Prevention of pain on injection with propofol: A quantitative systematic review

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 90, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 963-969

  Picard, Pascale ^a   Tramèr, Martin R ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF CLERMONT FERRAND   (France)

^b GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALFENTANIL; DIAZEPAM; DROPERIDOL; FENTANYL DERIVATIVE; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; KETAMINE; KETOROLAC; LIDOCAINE; METOCLOPRAMIDE; MORPHINE; NAFAMSTAT; ONDANSETRON; PETHIDINE; PRILOCAINE; PROPOFOL; THIOPENTAL;

ADULT; ANALGESIA; CHILD; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; INJECTION PAIN; INTRAVENOUS CATHETER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TEMPERATURE; TOURNIQUET;

EID: 0034076053     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1213/00000539-200004000-00035     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Macario A, Weinger M, Truong P, Lee M. Which clinical anesthesia outcomes are both common and important to avoid? The perspective of a panel of expert anesthesiologists. Anesth Analg 1999;88:1085-91.
2. Banssillon V. Douleur à l'injection du Diprivan. Ann Fr Anesth Réanim 1994;13:465-70.
3. Tan CH, Onsiong MK. Pain on injection of propofol. Anaesthesia 1998;53:468-76.
4. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 1996;17:1-12.
5. Morris JA, Gardner MJ. Calculating confidence intervals for relative risk, odds ratios, and standardised ratios and rates. Statistics with confidence. In: Gardner MJ, Altman DG, eds. Confidence intervals and statistical guidelines. London: British Medical Journal 1995:50-63.
6. Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, et al. Beta blockade during and after myocardial infarction: an overview of the randomized trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 1985;27:335-71.
7. Laupacis A, Sackett DL, Roberts RS. An assessment of clinically useful measures of the consequences of treatment. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1728-33.
8. Cook RJ, Sackett DL. The number needed to treat: a clinically useful measure of treatment effect. BMJ 1995;310:452-4.
9. Cameron E, Johnston G, Crofts S, Morton NS. The minimum effective dose of lignocaine to prevent injection pain due to propofol in children. Anaesthesia 1992;47:604-6.
10. Cangini D, Fusari M, Taddei S, et al. Il propofol ed il dolore all'iniezione. Minerva Anestesiol 1991;57:568-9.
11. Major E, Verniquet AJW, Waddell TK, et al. A study of three doses of ICI 35868 for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 1981;53:267-72.
12. McLeskey CH, Walawander CA, Nahrwold ML, et al. Adverse events in a multicenter phase IV study of propofol: evaluation by anesthesiologists and postanesthesia care unit nurses. Anesth Analg 1993;77:S3-9.
13. Bosques NG, Rangel AF, Goiz ACM. Dolor a la asdministracion de propofol: comparacion de lidocaina con metoclopramida. Rev Mex Anestesiol 1997;20:53-6.
14. Dewandre J, Van Bos R, Van Hemelrijck J, Van Aken H. A comparison of the 2% and 1% formulations of propofol during anaesthesia for craniotomy. Anaesthesia 1994;49:8-12.
15. Goldmann R, Bornscheurer A, Kirchner. Einfluss der applikationsart von lidocain auf die verminderung des injektionsschmerzes durch propofol. Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 1997;32:98-100.
16. Hiller A, Saarnivaara L. Injection pain, cardiovascular changes and recovery following induction of anaesthesia with propofol in combination with alfentanil or lignocaine in children. Acta Anaesth Scand 1992;36:564-8.
17. Kobayashi Y, Kamada Y, Kumagaia A, et al. Pain-free injection of propofol. Masui 1998;47:835-8.
18. Mecklem DW. Propofol injection pain: comparing the addition of lignocaine or metoclopramide. Anaesth Intensive Care 1994; 22:568-70.
19. Eriksson M, Englesson S, Niklasson F, Hartvig P. Effect of lignocaine and pH on propofol-induced pain. Br J Anaesth 1997;78:502-6.
20. Klement W, Arndt J. Pain on injection of propofol: effects of concentration and diluent. Br J Anaesth 1991;67:281-4.
21. Saarnivaara L, Klemola U. Injection pain, intubating conditions and cardiovascular changes following induction of anaesthesia with propofol alone or in combination with alfentanil. Acta Anaesth Scand 1991;35:19-23.
22. Pang WW, Huang S, Chung YT, Gang DP, et al. Comparison of intravenous retention of fentanyl and lidocaine of local analgesia in propofol injection pain. Acta Anaesth Sin 1997;35:217-21.
