메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 487-494

Fibre properties of Norway spruce of different growth rates grown under birch shelterwoods of two densities

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

KRAFT PULP; NATURAL FIBERS; TENSILE PROPERTIES; WOOD;

EID: 0034070728     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/x99-235     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (10)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0000463009 scopus 로고
    • Vegetation zones and their sections in Northwestern Europe
    • Ahti, T., Hämet-Ahti, L., and Jalas, J. 1968. Vegetation zones and their sections in Northwestern Europe. Ann. Bot. Fenn. 5: 169-211.
    • (1968) Ann. Bot. Fenn. , vol.5 , pp. 169-211
    • Ahti, T.1    Hämet-Ahti, L.2    Jalas, J.3
  • 2
    • 0010366414 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of young mixed stands with birch and conifers
    • Edited by B. Hägglund and G. Peterson. Department of Silviculture, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå. Rep. 14
    • Andersson, S.O. 1985. Treatment of young mixed stands with birch and conifers. In Broadleaves in boreal silviculture - an obstacle or an asset? Edited by B. Hägglund and G. Peterson. Department of Silviculture, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå. Rep. 14. pp. 127-162.
    • (1985) Broadleaves in Boreal Silviculture - An Obstacle or an Asset? , pp. 127-162
    • Andersson, S.O.1
  • 4
    • 0033610232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood volume yield and stand structure in Norway spruce understorey depending on birch shelterwood density
    • Bergqvist, G. 1999. Wood volume yield and stand structure in Norway spruce understorey depending on birch shelterwood density. For. Ecol. Manage. 122: 221-229.
    • (1999) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.122 , pp. 221-229
    • Bergqvist, G.1
  • 6
    • 0004068835 scopus 로고
    • Volume functions for individual trees
    • In Swedish with English summary. Department of Forest Yield Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Garpenberg. Rep. 26
    • Brandel, G. 1990. Volume functions for individual trees. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula pendula & Betula pubescens). [In Swedish with English summary.] Department of Forest Yield Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Garpenberg. Rep. 26.
    • (1990) Scots Pine (Pinus Sylvestris), Norway Spruce (Picea Abies) and Birch (Betula Pendula & Betula Pubescens)
    • Brandel, G.1
  • 7
    • 0002635532 scopus 로고
    • Effects of silvicultural practices on wood properties of conifers: A review
    • Edited by C.D. Oliver, D.P. Hanley, and J.A. Johnson. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, Contrib. 55
    • Briggs, D.G., and Smith, W.R. 1986. Effects of silvicultural practices on wood properties of conifers: a review. In Proceedings, Douglas-fir: stand management for the future. Edited by C.D. Oliver, D.P. Hanley, and J.A. Johnson. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, Contrib. 55.
    • (1986) Proceedings, Douglas-Fir: Stand Management for the Future
    • Briggs, D.G.1    Smith, W.R.2
  • 8
    • 0029732605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking the fiber characteristics and handsheet properties of a high-yield pulp
    • Broderick, G., Paris, J., Valade, J.L., and Wood, J. 1996. Linking the fiber characteristics and handsheet properties of a high-yield pulp. TAPPI J. 79: 161-169.
    • (1996) TAPPI J. , vol.79 , pp. 161-169
    • Broderick, G.1    Paris, J.2    Valade, J.L.3    Wood, J.4
  • 9
    • 0029292514 scopus 로고
    • Wood and pulp characteristics of juvenile Norway spruce: A comparison between a forest and an agricultural stand
    • Brolin, A., Norén, A., and Ståhl, E.G. 1995. Wood and pulp characteristics of juvenile Norway spruce: A comparison between a forest and an agricultural stand. TAPPI J. 78: 203-214.
    • (1995) TAPPI J. , vol.78 , pp. 203-214
    • Brolin, A.1    Norén, A.2    Ståhl, E.G.3
  • 10
    • 0030794604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of in-forest sorting of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) on wood and fibre properties
    • Duchesne, I., Wilhelmsson, L., and Spångberg, K. 1997. Effect of in-forest sorting of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) on wood and fibre properties. Can. J. For. Res. 27: 790-795.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 790-795
    • Duchesne, I.1    Wilhelmsson, L.2    Spångberg, K.3
  • 11
    • 0000080658 scopus 로고
    • Competition and stand structure in even-aged plant monocultures
    • Ford, E.D. 1975. Competition and stand structure in even-aged plant monocultures. J. Ecol. 63: 311-333.
