the mutants and sequence characterization of the genes altered in the suppressor strains will elucidate the apparatus of the photosynthetic membranes that is involved in protein translocation.
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Bernd K.K., Kohorn B.D. Tip loci: six Chlamydomonas nuclear suppressors that permit the translocation of proteins with mutant thylakoid signal sequences. Genetics. 149:1998;1293-1301. Mutations in the leader sequence of the cytochrome f protein that inhibit its translocation into the photosynthetic membranes and prevent photoautotrophic growth are defined. Suppressors of the mutant phenotype were generated that define six nuclear loci. Both biochemical analysis of the mutants and sequence characterization of the genes altered in the suppressor strains will elucidate the apparatus of the photosynthetic membranes that is involved in protein translocation.
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Genetics
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Bernd, K.K.1
Kohorn, B.D.2
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48
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0032068061
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The regulation of photosynthetic electron transport during nutrient deprivation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
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B-nonreducing centers, a decline in the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II and a decreased efficiency of excitation energy transfer to the photosystem II reaction centers.
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B-nonreducing centers, a decline in the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II and a decreased efficiency of excitation energy transfer to the photosystem II reaction centers.
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Plant Physiol
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Wykoff, D.D.1
Davies, J.P.2
Grossman, A.R.3
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50
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Chlamydomonas xanthophyll cycle mutants identified by video imaging of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching
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Niyogi K., Björkman O., Grossman A.R. Chlamydomonas xanthophyll cycle mutants identified by video imaging of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching. Plant Cell. 9:1997;1369-1380.
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Niyogi, K.1
Björkman, O.2
Grossman, A.R.3
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51
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0032125062
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Arabidopsis mutants define a central role for the xanthophyll cycle in the regulation of photosynthetic energy conversion
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A video-imaging system developed for use with Chlamydomonas was used to screen Arabidopsis plants for alterations in non-photochemical quenching. This screen resulted in the isolation of mutants that are defective in the xanthophyll cycle. The npq1 mutant, which was unable to convert violaxanthin to zeaxanthin in intense light, was more severely limited in its ability to dissipate excess excitation than the analogous mutant in Chlamydomonas. Hence, although both Chlamydomonas and Arabidopsis use the xanthophyll cycle for the dissipation of excess excitation, the proportions of excess excitation energy that is dissipated in this way seems to differ in the two organisms.
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Niyogi K.K., Grossman A.R., Björkman O. Arabidopsis mutants define a central role for the xanthophyll cycle in the regulation of photosynthetic energy conversion. Plant Cell. 10:1998;1121-1134. A video-imaging system developed for use with Chlamydomonas was used to screen Arabidopsis plants for alterations in non-photochemical quenching. This screen resulted in the isolation of mutants that are defective in the xanthophyll cycle. The npq1 mutant, which was unable to convert violaxanthin to zeaxanthin in intense light, was more severely limited in its ability to dissipate excess excitation than the analogous mutant in Chlamydomonas. Hence, although both Chlamydomonas and Arabidopsis use the xanthophyll cycle for the dissipation of excess excitation, the proportions of excess excitation energy that is dissipated in this way seems to differ in the two organisms.
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(1998)
Plant Cell
, vol.10
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Niyogi, K.K.1
Grossman, A.R.2
Björkman, O.3
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52
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0343851071
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A pigment binding protein essential for regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting
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The authors show that the gene encoding PSBS, which is a chlorophyll-binding protein that is intrinsic to photosystem II, is necessary for the dissipation of excess absorbed light energy, but is not required for photosynthetic oxygen evolution. A four membrane-helix PSBS-like protein was probably the evolutionary precursor of the three membrane-helix LHC proteins, the major components of the light harvesting antennae. These findings suggest that the function of energy dissipation may have evolved prior to the current-day light-harvesting function found in vascular plants.
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Li X.-P., Bjôrkman O., Shih C., Grossman A.R., Rosenquist M., Jansson S., Niyogi K.K. A pigment binding protein essential for regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting. Nature. 403:2000;391-395. The authors show that the gene encoding PSBS, which is a chlorophyll-binding protein that is intrinsic to photosystem II, is necessary for the dissipation of excess absorbed light energy, but is not required for photosynthetic oxygen evolution. A four membrane-helix PSBS-like protein was probably the evolutionary precursor of the three membrane-helix LHC proteins, the major components of the light harvesting antennae. These findings suggest that the function of energy dissipation may have evolved prior to the current-day light-harvesting function found in vascular plants.
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(2000)
Nature
, vol.403
, pp. 391-395
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Li, X.-P.1
Bjôrkman, O.2
Shih, C.3
Grossman, A.R.4
Rosenquist, M.5
Jansson, S.6
Niyogi, K.K.7
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53
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0032704273
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Isolation of state transition mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by fluorescence video imaging
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•], describes how video-imaging techniques can be used to isolate state transition mutants. Characterizations of these mutants are helping to elucidate the dynamics of the photosynthetic apparatus and the environmental factors that modulate photosynthetic activities.
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•], describes how video-imaging techniques can be used to isolate state transition mutants. Characterizations of these mutants are helping to elucidate the dynamics of the photosynthetic apparatus and the environmental factors that modulate photosynthetic activities.
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Photosynth Res
, vol.61
, pp. 43-61
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Kruse, O.1
Nixon, P.J.2
Schmid, G.H.3
Mullineaux, C.W.4
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54
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0032719469
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Isolation and characterization of photoautotrophic mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii deficient in state transition
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•] demonstrates that video-imaging techniques can be used to isolate state transition mutants. Characterizations of these mutants are helping to elucidate the dynamics of the photosynthetic apparatus and the environmental factors that modulate photosynthetic activities.
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•] demonstrates that video-imaging techniques can be used to isolate state transition mutants. Characterizations of these mutants are helping to elucidate the dynamics of the photosynthetic apparatus and the environmental factors that modulate photosynthetic activities.
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J Biol Chem
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Fleishmann, M.M.1
Ravanel, S.2
Delosme, R.3
Olive, J.4
Zito, R.5
Wollman, F.A.6
Rochaix, J.-D.7
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55
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The use of Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta: Volvocales) as a model algal system for genome studies and the elucidation of photosynthetic processes
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Davies J.P., Grossman A.R. The use of Chlamydomonas (Chlorophyta. Volvocales) as a model algal system for genome studies and the elucidation of photosynthetic processes J Phycol. 34:1998;907-917.
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Davies, J.P.1
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Lefebvre P.A., Silflow C.D. Chlamydomonas. the cell and its genome Genetics. 151:1998;9-14.
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Genetics
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Lefebvre, P.A.1
Silflow, C.D.2
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