23. Pang WW, Mok MS, Huang S, Hwang MH. The analgesic effect of fentanyl, morphine, meperidine, and lidocaine in the peripheral veins: a comparative study. Anesth Analg 1998;86:382-6.
24. Pang WW, Huang PY, Chang DP, Huang MH. The peripheral analgesic effect of tramadol in reducing propofol injection pain: a comparison with lidocaine. Reg Anesth Pain Med 1999;24: 246-9.
25. Alyafi WA, Rangasami J. Reduction of propofol pain: fentanyl vs lidocaine. Middle East J Anesthesiol 1996;13:613-9.
26. Ambesh SP, Dubey PK, Sinha PK. Ondansetron pretreatment to alleviate pain on propofol injection: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study. Anesth Analg 1999;89:197-9.
27. Angst MS, Mackey SC, Zupfer GH, et al. Reduction of propofol injection pain with a double lumen i.v. set. J Clin Anesth 1997; 9:462-6.
28. Bahar M, McAteer E, Dundee J, Briggs L. Aspirin in the prevention of painful intravenous injection of disoprofol (ICI 35,868) and diazepam (Valium). Anaesthesia 1982;37:847-8.
29. Barker P, Langton JA, Murphy P, Rowbotham DJ. Effect of prior administration of cold saline on pain during propofol injection: a comparison with cold propofol and propofol with lignocaine. Anaesthesia 1991;46:1069-70.
30. Basar H, Sayin M, Ketene A, Okten F. Propofol ve etomidate enjeksiyon agrisini lignokain ve metoklopramid ile onlenmesi. Turk Anest Rean 1995;23:87-90.
31. Chessa D, Cossu F, Serra G. Il fentanyl previene il dolore nella sede di iniezione del propofol. Minerva Anestesiol 1992;58: 1319-21.
32. Croston J, Espinosa V, de Henriquez L, de Jimenez L. Changes in the pain produced by the peripheral venous injection of propofol when it is combined with lidocaine or fentanyl. Rev Med Panama 1992;17:199-202.
33. Doenicke A, Roizen M, Rau J, et al. Reducing pain during propofol injection: the role of the solvent. Anesth Analg 1996; 82:472-4.
34. Dru M, Lory C, Journois D, Playe E. Influence de l'alfentanil sur la douleur a l'injection de propofol, lors de l'induction anesthesique pediatrique. Cah Anesth 1991;39:383-6.
35. Eriksson M. Prilocaine reduces injection pain caused by propofol. Acta Anaesth Scand 1995;39:210-3.
36. Fletcher JE, Seavell CR, Bowen DJ. Pretreatment with alfentanil reduces pain caused by propofol. Br J Anaesth 1994;72:342-4.
37. Fletcher G, Gillespie I, Davidson J. The effect of temperature upon pain during injection of propofol. Anaesthesia 1996;51: 498-99.
38. Fragen RJ, De Grood PM, Robertson EN, et al. Effects of premedication on diprivan induction. Br J Anaesth 1982;54:913-6.
39. Gajraj NM, Nathanson MH. Preventing pain during injection of propofol: the optimal dose of lidocaine. J Clin Anesth 1996;8: 575-7.
40. Ganta R, Fee JP. Pain on injection of propofol: comparison of lignocaine with metoclopramide. Br J Anaesth 1992;69:316-7.
41. Gehan G, Karoubi P, Quinet F, et al. Optimal dose of lignocaine for preventing pain on injection of propofol. Br J Anaesth 1991; 66:324-6.
42. Haugen R, Vaghadia H, Waters T, Merrick P. Thiopentone pretreatment for propofol injection pain in ambulatory patients. Can J Anaesth 1995;42:1108-12.
43. Helbo-Hansen S, Westergaard V, Krogh BL, Svendsen HP. The reduction of pain on injection of propofol: the effect of addition of lignocaine. Acta Anaesth Scand 1988;32:502-4.
44. Helmers HHJH, Kraaijenhaagen RJ, Leeuwen LV, Zuurmond VWA. Reduction of pain on injection caused by propofol [letter]. Can J Anaesth 1990;37:267-8.
45. Huang C, Wang Y, Cheng Y, et al. The effect of carrier intravenous fluid speed on the injection pain of propofol. Anesth Analg 1995;81:1087-8.
46. Iwama H, Nakane M, Ohmori S, et al. Nafamostat mesilate, a kallikrein inhibitor, prevents pain on injection with propofol. Br J Anaesth 1998;81:963-4.
47. Johnson R, Harper N, Chadwick S, Vohra A. Pain on injection of propofol: methods of alleviation. Anaesthesia 1990;45:439-42.
48. King SY, Davis FM, Wells JE, et al. Lidocaine for the prevention of pain due to injection of propofol. Anesth Analg 1992;74: 246-9.
49. Kobayashi Y, Naganuma R, Seki S, et al. Reduction of pain on injection of propofol: a comparison of fentanyl with lidocaine. Masui 1998;47:963-7.
50. Lee T, Loewenthal A, Strachan J, Todd B. Pain during injection of propofol: the effect of prior administration of thiopentone. Anaesthesia 1994;49:817-8.
51. Liaw WJ, Pang WW, Chang DP, Hwang MH. Pain on injection of propofol: the mitigating influence of metoclopramide using different techniques. Acta Anaesth Scand 1999;43:24-7.
