Age causes a redistribution of joint torques and powers during gait

Journal of Applied Physiology

Volumn 88, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 1804-1811

  DeVita, Paul ^a   Hortobagyi, Tibor ^a  

^a EAST CAROLINA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aging; Locomotion; Neuromuscular function; Talking; Work

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ADULT; AGED; AGING; ANKLE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXTENSOR MUSCLE; FEMALE; FLEXOR MUSCLE; GAIT; HIP; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; JOINT FUNCTION; KINESIOLOGY; KNEE; MALE; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION; NORMAL HUMAN; PLANTARIS MUSCLE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TORQUE; WALKING SPEED;

EID: 0034079416     PISSN: 87507587     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2000.88.5.1804     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Andriacchi TP, Ogle JA, and Galante JO. Walking speed as a basis for normal and abnormal gait measurements. J Biomech 16: 261-268, 1977.
2. Chen IH, Kuo KN, and Andriacchi TP. The influence of walking speed on mechanical joint power during gait. Gait Post 6: 171-176, 1997.
3. Christ CB, Boileau RA, Slaughter MH, Stillman RJ, Cameron JA, and Massey BH. Maximal voluntary isometric force production characteristics of six muscle groups in women aged 25 to 74 years. Am J Hum Biol 4: 537-545, 1992.
4. Coggan AR, Spina RJ, King DS, Rogers MA, Brown M, Nemeth PM, and Holloszy JO. Histochemical and enzymatic comparison of the gastrocnemius muscle of young and elderly men and women. J Gerontol 47: B71-B76, 1992.
5. Crowinshield RD, Brand RA, and Johnston RC. The effects of walking velocity and age on hip kinematics and kinetics. Clin Orthop 132: 140-144, 1978.
6. Dempster W. Space Requirements of the Seated Operator. Dayton, OH: Wright Patterson Air Force Base, WADC, 1955. (Wright Air Development Center Technical Rep. 55-159)
7. DeVita P. The selection of a standard convention for analyzing gait data based on the analysis of relevant biomechanical factors. J Biomech 27: 501-508, 1994.
8. DeVita P, Blankenship-Hunter P, and Skelly WA. Effects of a functional knee brace on the biomechanics of running. Med Sci Sports Exerc 24: 797-806, 1992.
9. DeVita P, Hortobagyi T, and Barrier J. Gait biomechanics are not normal after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and accelerated rehabilitation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30: 1481-1488, 1998.
10. Elble RJ, Thomas SS, Higgins C, and Colliver J. Stride-dependent changes in gait of older people. J Neurol 238: 1-5, 1991.
11. Enoka RM. Neural strategies in the control of muscle force. Muscle Nerve Suppl 5: S66-S69, 1997.
12. Finley FR, Cody KA, and Finizie RV. Locomotion patterns in elderly women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 50: 140-146, 1969.
13. Gajdosik RL, Vander Linden DW, and Williams AK. Concentric isokinetic torque characteristics of the calf muscles of active women aged 20 to 84 years. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 29: 181-190, 1999.
14. Galganski ME, Fuglevand AJ, and Enoka RM. Reduced control of motor output in a human hand muscle of elderly subjects during submaximal contractions. J Neurophysiol 69: 2108-2115, 1993.
15. Gallagher D, Visser M, De Meersman RE, Sepulveda D, Baumgartner RN, Pierson RN, Harris T, and Heymsfield SB. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass: effects of age, gender, and ethnicity. J Appl Physiol 83: 229-239, 1997.
16. Grimby G. Muscle performance and structure in the elderly as studied cross-sectionally and longitudinally. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 50: 17-22, 1995.
17. Gu MJ, Schultz AB, Shepard NT, and Alexander NB. Postural control in young and elderly adults when stance is perturbed: dynamics. J Biomech 29: 319-330, 1996.
18. Hageman PA and Blanke DJ. Comparison of gait of young women and elderly women. Phys Ther 66: 1382-1387, 1986.
19. Hanavan EP. A Mathematical Model of the Human Body. Dayton, OH: Wright Patterson Air Force Base, AMRL, 1964. (Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories Tech. Rep. 64-102)
20. Holloszy JO, and Kohrt WM. Exercise: Aging. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1995.
21. Houmard JA, Weidner ML, Gavigan KE, Tyndall GL, Hickey MS, and Alshami A. Fiber type and citrate synthase activity in the human gastrocnemius and vastus lateralis with aging. J Appl Physiol 85: 1337-1341, 1998.