    • (1975) J. Ecol. , vol.63 , pp. 311-333
    • Ford, E.D.1
  • 12
    • 0030613051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silvicultural models to maintain and restore natural stand structures in Swedish boreal forests
    • Fries, C., Johansson, O., Pettersson, B., and Simonsson, P. 1997. Silvicultural models to maintain and restore natural stand structures in Swedish boreal forests. For. Ecol. Manage. 94: 89-103.
    • (1997) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.94 , pp. 89-103
    • Fries, C.1    Johansson, O.2    Pettersson, B.3    Simonsson, P.4
  • 13
    • 0001694928 scopus 로고
    • Crown structure and stem growth of Norway spruce undergrowth under varying shading
    • Greis, I., and Kellomäki, S. 1981. Crown structure and stem growth of Norway spruce undergrowth under varying shading. Silva Fenn. 15: 306-322.
    • (1981) Silva Fenn. , vol.15 , pp. 306-322
    • Greis, I.1    Kellomäki, S.2
  • 14
    • 0029663808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of shelter on night temperatures, frost damage, and bud break of white spruce seedlings
    • Groot, A., and Carlson, D.W. 1996. Influence of shelter on night temperatures, frost damage, and bud break of white spruce seedlings. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 1531-1538.
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 1531-1538
    • Groot, A.1    Carlson, D.W.2
  • 15
    • 0000446461 scopus 로고
    • Site index estimations by means of site properties. Scots pine and Norway spruce in Sweden
    • Hägglund, B., and Lundmark, J.E. 1977. Site index estimations by means of site properties. Scots pine and Norway spruce in Sweden. Stud. For. Suec. 138: 1-33.
    • (1977) Stud. For. Suec. , vol.138 , pp. 1-33
    • Hägglund, B.1    Lundmark, J.E.2
  • 16
    • 0001113464 scopus 로고
    • Regeneration under shelterwood stands. An analysis of the method of regeneration, its potentialities and limitations in forest management in middle north Sweden
    • In Swedish with English summary
    • Hagner, S. 1962. Regeneration under shelterwood stands. An analysis of the method of regeneration, its potentialities and limitations in forest management in middle north Sweden. [In Swedish with English summary.] Reports of the Forest Research Institute of Sweden, Stockholm, 52: 1-263.
    • (1962) Reports of the Forest Research Institute of Sweden, Stockholm , vol.52 , pp. 1-263
    • Hagner, S.1
  • 19
    • 0013687247 scopus 로고
    • Classified wood raw materials for diversified softwood kraft pulps
    • October 1995, Chicago, Ill
    • Kärenlampi, P., and Suur-Hamari, H. 1995. Classified wood raw materials for diversified softwood kraft pulps. TAPPI 1995 Pulping Conference, October 1995, Chicago, Ill. pp. 683-690.
    • (1995) TAPPI 1995 Pulping Conference , pp. 683-690
    • Kärenlampi, P.1    Suur-Hamari, H.2
  • 20
    • 0002456164 scopus 로고
    • Properties of kraft pulps from different stands - Theory and experiment
    • Kärenlampi, P., Retulainen, E., and Kolehmainen, H. 1994. Properties of kraft pulps from different stands - Theory and experiment. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 4: 214-218.
    • (1994) Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. , vol.4 , pp. 214-218
    • Kärenlampi, P.1    Retulainen, E.2    Kolehmainen, H.3
  • 21
    • 0029247334 scopus 로고
    • Effects of fiber length and coarseness on pulp flocculation
    • Kerekes, R.J., and Schnell, C.J. 1995. Effects of fiber length and coarseness on pulp flocculation. TAPPI J. 78: 133-139.
    • (1995) TAPPI J. , vol.78 , pp. 133-139
    • Kerekes, R.J.1    Schnell, C.J.2
  • 23
    • 0030367495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic density in Norway spruce. Part I. A literature review
    • Lindström, H. 1996. Basic density in Norway spruce. Part I. A literature review. Wood Fiber Sci. 28: 15-27.