52. Lin SS, Chen GT, Lin JC, et al. Pain on injection of propofol. Acta Anaesth Sin 1994;32:73-6.
53. Lyons B, Lohan D, Flynn C, McCarroll M. Modification of pain on injection of propofol: a comparison of pethidine and lignocaine. Anaesthesia 1996;51:394-5.
54. Mangar D, Holak EJ. Tourniquet at 50 mm Hg followed by intravenous lidocaine diminishes hand pain associated with propofol injection. Anesth Analg 1992;74:250-2.
55. McCrirrick A, Hunter S. Pain on injection of propofol: the effect of injectate temperature. Anaesthesia 1990;45:443-4.
56. McCulloch M, Lees N. Assessment and modification of pain on induction with propofol (Diprivan). Anaesthesia 1985;40: 1117-20.
57. McDonald D, Jameson P. Injection pain with propofol: reduction with aspiration of blood. Anaesthesia 1996;51:878-80.
58. Nathanson MH, Gajraj NM, Russell JA. Prevention of pain on injection of propofol: a comparison of lidocaine with alfentanil. Anesth Analg 1996;82:469-71.
59. Newcombe GN. The effect, on injection pain, of adding lignocaine to propofol. Anaesth Intensive Care 1990;18:105-7.
60. Nicol M, Moriarty J, Edwards J, et al. Modification of pain on injection of propofol: a comparison between lignocaine and procaine. Anaesthesia 1991;46:67-9.
61. O'Hara JF Jr, Sprung J, Laseter JT, et al. Effects of topical nitroglycerin and intravenous lidocaine on propofol-induced pain on injection. Anesth Analg 1997;84:865-9.
62. Ozkocak I, Gumus T, Gogus N, et al. Propofolun enjeksiyon agrisini onlemede metoklopramid ve dehydrobenzperidol. Turk Anest Reanim 1995;23:395-7.
63. Ozturk E, Izdes S, Babacan A, Kaya K. Temperature of propofol does not reduce the incidence of injection pain [letter]. Anesthesiology 1998;89:1041.
64. Pang WW, Mok MS, Huang S, et al. The peripheral analgesic effect of meperidine in reducing propofol injection pain is not naloxone-reversible. Reg Anesth Pain Med 1998;23:197-200.
65. Parmar AK, Koay CK. Pain on injection of propofol: a comparison of cold propofol with propofol premixed with lignocaine. Anaesthesia 1998;53:79-88.
66. Sadler PJ, Thompson HM, Maslowski P, et al. Iontophoretically applied lidocaine reduces pain on propofol injection. Br J Anaesth 1999;82:432-4.
67. Scott R, Saunders D, Norman J. Propofol: clinical strategies for preventing the pain of injection. Anaesthesia 1988;43:492-4.
68. Smith A, Power I. The effect of pretreatment with ketorolac on pain during intravenous injection of propofol. Anaesthesia 1996; 51:883-5.
69. Stokes D, Robson N, Hutton P. Effect of diluting propofol on the incidence of pain on injection and venous sequelae. Br J Anaesth 1989;62:202-3.
70. Tan CH, Onsiong MK, Kua SW. The effect of ketamine pretreatment on propofol injection pain in 100 women. Anaesthesia 1998;53:302-5.
71. Tham C, Khoo S. Modulating effects of lignocaine on propofol. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995;23:154-7.
72. Uda R, Otsuka M, Doi Y, et al. Sixty percent lidocaine tape alleviates pain on injection of propofol after diminishing venipuncture pain. Masui 1998;47:843-7.
73. Uda R, Kadono N, Otsuka M, et al. Strict temperature control has no effect on injection pain with propofol [letter]. Anesthesiology 1999;91:591
74. Valtonen M, Isalo E, Kanto J, Rosenberg P. Propofol as an induction agent in children: pain on injection and pharmacokinetics. Acta Anaesth Scand 1989;33:152-5.
75. Wall R, Zacharias M. Effects of alfentanil on induction and recovery from propofol anaesthesia in day surgery. Anaesth Intensive Care 1990;18:214-8.
76. Wilkinson D, Anderson M, Gauntlett I. Pain on injection of propofol: modification by nitroglycerin. Anesth Analg 1993;77: 1139-42.
77. Wrench I, Girling K, Hobbs G. Alfentanil-mediated analgesia during propofol injection: no evidence for a peripheral action. Br J Anaesth 1996;77:162-4.
78. Yokota S, Komatsu T, Komura Y, et al. Pretreatment with topical 60% lidocaine tape reduces pain on injection of propofol. Anesth Analg 1997;85:672-4.
79. Armstrong PJ, Morton CPJ, Nimmo AF. Pethidine has a local anaesthetic action on peripheral nerves in vivo. Anaesthesia 1993;48:382-6.
80. Picard PR, Tramèr MR, McQuay HJ, Moore RA. Analgesic efficacy of peripheral opioids (all except intra-articular): a qualitative systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Pain 1997;72:309-18.
81. Pang WW, Mok MS, Chang DP, Huang MH. Local anesthetic effect of tramadol, metoclopramide, and lidocaine following intradermal injection. Reg Anesth Pain Med 1998;23:580-3.