22. Judge JO, Davis RB III, and Ounpuu S. Step length reductions in advanced age: the role of ankle and hip kinetics. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 51: M303-M312, 1996.
23. Judge JO, Underwood M, and Gennosa T. Exercise to improve gait velocity in older persons. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 74: 400-406, 1993.
24. Kerrigan DC, Todd MK, Della Croce U, Lipsitz LA, and Collins JJ. Biomechanical gait alterations independent of speed in the healthy elderly: evidence for specific limiting impairments. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 79: 317-322, 1998.
25. Kirtley C, Whittle MW, and Jefferson RJ. Influence of walking speed on gait parameters. J Biomed Eng 7: 282-288, 1985.
26. Klitgaard H, Mantoni M, Schiaffino S, Ausoni S, Gorza L, Laurent-Winter C, Schnohr P, and Saltin B. Function, morphology and protein expression of ageing skeletal muscle: a cross-sectional study of elderly men with different training backgrounds. Acta Physiol Scand 140: 41-54, 1990.
27. Larish DD, Martin PE, and Mungiole M. Characteristic patterns of gait in the healthy old. Ann NY Acad Sci 515: 18-32, 1988.
28. Larsson L, Grimby G, and Karlsson J. Muscle strength and speed of movement in relation to age and muscle morphology. J Appl Physiol 46: 451-456, 1979.
29. Lynch NA, Metter EJ, Lindle RS, Fozard JL, Tobin JD, Roy TA, Fleg JL, and Hurley BF. Muscle quality. I. Age-associated differences between arm and leg muscle groups. J Appl Physiol 86: 188-194, 1999.
30. McCaw ST and DeVita P. Errors in alignment of center of pressure and foot coordinates affect predicted lower extremity torques. J Biomech 28: 985-988, 1995.
31. Metter EJ, Conwit R, Tobin J, and Fozard JL. Age-associated loss of power and strength in the upper extremities in women and men. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 52: B267-B276, 1997.
32. Murray MP, Drought AB, and Kory RC. Walking patterns of normal men. J Bone Joint Surg 46A: 335-360, 1964.
33. Murray MP, Kory RC, and Clarkson BH. Walking patterns in healthy old men. J Gerontol 24: 169-78, 1969.
34. Nigg BM, Fisher V, Allinger TL, Ronsky JR, and Engsberg JR. Range of motion of the foot as a function of age. Foot Ankle 13: 336-343, 1992.
35. Nigg BM, Fisher V, and Ronsky JL. Gait characteristics as a function of age and gender. Gait Post 2: 213-220, 1994.
36. Ostrosky KM, VanSwearingen JM, Burdett RG, and Gee Z. A comparison of gait characteristics in young and old subjects. Phys Ther 74: 637-644, 1994.
37. Petrella RJ, Lattanzio PJ, and Nelson MG. Effect of age and activity on knee joint proprioception. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 76: 235-241, 1997.
38. Porter MM, Vandervoort AA, and Kramer JF. Eccentric peak torque of the plantar and dorsiflexors is maintained in older women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 52: B125-B131, 1997.
39. Poulin MJ, Vandervoort AA, Paterson DH, Kramer JF, and Cunningham DA. Eccentric and concentric torques of knee and elbow extension in young and older men. Can J Sport Sci 17: 3-7, 1992.
40. Stefanyshyn D and Nigg B. Dynamic angular stiffness of the ankle joint during running and sprinting. J Appl Biomech 14: 292-299, 1998.
41. Sutherland DH, Olshen R, Cooper L, and Woo SL. The development of mature gait. J Bone Joint Surg Am 62: 336-353, 1980.
42. Thelen DG, Schultz AB, Alexander NB, and Ashton-Miller JA. Effects of age on rapid ankle torque development. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 51: M226-M232, 1996.
43. Winegard KJ, Hicks AL, Sale DG, and Vandervoort AA. A 12-year follow-up study of ankle muscle function in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 51: B202-B207, 1996.
44. Winter DA. Biomechanical motor patterns in normal walking. J Motor Behav 15: 302-330, 1983.
45. Winter DA. Energy generation and absorption at the ankle and knee during fast, natural, and slow cadences. Clin Orthop 175: 147-154, 1983.
46. Winter DA. Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. Waterloo, ON, Canada: Wiley, 1990.
47. Winter DA. The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Gait: Normal, Elderly and Pathological. Waterloo, ON, Canada: Univ. of Waterloo Press, 1991.
48. Winter DA, Patla AE, Frank JS, and Walt SE. Biomechanical walking pattern changes in the fit and healthy elderly. Phys Ther 70: 340-347, 1990.