Adverse effects of high-dose epinephrine on cerebral blood flow during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 1423-1430

  Gedeborg, Rolf ^a   Silander, Hans Carlson ^a   Ronne Engström, Elisabeth ^a   Rubertsson, Sten ^a   Wiklund, Lars ^a  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Cardiovascular physiology; Cerebral cortex blood supply; Cerebral ischemia; Cerebrovascular circulation; Epinephrine therapeutic use; Heart arrest therapy; Laser Doppler flowmetry; Regional blood flow; Swine; Ventricular fibrillation

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; HEART ARREST; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESUSCITATION; SWINE; TISSUE OXYGENATION; VASOCONSTRICTION;

EID: 0034076109     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200005000-00028     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. 1. Holmes HR, Babbs CF, Voorhees WD, et al: Influence of adrenergic drugs upon vital organ perfusion during CPR. Crit Care Med 1980; 8:137-140
2. 2. Michael JR, Guerci AD, Koehler RC, et al: Mechanisms by which epinephrine augments cerebral and myocardial perfusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs. Circulation 1984; 69:822-835
3. 3. Yakaitis RW, Otto CW, Blitt CD: Relative importance of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors during resuscitation. Crit Care Med 1979; 7:293-296
4. 4. Rubertsson S, Grenvik A, Zemgulis V, et al: Systemic perfusion pressure and blood flow before and after administration of epinephrine during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med 1995; 23: 1984-1996
5. 5. Ralston SH, Voorhees WD, Babbs CF: Intrapulmonary epinephrine during prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation: Improved regional blood flow and resuscitation in dogs. Ann Emerg Med 1984; 13:79-86
6. 6. Lindner KH, Ahnefeld FW, Bowdler IM, et al: Influence of epinephrine on systemic, myocardial, and cerebral acid-base status during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Anesthesiology 1991; 74:333-339
7. 7. Paradis NA, Martin GB, Rivers EP, et al: Coronary perfusion pressure and the return of spontaneous circulation in human cardiopulmonary resuscitation. JAMA 1990; 263: 1106-1113
8. 8. Brunette DD, Jameson SJ: Comparison of standard versus high-dose epinephrine in the resuscitation of cardiac arrest in dogs. Ann Emerg Med 1990; 19:8-11
9. 9. Emergency Cardiac Care Committee and Subcommittees, American Heart Association. Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiac care. Part III. Adult advanced cardiac life support. JAMA 1992; 268:2199-2241
10. 10. Chase PB, Kern KB, Sanders AB, et al: Effects of graded doses of epinephrine on both non-invasive and invasive measures of myocardial perfusion and blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:413-419
11. 11. Brown CG, Werman HA, Davis EA, et al: Comparative effect of graded doses of epinephrine on regional brain blood flow during CPR in a swine model. Ann Emerg Med 1986; 15:1138-1144
12. 12. Berkowitz ID, Gervais H, Schleien CL, et al: Epinephrine dosage effects on cerebral and myocardial blood flow in an infant swine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Anesthesiology 1991; 75:1041-1050
13. 13. Callaham M, Madsen CD, Barton CW, et al: A randomized clinical trial of high-dose epinephrine and norepinephrine vs standard-dose epinephrine in prehospital cardiac arrest. JAMA 1992; 268:2667-2672
14. 14. Lindner KH, Ahnefeld FW, Prengel AW: Comparison of standard and high-dose adrenaline in the resuscitation of asystole and electromechanical dissociation. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1991; 35:253-256
15. 15. Brown CG, Martin DR, Pepe PE, et al: A comparison of standard-dose and high-dose epinephrine in cardiac arrest outside the hospital. The multicenter high-dose epinephrine study group. N Engl J Med 1992; 327:1051-1055
16. 16. Nishizawa H, Miyazaki H, Ogawa K, et al: [Comparison of standard-dose epinephrine and high-dose epinephrine in cardiopulmonary arrest outside the hospital]. Kokyu To Junkan 1993; 41:1083-1087
17. 17. Stiell IG, Hebert PC, Weitzman BN, et al: High-dose epinephrine in adult cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 1992; 327:1045-1050
18. 18. Gueugniaud P-Y, Mols P, Goldstein P, et al: A comparison of repeated high doses and repeated standard doses of epinephrine for cardiac arrest outside the hospital. Crit Care Med 1998; 339:1595-1601
19. 19. Goetting MG, Paradis NA: High-dose epinephrine improves outcome from pediatric cardiac arrest. Ann Emerg Med 1991; 20: 22-26
20. 20. Cooper S, Cade J: Predicting survival, in-hospital cardiac arrest: Resuscitation survival variables and training effectiveness. Resuscitation 1997; 35:17-22
21. 21. Neumar RW, Bircher NG, Sim KM, et al: Epinephrine and sodium bicarbonate during CPR following asphyxial cardiac arrest in rats. Resuscitation 1995; 29:249-263
22. 22. Berg RA, Otto CW, Kern KB, et al: High-dose epinephrine results in greater early mortality after resuscitation from prolonged cardiac arrest in pigs: A prospective, randomized study. Crit Care Med 1994; 22:282-290
23. 23. Berg RA, Otto CW, Kern KB, et al: A randomized, blinded trial of high-dose epinephrine versus standard-dose epinephrine in a swine model of pediatric asphyxial cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med 1996; 24:1695-1700
