Geochronology and petrogenesis of Pan-African, syn-tectonic, S-type and post-tectonic A-type granite (Namibia): Products of melting of crustal sources, fractional crystallization and wall rock entrainment

Lithos

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 259-287

  Jung, S ^a   Hoernes, S ^b   Mezger, K ^c  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMISTRY   (Germany)

^b Mineralogisch Petrologisches Institut   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MÜNSTER   (Germany)

Author keywords

A type granites; Crustal melting; Namibia; Proterozoic mobile belt; S type granites

Indexed keywords

A TYPE ROCK; CRUSTAL EVOLUTION; GRANITE; MELTING; PROTEROZOIC; S TYPE ROCK;

NAMIBIA;

EID: 0034070918     PISSN: 00244937     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0024-4937(99)00059-6     Document Type: Article

References (108)

1. Allen P.L., Barr S.M. The Ellison Lake pluton: a cordierite-bearing monzogranitic intrusive body in southwestern Nova Scotia. Can. Min. 21:1983;583-590.
2. Anderson J.L. Proterozoic anorogenic granite plutonism of North America. Geol. Soc. Am. Mem. 161:1983;133-154.
3. Arth J.G. Behaviour of trace elements during magmatic processes - a summary of theoretical models and their applications. J. Res. U.S. Geol. Surv. 4:1976;41-47.
4. Arzi A.A. Critical phenomena in the rheology of partially melted rock. Tectonophysics. 44:1978;173-184.
5. Barbarin B. Genesis of the two main types of peraluminous granitoids. Geology. 24:1996;295-298.
6. Barbero L., Villaseca C. The Layos Granite, Hercynian Complex of Toledo (Spain): an example of parautochthonous restite-rich granite in a granulitic area. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 83:1992;127-138.
7. Barbero L., Villaseca C., Rogers G., Brown P.E. Geochemical and isotopic disequilibrium in crustal melting: an insight from the anatectic granitoids from Toledo, Spain. J. Geophys. Res. 100:1995;15745-15765.
8. Bea F., Fershtater G., Corretgé L.G. The geochemistry of phosphorus in granite rocks and the effect of aluminium. Lithos. 29:1992;43-56.
9. Bea F., Pereira M.D., Stroh A. Mineral/leucosome trace-element partitioning in a peraluminous migmatite (a laser ablation-ICP-MS study). Chem. Geol. 117:1994;291-312.
10. Birch W.D., Gleadow A.J.W. The genesis of garnet and cordierite in acid volcanic rocks: evidence from the Ceberean Cauldron, Central Victoria, Australia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 45:1974;1-13.
11. Blundy J.D., Holland T.J.B. Calcic amphibole equilibria and a new amphibole-plagioclase geothermometer. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 104:1990;208-224.
12. Boynton, W.V., 1984. Geochemistry of the rare earth elements: meteorite studies. in: Henderson, P. (Ed.), Rare Earth Element Geochemistry, Elsevier.
13. Bühn B., Häussinger H., Kramm U., Kukla C., Kukla P.A., Stanistreet I.G. Tectonometamorphic patterns developed during Pan-African continental collision in the Damara inland belt. Chemie der Erde. 54:1994;329-354.
14. Chappell B.W., Stephens W.E. Origin of infracrustal (I-type) granite magmas. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh. 79:1988;71-86.
15. Chappell B.W., White A.J.R., Wyborn D. The importance of residual source material (restite) in granite petrogenesis. J. Petrol. 28:1987;1111-1138.
16. Clarke D.B. Cordierite in felsic igneous rocks: a synthesis. Min. Mag. 59:1995;311-325.
17. Clayton R.N., Mayeda T.D. The use of bromine pentaflouride in the extraction of oxygen from oxides and silicates for isotope analysis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 27:1963;43-52.
18. Clemens J.D., Wall V.J. Origin and crystallisation of some peraluminous (s-type) granitic magmas. Can. Min. 19:1981;111-131.
19. Clemens J.D., Mawer C.K. Granite magma transport by fracture propagation. Tectonophysics. 204:1992;339-360.