    • (1996) Wood Fiber Sci. , vol.28 , pp. 15-27
    • Lindström, H.1
  • 25
    • 0002563385 scopus 로고
    • A study in comparative lengths of tracheids of red spruce grown under free and suppressed conditions
    • MacMillan, W.B. 1925. A study in comparative lengths of tracheids of Red spruce grown under free and suppressed conditions. J. For. 23: 34-42.
    • (1925) J. For. , vol.23 , pp. 34-42
    • MacMillan, W.B.1
  • 26
    • 0032156145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of strength parameters for softwood kraft pulps. Multivariate data analysis based on physical and morphological parameters
    • Marklund, A., Hauksson, J.B., Edlund, U., and Sjöström, M. 1998. Prediction of strength parameters for softwood kraft pulps. Multivariate data analysis based on physical and morphological parameters. Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. 13: 211-219.
    • (1998) Nord. Pulp Pap. Res. J. , vol.13 , pp. 211-219
    • Marklund, A.1    Hauksson, J.B.2    Edlund, U.3    Sjöström, M.4
  • 27
    • 0024224208 scopus 로고
    • Light quantity and quality on the forest floor of pioneer and climax stages in a birch - Beech -sugar maple stand
    • Messier, C., and Bellefleur, P. 1988. Light quantity and quality on the forest floor of pioneer and climax stages in a birch - beech -sugar maple stand. Can. J. For. Res. 18: 615-622.
    • (1988) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.18 , pp. 615-622
    • Messier, C.1    Bellefleur, P.2
  • 28
    • 0028975301 scopus 로고
    • Growth, allocation, and morphological responses of Betula pubescens and Betula pendula to shade in developing scots pine stands
    • Messier, C., and Puttonen, P. 1995. Growth, allocation, and morphological responses of Betula pubescens and Betula pendula to shade in developing Scots pine stands. Can. J. For. Res. 25: 629-637.
    • (1995) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 629-637
    • Messier, C.1    Puttonen, P.2
  • 29
    • 0001945881 scopus 로고
    • Regional temperature and radiation indices and their adjustment to horizontal and inclined forest land
    • Morén, A.S., and Perttu, K. 1994. Regional temperature and radiation indices and their adjustment to horizontal and inclined forest land. Stud. For. Suec. 194: 1-19.
    • (1994) Stud. For. Suec. , vol.194 , pp. 1-19
    • Morén, A.S.1    Perttu, K.2
  • 31
    • 0345207730 scopus 로고
    • In Swedish with English summary. Department of Reforestation, Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm. Res. Notes 73
    • Odin, H. 1976. Studies of wind and evaporation in forest stands and clear felled areas. [In Swedish with English summary.] Department of Reforestation, Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm. Res. Notes 73.
    • (1976) Studies of Wind and Evaporation in Forest Stands and Clear Felled Areas
    • Odin, H.1
  • 32
    • 0002887819 scopus 로고
    • Effects of low shelterwood on temperature near the ground
    • Edited by K. Perttu. Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Rep. 15
    • Odin, H., Magnusson, B., and Bäckström, P.O. 1984. Effects of low shelterwood on temperature near the ground. In Ecology and management of forest biomass production system. Edited by K. Perttu. Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Rep. 15. pp. 77-99.
    • (1984) Ecology and Management of Forest Biomass Production System , pp. 77-99
    • Odin, H.1    Magnusson, B.2    Bäckström, P.O.3
  • 33
    • 0002466972 scopus 로고
    • Shading reduces both visible and invisible frost damage to Norway spruce seedlings in the field
    • Örlander, G. 1993. Shading reduces both visible and invisible frost damage to Norway spruce seedlings in the field. Forestry, 66: 27-36.
    • (1993) Forestry , vol.66 , pp. 27-36
    • Örlander, G.1
  • 34
    • 0004123001 scopus 로고
    • Effects of high pine shelterwood on temperature near the ground
    • Edited by H. Alexandersson and B. Holmgren. Department of Physical Geography, Uppsala University, Uppsala. UNGI Rep. 65
    • Ottosson-Löfvenius, M. 1987. Effects of high pine shelterwood on temperature near the ground. In Climatological extremes in the mountain, physiological background, geomorphological and ecological consequences. Edited by H. Alexandersson and B. Holmgren. Department of Physical Geography, Uppsala University, Uppsala. UNGI Rep. 65. pp. 69-77.