24. 24. Gaw AJ, Wadsworth RM: Pharmacological characterization of postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptors in cerebral arteries from the sheep. Br J Pharmacol 1989; 98:741-746
25. 25. Chai PJ, Skaryak LA, Ungerleider RM, et al: Jugular ligation does not increase intracranial pressure but does increase bihemispheric cerebral blood flow and metabolism. Crit Care Med 1995; 23:1864-1871
26. 26. Ronne-Engstöm E, Carlson H, Blom S, et al: Monitoring of cortical blood flow in human epileptic foci using laser doppler flowmetry. J Epilepsy 1993; 6:145-151
27. 27. Stern MD: In vivo evaluation of microcirculation by coherent light scattering. Nature 1975; 254:56-58
28. 28. Bonner RF, Nossal R: Principles of laser-doppler blood flowmetry. In: Laser-Doppler Blood Flowmetry. Shepherd AP, Öberg PÅ, (Eds). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990:17-56
29. 29. Dirnagl U, Kaplan B, Jacewicz M, et al: Continuous measurement of cerebral cortical blood flow by laser-doppler flowmetry in a rat stroke model. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1989; 9:589-596
30. 30. Reith W, Forsting M, Weber J, et al: Laser doppler flowmetry of focal ischaemia and reperfusion in deep brain structures in rats. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1994; 131:151-156
31. 31. Kirkeby OJ, Rise IR, Nordsletten L, et al: Cerebral blood flow measured with intracerebral laser-doppler flow probes and radioactive microspheres. J Appl Physiol 1995; 79: 1479-1486
32. 32. Samsel RW, Schumacker PT: Oxygen delivery to tissues. Eur Respir J 1991; 4:1258-1267
33. 33. Venkatesh B, Clutton Brock TH, Hendry SP: Evaluation of the Paratrend 7 intravascular blood gas monitor during cardiac surgery: Comparison with the C4000 in-line blood gas monitor during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1995; 9:412-419
34. 34. Clutton Brock TH, Fink S, Markle D, et al: The evaluation of a new intravascular blood gas monitoring system in the pig. J Clin Monit Comput 1994; 10:387-391
35. 35. Hoffman WE, Charbel FT, Edelman G: Brain tissue oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in neurosurgical patients at risk for ischemia. Anesth Analg 1996; 82:582-586
36. 36. Edvinsson L, Owman C: Neurovascular aminergic and peptidergic functions in brain and the possible pathophysiological role in cerebral vasospasm. Adv Neurol 1979; 25: 23-38
37. 37. Allen GS, Gross CJ: Cerebral arterial spasm. Part 7: In vitro effects of alpha adrenergic agents on canine arteries from six anatomical sites and six blocking agents on serotonin-induced contractions of the canine basilar artery. Surg Neurol 1976; 6:63-70
38. 38. Edvinsson L, Lacombe P, Owman C, et al: Quantitative changes in regional cerebral blood flow of rats induced by alpha-and beta-adrenergic stimulants. Acta Physiol Scand 1979; 107:289-296
39. 39. Roberts D, Landolfo K, Dobson K, et al: The effects of methoxamine and epinephrine on survival and regional distribution of cardiac output in dogs with prolonged ventricular fibrillation. Chest 1990; 98:999-1005
40. 40. Cruz J: Relationship between early patterns of cerebral extraction of oxygen and outcome from severe acute traumatic brain swelling: Cerebral ischemia or cerebral viability? Crit Care Med 1996; 24:953-956
41. 41. Gervais HW, Schleien CL, Koehler RC, et al: Effect of adrenergic drugs on cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and evoked potentials after delayed cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs. Stroke 1991; 22:1554-1561
42. 42. Schleien CL, Koehler RC, Shaffner DH, et al: Blood-brain barrier disruption following CPR in piglets. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 1990; 51:213-215
43. 43. Schleien CL, Koehler RC, Shaffner DH, et al: Blood-brain barrier integrity during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in dogs. Stroke 1990; 21:1185-1191
44. 44. Wortsman J, Foley PJ, Tacker WA, et al: Cerebrospinal fluid changes in experimental cardiac arrest (maximal stress). Am J Physiol 1987; 252:E756-E761
45. 45. Lasbennes F, Sercombe R, Seylaz J: Monoamine oxidase activity in brain microvessels determined using natural and artificial substrates: Relevance to the blood-brain barrier. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1983; 3:521-528
46. 46. Hardebo JE, Emson PC, Falck B, et al: Enzymes related to monoamine transmitter metabolism in brain microvessels. J Neurochem 1980; 35:1388-1393
47. 47. Hardebo JE, Owman C: Barrier mechanisms for neurotransmitter monoamines and their precursors at the blood-brain interface. Ann Neurol 1980; 8:1-31
48. 48. Berkowitz ID, Rogers MC: The physiology of cerebral blood flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Can J Anaesth 1988; 35: S23-S29
49. 49. Ames AI, Nesbett FB: Pathophysiology of ischemic cell death: I. Time of onset of irreversible damage; importance of the different components of the ischemic insult. Stroke 1983; 14:219-226
50. 50. Hossmann KA, Kleihues P: Reversibility of ischemic brain damage. Arch Neurol 1973; 29:375-384
51. 51. White BC, Grossman LI, O'Neil BJ, et al: Global brain ischemia and reperfusion. Ann Emerg Med 1996; 27:588-594