20. Clemens J.D., Wall V.J. Controls on the mineralogy of S-type volcanic and plutonic rocks. Lithos. 21:1988;53-66.
21. Clemens J.D., Holloway J.R., White A.J.R. Origin of an A-type granite: experimental constraints. Am. Min. 71:1986;317-324.
22. Collins W.J. Lachlan Fold Belts granitoids: products of three-component mixing. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 87:1996;171-181.
23. Collins W.J., Beams S.D., White A.J.R., Chappell B.W. Nature and Origin of A-type granites with particular reference to Southeastn Australia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 80:1982;189-200.
24. Conrad W.K., Nicholls I.A., Wall V.J. Water-saturated and -undersaturated melting of metaluminous and peraluminous crustal compositions at 10 kbar: Evidence for the origin of silicic magmas in the Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand, and other occurrences. J. Petrol. 29:1988;765-803.
25. Creaser R.A., Price R.C., Wormald R.J. A-type granites revisted: assessment of a residual-source model. Geology. 19:1991;163-166.
26. Debon F., Le Fort P. A chemical-mineralogical classification of common plutonic rocks and associations. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 73:1983;135-149.
27. Deniel C., Vidal P., Fernandez A., LeFort P., Peucat J.-J. Isotopic study of the Manaslu granite (Himalaya, Nepal): inferences on the age and source of Himalayan leucogranites. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 96:1987;78-92.
28. Du Bray E.A. Garnet composition and their use as indicators of peraluminous granitoid petrogenesis - southeastern Arabian Shield. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 100:1988;203-212.
29. Eby G.N. The A-type granitoids: a review of their occurrence and chemical characteristics and speculations on their petrogenesis. Lithos. 26:1990;115-134.
30. Eby G.N. Chemical subdivision of the A-type granitoids: petrogenetic and tectonic implications. Geology. 20:1992;641-644.
31. Finger F., Clemens J.D. Migmatization and 'secondary' granitic magmas: effects of emplacement and crystallization of 'primary' granitoids in Southern Bohemia, Austria. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 120:1995;311-326.
32. Flood R.H., Shaw S.E. Cordierite-bearing granite suite from New England batholith, N.S.W. Australia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 52:1975;157-164.
33. Fujimaki H. Partition coefficient of Hf, Zr, and REE between zircon, apatite, and liquid. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 94:1986;42-45.
34. Georget Y., Fourcade S. REE partitioning in magmatic cordierite: implications for cordierite-bearing granitoids as examplified by the Huelgoat intrusion (Brittany, France). N. Jb. Min. Abh. 158:1988;225-240.
35. 5-quartz: a potential geobarometer-geothermometer. Am. Min. 61:1976;710-714.
36. Green T.H. Experimental generation of cordierite- and garnet-bearing granitic liquids from a pelitic composition. Geology. 4:1976;85-88.
37. Green R.W.E. Seismic refraction observations in the Damara orogen and flanking craton and their bearing on deep seated processes in the orogen. Spec. Pub. Geol. Soc. South Africa. 11:1983;355-367.
38. Haack U., Gohn E., Klein J.A. Rb/Sr ages of granitic rocks along the middle reaches of the Omaruru River and the timing of orogenetic events in the Damara Belt (Namibia). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 74:1980;349-360.
39. 18O data Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 79:1982;279-289.
40. Hammarstrom J.M., Zen E.A. Aluminium in Hornblende: an empirical igneous geobarometer. Am. Min. 71:1986;1297-1313.
41. Harris N.B.W., Inger S. Trace element modelling of pelite derived granites. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 110:1992;46-56.
42. Harrison T.M., Watson E.B. The behaviour of apatite during crustal anatexis. Equilibrium and kinetic consideraions. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 48:1984;1467-1477.