    • (1987) Climatological Extremes in the Mountain, Physiological Background, Geomorphological and Ecological Consequences , pp. 69-77
    • Ottosson-Löfvenius, M.1
  • 36
    • 0013687624 scopus 로고
    • Importance of coarseness and fiber length in papermaking
    • 23-26 Oct. 1988, Savannah, Ga. TAPPI, New York
    • Paavilainen, L. 1988. Importance of coarseness and fiber length in papermaking. In International Process and Product Quality Conference, 23-26 Oct. 1988, Savannah, Ga. TAPPI, New York. pp. 99-109.
    • (1988) International Process and Product Quality Conference , pp. 99-109
    • Paavilainen, L.1
  • 37
    • 0002612401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for automatic collimator alignment in microdensity measurements
    • Pernestål, K., and Jonsson, B. 1996. A method for automatic collimator alignment in microdensity measurements. Wood Sci. Technol. 30: 91-97.
    • (1996) Wood Sci. Technol. , vol.30 , pp. 91-97
    • Pernestål, K.1    Jonsson, B.2
  • 38
    • 0013671846 scopus 로고
    • In Swedish with English summary. Department of Forest Yield Research, Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm, Res. Notes 37
    • Persson, A. 1975. Wood and Pulp of Norway spruce and Scots pine at various spacings. [In Swedish with English summary.] Department of Forest Yield Research, Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm, Res. Notes 37.
    • (1975) Wood and Pulp of Norway Spruce and Scots Pine at Various Spacings
    • Persson, A.1
  • 39
    • 0003920981 scopus 로고
    • Interscience Publishers, New York
    • Rydholm, A.S. 1965. Pulping processes. Interscience Publishers, New York.
    • (1965) Pulping Processes
    • Rydholm, A.S.1
  • 40
    • 0029257087 scopus 로고
    • The effect of fiber length and coarseness on the tensile strength of wet webs: A statistical geometry explanation
    • Seth, R.S. 1995. The effect of fiber length and coarseness on the tensile strength of wet webs: a statistical geometry explanation. TAPPI J. 78: 99-102.
    • (1995) TAPPI J. , vol.78 , pp. 99-102
    • Seth, R.S.1
  • 44
    • 0001028046 scopus 로고
    • Anatomical and pulping properties of fast-and slow-grown Norway spruce
    • Stairs, G.R., Marton, R., Brown, A.F., Rizzio, M., and Petrik, A. 1966. Anatomical and pulping properties of fast-and slow-grown Norway spruce. TAPPI J. 49: 296-300.
    • (1966) TAPPI J. , vol.49 , pp. 296-300
    • Stairs, G.R.1    Marton, R.2    Brown, A.F.3    Rizzio, M.4    Petrik, A.5
  • 46
    • 0029666985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of overstory shading on white pine weevil damage to white spruce and its effects on spruce growth rates
    • Taylor, S.P., Alfaro, R.I., DeLong, C., and Rankin, L. 1996. The effects of overstory shading on white pine weevil damage to white spruce and its effects on spruce growth rates. Can. J. For. Res. 26: 306-312.
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 306-312
    • Taylor, S.P.1    Alfaro, R.I.2    DeLong, C.3    Rankin, L.4
  • 49
    • 0028817325 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical bending stress applied during periods of cambial dormancy (or) activity stimulates diameter growth of Scots pine seedlings
    • Valinger, E., Lundqvist, L., and Sundberg, B. 1995. Mechanical bending stress applied during periods of cambial dormancy (or) activity stimulates diameter growth of Scots pine seedlings. Can. J. For. Res. 25: 886-890.
    • (1995) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.25 , pp. 886-890
    • Valinger, E.1    Lundqvist, L.2    Sundberg, B.3
  • 50
    • 0028404204 scopus 로고
    • Matching wood fiber characteristics to pulp and paper processes and products
    • Williams, M.F. 1994. Matching wood fiber characteristics to pulp and paper processes and products. TAPPI J. 77: 227-233.
    • (1994) TAPPI J. , vol.77 , pp. 227-233
    • Williams, M.F.1
  • 51
    • 0013684791 scopus 로고
    • Licenciate thesis, Department of Forest Products, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala
    • Yngvesson, M. 1993. Properties of kraft pulp and sawn wood. Licenciate thesis, Department of Forest Products, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
    • (1993) Properties of Kraft Pulp and Sawn Wood
    • Yngvesson, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.