43. Hartmann O., Hoffer E., Haack U. Regional metamorphism in the Damara orogen: interaction of crustal motion and heat transfer. Spec. Pub. Geol. Soc. South Africa. 11:1983;233-241.
44. Heinrichs, H., Herrmann, A.G., 1990. Praktikum der analytischen Geochemie. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York.
45. Hensen B.J., Green D.H. Experimental study of the stability of cordierite and garnet in pelitic compositions at high temperatures and pressures. Synthesis of experimental data and geological applications. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 38:1973;151-166.
46. Hoernes S., Hoffer E. Equilibrium relations of prograde metamorphic mineral assemblages - a stable isotope study of rocks of the Damara orogen. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 68:1979;377-389.
47. Hoernes S., Hoffer E. Stable isotope evidence for fluid-present and fluid-absent metamorphism in metapelites from the Damara Orogen Namibia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 90:1985;322-330.
48. Hoernes S., van Reenen D.D. The oxygen isotopic composition of granulites and retrogressed granulites from the Limpopo Belt as a monitor of fluid-rock interaction. Prec. Res. 55:1992;353-364.
49. Hollister L.S., Grissom G.C., Peters E.K., Stowell H.H., Sisson V.B. Confirmation of the empirical correlation of Al in hornblende with pressure of solidification of calc-alkaline plutons. Am. Min. 72:1987;231-239.
50. Holtz F., Barbey P. Genesis of peraluminous granites: II. Mineralogy and chemistry of the Tourem complex (north Portugal) - Sequentiel melting vs. restite unmixing. J. Petrol. 32:1991;959-978.
51. 2O activities. J. Petrol. 32:1991;935-958.
52. Jung S., Hoffer E., Masberg P., Hoernes S. Geochemistry of granitic in-situ low-melt fractions - an example from the Central Damara orogen, Namibia. Spec. Pub. Geol. Soc. South Africa. 10:1995;21-31.
53. Jung S., Mezger K., Masberg P., Hoffer E., Hoernes S. Petrology of an intrusion-related high-grade migmatite - implications for partial melting of metasedimentary rocks and leucosome-forming processes. J. Metam. Geol. 16:1998;425-445.
54. Jung, S., Hoernes, S., Masbeg, P., Hoffer, E. (in press). The petrogenesis of some migmatites and granites (Central Damara orogen, Namibia): Evidence for disequilibrium melting, wall-rock contamination and crystal fractionation. J. Petrol.
55. Kerr A., Fryer B.J. Nd isotope evidence for crust-mantle interaction in the generation of A-type granitoid suites in Labrador. Canada Chem. Geol. 104:1993;39-60.
56. Kretz R. Symbols for rock forming minerals. Am. Min. 68:1983;277-279.
57. Leake B.L. Nomenclature of amphiboles: report of the subcommitee on amphiboles of the international mineralogical association commission on new minerals and mineral names. Mineral. Mag. 61:1997;295-321.
58. LeBreton N., Thompson A.B. Fluid-absent (dehydration melting) of biotite in metapelites in the early stages of crustal anatexis. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 99:1988;226-237.
59. Lechler P.J., Desilets M.O. A review of the use of loss on ignition as a measurement of total volatiles in whole rock analysis. Chem. Geol. 63:1987;341-344.
60. Ludwig, K.R., 1991a. PBDAT: a computer program for processing Pb-U-Th isotope data. Version 2.75. US Geol. Surv. Open File Report, 88-542.
61. Ludwig, K.R., 1991b. ISOPLOT: a plotting and regression program for radiogenic isotope data. Version 2.75. US Geol. Surv. Open File Report, 91-445.
62. Maillet L.A., Clarke D.B. Cordierite in the peraluminous granites of the Meguma Zone, Nova Scotia, Canada. Min. Mag. 49:1985;695-702.
63. Malvin D.J., Drake M.J. Experimental determination of crystal/melt partitioning of Ga and Ge in the system forsterite-anorthite-diopside. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 51:1987;2117-2128.
64. Masberg H.P., Hoffer E., Hoernes S. Microfabrics indicating granulite-facies metamorphism in the low-pressure central Damara Orogen, Namibia. Prec. Res. 55:1992;243-257.
65. McDermott F., Harris N.B.W., Hawkesworth C.J. Geochemical constraints on crustal anatexis: a case study from the Pan-African Damara granitoids of Namibia. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 123:1996;406-423.
66. Miller R.Mc.G. The Pan-African Damara Orogen of South West Africa/Namibia. Spec. Pub. Geol. Soc. South Africa. 11:1983;431-515.
67. Miller C.F. Are strongly peraluminous magmas derived from pelitic sedimentary sources? J. Geol. 93:1985;673-689.
68. Miller C.F., Mittlefehldt D.W. Depletion of light rare-earth elements in felsic magmas. Geology. 10:1982;129-133.
69. Mittlefehldt D.W., Miller C.F. Geochemistry of the Seawater Wash pluton, California: implications for "anomalous" trace element behaviour during differentiation of felsic magmas. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 47:1983;109-124.
70. Montel J.M. A model for monazite/melt equilibrium and application to the generation of granitic magmas. Chem. Geol. 110:1993;127-146.
71. Nash W.P., Crecraft H.R. Partition coefficients for trace elements in silicic magmas. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 49:1985;2309-2322.
72. Neumann H., Mead J., Vitaliano C.J. Trace element variations during fractional crystallisation as calculated from the distribution law. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 6:1954;90-99.
73. Otten M. The origin of brown hornblende in the Artfjället gabbro and dolerites. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 86:1984;189-199.
74. Parrish R.R. U-Pb dating of monazite and ist application to geological problems. Can. J. Earth Sci. 27:1990;1435-1450.
75. Patiño Douce A.E. Generation of metaluminous A-type granites by low-pressure melting of calc-alkaline granitoids. Geology. 25:1997;743-746.
76. Pattison D.R.M., Carmichael D.M., St-Onge M.R. Geothermometry and Geobarometry applied to early Proterozoic "s-type" granitoid plutons, Wopmay Orogen, Northwest Territories, Canada. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 79:1982;394-404.
77. Perchuk, L.L., Lavrent'eva, I.V., 1983. Experimental investigation of exchange equilibria in the system cordierite-garnet-biotite. In: Saxena, S.K. (Ed.), Kinetics and Equilibrium in mineral reactions, Springer, Berlin, 199-239.
78. Petford N., Kerr K.C., Lister R.C. Dike transport of granitoid magmas. Geology. 21:1993;845-848.
79. Phillips G.N., Wall V.J., Clemens J.D. Petrology of the Strathbogie batholith - a cordierite bearing granite. Can. Min. 19:1981;47-63.
80. Pichavant M., Montel J.M., Richard L.R. Apatite solubility in peraluminous liquids: experimental data and an extension of the Watson-Harrison model. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 56:1992;3855-3861.
81. Poitrasson F., Pin C., Duthou J.-L., Platevoet B. Aluminous subsolvus anorogenic granite genesis in the light of Nd isotope heterogeneity. Chem. Geol. 112:1994;199-219.
82. Powell R., Holland T.J.B. An internally consistent dataset with uncertainities and correlations: 3. Application to geobarometry, worked examples and a computer program. J. Metam. Geol. 6:1988;173-204.
83. Puhan D. Temperature and pressure of metamorphism in the Central Damara orogen. Spec. Pub. Geol. Soc. South Africa. 11:1983;219-223.
84. Puziewicz J., Johannes W. Phase equilibria and compositions of Fe-Mg-Al minerals and melts in water-saturated peraluminous granitic systems. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 100:1988;156-168.
85. Rapp R.P., Ryerson F.J., Miller C.F. Experimental evidence bearing on the stability of monazite during crustal anatexis. Geophys. Res. Lett. 14:1987;307-310.
86. Rushmer T. Partial melting of two amphibolites: Contrasting experimental results under fluid-absent conditions. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 107:1991;41-59.
87. Rutter J.M., Wyllie P. Melting of vapour-absent tonalite at 10 kbar to simulate dehydration-meltiing in the deep crust. Nature. 331:1988;159-160.
88. 230Th disequilibrium on young U-Pb ages: the Makalu case, Himalaya Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 67:1984;191-204.
89. Schnetzler C.C., Philpotts J.A. Partition coefficient of rare-earth elements between igneous matrix mineral and rock-forming mineral phenocrysts. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 34:1970;331-340.
90. 18O granitic plutons from the Frontenac Axis, Grenville Province of Ontario, Canada Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 49:1985;117-123.
91. Skjerlie P.K., Johnston A.D. Fluid-absent melting behavior of an F-rich tonalitic gneiss at mid-crustal pressures: implications for the generation of anorogenic granites. J. Petrol. 34:1993;785-815.
92. Skjerlie K.P., Patiño Douce A.E., Johnston A.D. Fluid absent melting of a layered crustal protolith: implications for the generation of anatectic granites. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 114:1993;365-378.
93. Stacey, J.S., Kramers, J.D., 1975. Approximation of terrestial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model. Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett., 207-221.
94. Sylvester P.J. Post-collisional alkaline granites. J. Geol. 97:1989;261-281.
95. Thompson A.B. Mineral reactions in pelitic rocks: II. Calculation of some P-T-X (Fe-Mg) phase relations. Am. J. Sci. 276:1976;425-454.
96. Turner S.P., Foden J.D., Morrison R.S. Derivation of some A-type magmas by fractionation of basaltic magma: an example from the Padthaway Ridge, South Australia. Lithos. 28:1992;151-179.
97. Ugidos J.M., Recio C. Origin of cordierite-bearing granites by assimilation in the Central Iberian Massif (CIM), Spain. Chem. Geol. 103:1993;27-43.
98. Vernon R.H., Collins W.J. Igneous microstructures in migmatites. Geology. 16:1988;1126-1129.
99. Vielzeuf D., Holloway J.R. Experimental determination of the fluid-absent melting relations in the pelitic system. Consequences for crustal differentiation. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 98:1988;257-276.
100. Vielzeuf D., Montel J.M. Partial melting of metagreywackes. Part I. Fluid-absent experiments and phase relations. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 17:1994;375-393.
101. Vyhnal C.R., McSween H.Y. Jr., Speer A. Hornblende chemistry in southern Appalachian granitoids: implication for aluminium hornblende thermobarometry and magmatic epidote stability. Am. Min. 76:1991;176-188.
102. Watson E.B., Harrison T.M. Zircon saturation revisited: temperature and composition effects in a variety of crustal magma types. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 64:1983;295-304.
103. Whalen J.B., Currie K.L., Chappell B.W. A-type granites: geochemical characteristics, discrimination and petrogenesis. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 95:1987;407-419.
104. White A.J.R., Chappell B.W. Ultrametamorphism and granite genesis. Tectonophysics. 43:1977;7-22.
105. White A.J.R., Chappell B.W. Some supracrustal (S-type) granites of the Lachlan Fold Belt. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 79:1988;169-181.
106. Wickham S.M. Crustal anatexis and granite petrogenesis during low pressure metamorphism: the Trois Seigneur Massif, Pyrenees, France. J. Petrol. 28:1987;127-169.
107. Williamson B.J., Downes H., Thirlwall M.F., Beard A. Geochemical constraints on restite composition and unmixing in the Velay anatectic granite. French Massif Central. Lithos. 40:1997;295-319.
108. Yurimoto H., Duke E.F., Papike J.J., Shearer C.K. Are discontinous chondrite-nomalized REE pattern in pegmatititc systems the result of monazite fractionation? Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. 54:1990;2141-2145.